scholarly journals Spore morphology of Selected Pteridophytes Found in the Western Ghats of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Shaiesh Morajka ◽  
Sudha Sajeev ◽  
Smitha Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Spore Morphology ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Fern Species ◽  
Surface Ornamentation ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
The Western Ghats ◽  
Scanning Electron

The currents study evaluated the morphology (apperture, size, perine structures and surface ornamentation) of treated spores of 45 selected fern species from the Western Ghats of India, using Scanning Electron Microspcopy (SEM). Twenty-six species of fern spores were trilete type, while 19 of them had monolete aperture types. The size of the spore were found to be highly variable (20X20µm to 60X60µm) with an average mean spore size of 44 µmX38µm. Further more the spores were found to have a highly diverse perine ornementaion with 11 different types of perine structures. Gammate and psilatetype of perine ornamentation,and Globose and ellipsoidal spore shape were found to be the most common within the studies fern spore samples.The variability found in the spore ultra structure and perispore ornamentation of the selected pteridophytes species reflects the morphological differences observed in the sporophyte. The spores could be an important source of characteristics with systematic value in fern taxonomy.The spore morphology of the examined pteridophytes studied common, endemicor otherwise will find a significant role in future taxonomic surveys, and other morphology, Palynology, discrimination, and identification studies of pteridophytesin the Western Ghats.

scholarly journals INVENTARISASI DAN KAJIAN PALINOLOGI JENIS-JENIS TUMBUHAN PAKU (PTERODOFITA) EPIFIT DI KAWASAN UNIVERSITAS RIAU, PROVINSI RIAU

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Nery Sofiyanti ◽  
Putri Handayani Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Spore Morphology ◽  
Spore Type ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Digital Microscope ◽  
Fern Species ◽  
Surface Ornamentation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstrak : Tumbuhan paku  (Pteridofita) epifit banyak di jumpai di kawasan Universitas Riau. Karakteristik spora pada tumbuhn apaku memegang peranan penting dalam kajian taksonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis pteridofita epifit di kawasan ini dan  mengkarakterisasi sporanya. Metode pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan metode eksplorasi. Setiap jenis yang dijumpai didokumentasikan, dibuat herbarium, dideskripsi dan diidentifikasi. Spora dikoleksi dari daun yang sudah dewasa dan dibuat preparat menggunakan metode asetolisis. Preparat spora diamati dan didokumentasikan menggunakan mikroskop digital. Data yang diperoleh kemudian disajikan dalam bentuk gambar dan tabel serta dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil inventarisasi paku epifit di kawasan Universitas Riau mengidentifikasi 18 jenis paku epifit, yang tergolong ke dalam 6 famili yaitu Aspleniaceae, Davalliaceae, Nephrolepidaceae, Polypodiaceae Pteridaceae and Thelypteridaceae. Namun kajian palinologi hanya dilakukan pada 11 jenis yang sudah menghasilkan spora. Hasil pengamatan spora menunjukan bahwa semua jenis paku epifit mempunyai tipe dasar spora monolete, berbentuk ginjal dan hanya mempunyai satu laesura pada bagian ventral. Ukuran spora yang dijumpai adalah besar dan sangat besar, dengan ornamentasi permukaan Lohpat, verukat berpapila verukat, tuberkulat, ekinat pendek dan ekinat panjang. Morfologi spora yang ditemukan pada penelitian ini menunjukan karakteristik yang berbeda pada setiap jenis. Namun masih perlu dilanjutkan pengamatan menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy untuk mendapatkan oramentasi lebih detilKata kunci : paku epifit, palinologi, spora, monolete, UNRI Abstract : Ephypitic ferns are commonly found in University of Riau area. Spore characteristics play important role in taxonomical words. This study aimed to identify ephypitic pteridophyte species from this area and characterize their spore. Samples were collected using exploration method, and were then documented, prepared for herbarium, described and identified. Spore grains were collected from mature leaves and prepared by using acetolysis method. The spores were then observed and documented using digital microscope. Data were presented in figures and tables and describtively analized. The inventory of ephypitic ferns from University of Riau area identified a total of 18 fern species belong to 6 families, i.e. Aspleniaceae, Davalliaceae, Nephrolepidaceae, Polypodiaceae, Pteridaceae and Thelypteridaceae. Palinologycal study had been carried out from 11 species that produced spore. We observed the basic spore type of examined ephypitic ferns, monolete, with reniform shape and one laesura at the ventral part. The size of spore observed were big and very big spore, with surface ornamentation Lohpate, papillous verucate,  verucate,  tuberculate,, short echinate and long echinate. Spore morphology observed in this study showed the characteristic among the examined species. The further study using Scanning Electron Microscopy is neccesary to obtain detail spore ornamentation.Keywords: ephypitic fern, palynology, spore, monolete, UNRI

scholarly journals Use of wastes from the tea and coffee industries for the production of cellulases using fungi isolated from the Western Ghats of India

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
S. A. Saldaña-Mendoza ◽  
J. A. Ascacio-Valdés ◽  
A. S. Palacios-Ponce ◽  
J. C. Contreras-Esquivel ◽  
R. Rodríguez-Herrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Ghats ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
The Western Ghats

scholarly journals Rapid mapping of landslides in the Western Ghats (India) triggered by 2018 extreme monsoon rainfall using a deep learning approach

