scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Camellia Sinensis and Alstonia Scholaris Extracts on Streptococcus Mutans and Lactobacillus Acidophilus - An in Vitro Study.

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 455-465
Author(s):  
Shubhi Goel ◽  
Chandra Shekar B R ◽  
Chandan S
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Alstonia Scholaris ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Context Dental caries is showing an upward trend in India and there is a need to explore innovative strategies to prevent the disease. Literature evaluating antibacterial activity of Camellia sinensis and Alstonia scholaris plant extracts on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus is practically non-existent. Objectives - To assess the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and antimicrobial efficacy of Camellia sinensis and Alstonia scholaris on S. mutans and L. acidophilus. Materials and method: This was an in vitro study carried over a period of three months. The leaves of Camellia sinensis and Alstonia scholaris were collected, and crushed to obtain coarse powder. Plant extraction was performed using Soxhelet appartus. Anti- oxidant assay was performed for both the plant extracts against DPPH radical using Spectrophotometer at 517nm. Inhibition percentage was calculated through absorbance value measured from spectrophotometer. Anti- microbial activity of both the plant extracts against Microbial Type Culture Collection strains of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus was assessed using Agar well diffusion method. 0.2% Chlorhexidine was used as positive control and ethanol as negative control. The experiment was performed in triplicates. Mean inhibition zone in each set of experiment was computed using three readings after accounting for well diameter. One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Tukey’s post hoc test and independent sample‘t’ test were performed to compare the mean inhibition zone. Results: The plant extracts were effective against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Camellia sinensis at 4% concentration produced a mean inhibition zone of 30.3± 3.9 mm against Streptococcus mutans and 23.8± 2.2 mm against Lactobacillus acidophilus. Alstonia scholaris at 10% concentration produced a mean inhibition zone of 21.6± 2.8 mm against Streptococcus mutans and 24.1± 1.6 mm against Lactobacillus acidophilus. Conclusion: Camellia sinensis and Alstonia scholaris have significant anti- oxidant and anti- microbial property against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus.

scholarly journals Influence of Medicinal Plant Extracts on the Growth of Oral Pathogens Streptococcus Mutans and Lactobacillus Acidophilus: An In-Vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 2328-2334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanaa Elgamily ◽  
Rehab Safy ◽  
Rabab Makharita
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Adhesive Dentistry ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Oral Pathogens

AIM: This study investigated the antibacterial efficacy of five plant extracts, as well as the combinations of the two most effective plant, extracts either with or without commercial varnish (MI varnish) on the in vitro growth of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus in comparison to MI varnish using agar disk diffusion and broth dilution methods. METHODS: Methanolic extractions of five plants (Cinnamon, Turmeric, Ginger, Clove and Black seed,) were tested against the growth of the two oral pathogens. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined for the two most effective extracts, and their combinations with different ratios were evaluated against the growth of the two oral pathogens, followed by incorporating the two effective plants or each into commercial MI varnish to be assessed against the oral pathogens in comparison to MI varnish. RESULTS: Only Cinnamon and Clove produced inhibition zones against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus growth. MIC for the two plants showed equal antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans, while Cinnamon had a higher sensitivity to Lactobacillus acidophilus than Clove. A mixture of Cinnamon and Clove in a ratio 1:2 exhibited the highest antibacterial activity. Integration the mixture of both plants into MI varnish in a ratio of 1:1:1 presented the highest antibacterial activity. Meanwhile, the lowest one was recorded for the MI varnish alone. CONCLUSION: Methanolic extract of Cinnamon and Clove has considerable antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus and a new tool for minimally invasive and adhesive dentistry avenues.

scholarly journals Mouthwash Based on Ozonated Olive Oil in Caries Prevention: A Preliminary In-Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9106
Author(s):  
Gianna Maria Nardi ◽  
Sara Fais ◽  
Cinzia Casu ◽  
Marta Mazur ◽  
Roberto Di Giorgio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Vitro Study

(1) Background: Ozone (O3) proved to oxidize organic and inorganic compounds, and its efficacy against bacteria, viruses and fungi plasma membranes was of interest. Ozone vehicle can be a gaseous form, ozonated water or ozonized oil. The aim of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the efficacy of ozonated olive oil against Streptococcus mutans. (2) Methods: Two different commercial mouthwashes were tested: Ialozon Blu (IB) (Gemavip, Cagliari, Italy), with ozonated olive oil, and Ialozon Rose (IR) (Gemavip, Cagliari, Italy), with ozonated olive oil, hyaluronic acid and vitamin E. All formulates were analyzed in a dilution range from 2- to 256-folds in saline solution, as to reproduce the salivary dilution. Streptococcus mutans CIP103220 strain was used for the antimicrobial susceptibility test, and the Kirby–Bauer inhibition method was performed to evaluate the Minimum Inhibitory (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal (MBC), and Minimum Biofilm Inhibitory Concentration (MBIC). (3) Results: Both formulates showed the same antimicrobial activity. MIC, MBC, and MBIC were observed for dilution factors of 1/32, 1/8 and 1/8, respectively. The mean value of inhibition zone diameter was 16.5 mm for IB, and 18 mm for IR. (4) Conclusions: The results suggested that ozonized olive oil formulates were able to inactivate Streptococcus mutans avoiding the salivary dilution effect in the oral cavity.

scholarly journals Comparison of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Four Different Plant Extracts against Cariogenic Bacteria: An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-367
Author(s):  
Gunjan Yadav ◽  
Abhay Mani Tripathi ◽  
Sonali Saha ◽  
Kavita Dhinsa ◽  
Amit Rai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Cariogenic Bacteria

scholarly journals ANTICARIOGENIC POTENTIAL OF CAMELLIA SINENSIS ON STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS- AN IN VITRO STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (16) ◽  
pp. 1268-1272
Author(s):  
Pubali Sarkar ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Suranjita Das ◽  
Bhuvnesh Airen
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study

scholarly journals Plantas medicinales: Efecto antibacteriano in vitro de Plantago major L, Erythroxylum novogranatense, Plowman var truxillense y Camellia sinensis sobre bacterias de importancia estomatológica

