In this work, the microhardness of 7075 aluminum alloy friction stir welding (FSW) joint was measured by a micro vickers hardness tester, the microstructure of the joints was characterised by microscope, the precipitated phases among the welding nugget zone (WNZ), thermal mechanical affected zone (TMAZ), heat affected zone (HAZ) were affirmed by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and the lattice fringe of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) high resolution image. Based on this, the precipition behavior of precipitated phases was studied. The results show that the microhardness distribution of the 7075 aluminium alloy FSW joints is heterogeneous in comparison with the base metal (BM). The precipitates in the joint mainly include MgZn rod shape and AlCuMg in elliptical shape. In the WNZ, the main precipitate is AlCuMg, and the fine grain strengthening effect is better, so the microhardness in this zone is relatively high. In the TMAZ, the quantity of AlCuMg decreased while the MgZn2 increased relatively in comparison with the WNZ. At the same time, the effect of the fine grain strengthening was weakened, though the strain hardening increased. Therefore, the microhardness in the TMAZ still decreased. In the HAZ, the quantity of MgZn2 increased furtherly, and there is no strain hardening and fine grain strengthening, so the microhardness of the HAZ was the lowest among the FSW joints. Besides, through comparative tests, the optimal process parameters of friction stir welding of 7075 aluminum alloy were obtained.
Mechanical and microstructural properties of EN AW-6060 aluminum alloy joints produced by friction stir welding