Landslides ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sansar Raj Meena ◽  
Omid Ghorbanzadeh ◽  
Cees J. van Westen ◽  
Thimmaiah Gudiyangada Nachappa ◽  
Thomas Blaschke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Auxiliary Information ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Spectral Information ◽  
Topographic Slope ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
Landslide Inventory Map ◽  
Inventory Map ◽  
The Western Ghats

AbstractRainfall-induced landslide inventories can be compiled using remote sensing and topographical data, gathered using either traditional or semi-automatic supervised methods. In this study, we used the PlanetScope imagery and deep learning convolution neural networks (CNNs) to map the 2018 rainfall-induced landslides in the Kodagu district of Karnataka state in the Western Ghats of India. We used a fourfold cross-validation (CV) to select the training and testing data to remove any random results of the model. Topographic slope data was used as auxiliary information to increase the performance of the model. The resulting landslide inventory map, created using the slope data with the spectral information, reduces the false positives, which helps to distinguish the landslide areas from other similar features such as barren lands and riverbeds. However, while including the slope data did not increase the true positives, the overall accuracy was higher compared to using only spectral information to train the model. The mean accuracies of correctly classified landslide values were 65.5% when using only optical data, which increased to 78% with the use of slope data. The methodology presented in this research can be applied in other landslide-prone regions, and the results can be used to support hazard mitigation in landslide-prone regions.

Native coffee agroforestry in the Western Ghats of India maintains higher carbon storage and tree diversity compared to exotic agroforestry

2018 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 461-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joannès Guillemot ◽  
Guerric le Maire ◽  
Manjunatha Munishamappa ◽  
Fabien Charbonnier ◽  
Philippe Vaast
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Coffee Agroforestry ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
The Western Ghats

scholarly journals Distribution and habitat associations of the Critically Endangered frog Walkerana phrynoderma (Anura: Ranixalidae), with an assessment of potential threats, abundance, and morphology

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Arun Kanagavel ◽  
Sethu Parvathy ◽  
Abhiijth P. Chundakatil ◽  
Neelesh Dahanukar ◽  
Benjamin Tapley
Keyword(s):  
Western Ghats ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
Pesticide Runoff ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Western Ghats

Distribution and habitat associations of the Critically Endangered frog Walkerana phrynoderma (Anura: Ranixalidae), with an assessment of potential threats, abundance, and morphology. Little is known about Walkerana phrynoderma, a frog endemic to the Anamalai Hills of the Western Ghats of India. Baseline information (i.e., distribution, threats, habitat characteristics, activity patterns, and relative abundance) is provided for this species, with the aim of improving our understanding of the status of the species in the wild. Visual-encounter, transect, and time-activity budget surveys were conducted in and around the Anamalai Hills of the Western Ghats. The frog skin was swabbed to determine the presence/absence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, and habitat and environmental characteristics were recorded at sites where W. phrynoderma was found. These data were compared with those of sites apparently lacking this species that had suitable habitat. Walkerana phrynoderma is restricted to evergreen forests between 1300 and 1700 m a.s.l. in the Anamalai Tiger Reserve and at Munnar; thus, its range was extended from the state of Tamil Nadu to the adjoining state of Kerala. Pesticide runoff and human disturbance are the most severe threats to the species; B. dendrobatidis was not detected. This nocturnal anuran prefers forest edges and is associated with well-shaded forest foors in cool areas near freshwater streams. Walkerana phrynoderma is rarely encountered whereas its congener, W. leptodactyla, is more common. The impact of anthropogenic disturbances, especially waste disposal and development of tourism infrastructure, should be evaluated. The land that is owned by the Forest Department peripheral to the protected areas could be designated as eco-sensitive sites to prevent changes in land use that could have an adverse effect on W. phrynoderma.

Paraindopamphantus bruneiensis gen. nov. et sp. nov., as the first representative of the subfamily Pamphantinae from South East Asia (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae: Pamphantinae: Indopamphantini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4415 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
M. B. MALIPATIL ◽  
G. G. E. SCUDDER
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Oriental Region ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
The Western Ghats

Paraindopamphantus gen. nov., containing one species, I. bruneiensis sp. nov., is reported from Brunei, as the first member of the subfamily Pamphantinae from South East Asia and the second from the Oriental Region. The strikingly myrmecomorphic P. bruneiensis, collected only from Bukit Sulang, nr Lamunin in Brunei in the canopy of Shorea johorensis Foxw. (Dipterocarpaceae) tree by insecticide fogging is described and illustrated. The genus is placed in tribe Indopamphantini, that at present contains only other genus Indopamphantus Malipatil recorded from the Western Ghats of India. The significance of the habitus and myrmecomorphy of this species, in relation to Indopamphantus makutaensis Malipatil, is discussed. A key to the two genera of Indopamphantini is provided. 

Multiple facets of rarity among rain forest trees in the Western Ghats of India

2018 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 110-119
Author(s):  
Priya Davidar ◽  
François Munoz ◽  
Jean-Philippe Puyravaud ◽  
D. Mohandass ◽  
V.S. Ramachandran
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
The Western Ghats
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