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Alvarado Villanueva ◽  
Hilda Moromi Nakata
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Plantago Major ◽  
Prevotella Melaninogenica

El objetivo de la investigación fue comparar la actividad antibacteriana in vitro de los extractos hidroalcohólicos de tres plantas medicinales: Plantago major L. (llantén), Erythroxylum novograntense var truxillense (coca trujillo) y Camellia sinensis (té verde) mediante el método de difusión en agar con discos, sobre cinco cepas patrones de bacterias orales: Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, Lactobacillus acidophilus. ATCC 314, Actinomyces viscosus ATCC 15987, Prevotella melaninogenicus ATCC 25845 y Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC 25586. Se obtuvieron extractos hidroalcohólicos de principios activos totales procedentes de las hojas secas de cada una de las plantas, mediante maceración alcohólica con alcohol etílico al 70 % y posterior evaporación del solvente con el empleo del rotavapor. Cada extracto se diluyó en alcohol etílico al 70 % en las concentraciones de 25 μg/mL y 50 μg/mL. Estas soluciones fueron comparadas con PerioAid® (clorhexidina 0,012 %) como control positivo y con alcohol etílico al 70 %, como control negativo. Al realizar las pruebas de sensibilidad in vitro, se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: los tres extractos hidroalcohólicos en ambas concentraciones presentaron actividad antibacteriana mayor al alcohol etílico (5,8 mm) y menor que el PerioAid® (22,0 mm) sobre las cinco cepas bacterianas en estudio. La mayor actividad presentó el extracto hidroalcohólico de Camellia sinensis a 50 μg/mL, la menor actividad presento Plantago major a 25 μg/mL. Se concluye que los tres extractos hidroalcohólicos en las diluciones de 25 y 50 μg/mL presentaron actividad antibacteriana sobre Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Actinomyces viscosus, Prevotella melaninogenica y Fusobacterium nucleatum. El efecto antibacteriano aumentó con la concentración en P. melaninogenica, que fue la cepa más sensible y A. viscosus la menos sensible.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial efficacy of neem and liquorice with chlorhexidine on Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus and Actinomyces naeslundii – An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad M Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Alcoholic Solution ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Streptococcus Sanguis ◽  
Actinomyces Naeslundii ◽  
Culture Suspension

AbstractThe study was to formulate 2% neem and 2% liquorice mouthwashes and to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of these mouthwashes with the standard 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash. Alcoholic solution was prepared and added to neem mixture and liquorice mixture separately and made up to a volume of 16000 ml with purified water. Nine dilutions of each drug were done with Brain heart infusion broth (BHI) for MIC. Culture suspension was added in each serially diluted tube of 200 μl. The tubes were incubated for 24 hours and observed for turbidity. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2% neem, 2% liquorice and 0.2% chlorhexidine against Lactobacillus, Actinomyces naeslundii, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mutans is determined by serial dilution analysis. Streptococcus mutans shows sensitivity to all three mouthwashes at a concentration starting from 0.2 μg/ml. Lactobacillus shows sensitivity to neem and chlorhexidine mouthwashes at a concentration starting from 1.6 μg/ml, whereas liquorice is effective at a concentration starting from 3.125 μg/ml. Streptococcus sanguis shows sensitivity to chlorhexidine and liquorice mouthwashes at a concentration starting from 25 μg/ml, whereas it shows sensitivity to neem at a concentration starting from 50 μg/ml. Actinomyces naeslundii shows sensitivity to chlorhexidine and neem mouthwashes at a concentration starting from 1.6 μg/ml, whereas it shows sensitivity to liquorice at a concentration starting from 3.125μg/ml. Analysis showed an inhibition of all the four strains by the mouthwashes. The MIC for the studied mouthwashes was found to be similar to that of 0.2% chlorhexidine.

scholarly journals Comparison of Antimicrobial Activity of Fluoride Varnishes Against Streptococcusmutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Banafsheh Soleimani ◽  
Hamidreza Goli ◽  
Mahsa Naranjian ◽  
Seyed Jaber Mousavi ◽  
Azam Nahvi
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
P Value ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
The Mean

Background: Topical fluoride products such as varnishes prevent dental caries by limiting demineralization and antibacterial properties. The structural and metabolic characteristics of cariogenic microorganisms are different from each other. Also, the formulation properties, concentration, and release behavior of fluoride vary in different varnishes. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the antibacterial effects of three types of common fluoride varnishes against two cariogenic bacteria of Streptococcus mutans (S.M.) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (L.A.). Methods: In this in vitro study, antibacterial effects of MI varnish [containing calcium phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP)], Polimo (containing xylitol), and FluoroDose varnishes were evaluated using disc diffusion method via measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone. The antibiotics of erythromycin and ampicillin were used as the positive control of the test. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc tests were applied to compare the mean of non-growth zone diameter in the studied groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16. The statistical significance level was determined as P-value < 0.05. Results: The antibacterial effect of each varnish was optimal against both bacteria. In comparison, the mean diameter of the inhibition zone in MI varnish was significantly (P-value=0.019) higher than Polimo and FluoroDose brands on S.M.; however, this difference was not statistically significant for L.A. Furthermore, Polimo and FluoroDose varnishes showed similar antimicrobial effects against these bacteria. Conclusions: The use of these varnishes seems to be suitable for preventing tooth decay. MI varnish is preferable because of its higher antibacterial properties.

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