scholarly journals Various Material Development Strategies for Suitable Catalysts of Photo Catalytic Water Splitting to Green Fuel H2:A Critical Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-142
Author(s):  
Sahab Uddin ◽  
Abdus Salam ◽  
Shehan Habib ◽  
Kawsar Ahmed ◽  
Tareq Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Dye Sensitization ◽  
Nanostructure Formation ◽  
Material Development ◽  
Solar Water Splitting ◽  
Harvesting Technique ◽  
Elemental Doping ◽  
User Friendly

Fossil fuels are the most substantial & extensively used sources of energy for today’s world. Simultaneously, the unconscious exposure of toxic pollutants and green-house gases allied with fossil energy is not viable with contexture. Solar energy were treated as an auspicious source of energy from ancient age because of its richness & cleanness. But problem arises in its capture, storage, transformation, and distribution. That’s why scholars are trying to convert this renewable light energy to a user friendly and viable form of energy. By analyzing recent studies on H2 fuel it is considered as most lucrative choice for clean and sustainable fuel with high calorific value & zero pollution. This review offers an overview of most recent advancement in development of photo-catalyst for solar water splitting which is treated as a promising Green-Harvesting technique among all H2 generation techniques. Here we discussed about various catalyst development techniques especially about doping techniques, reactor design and light scattering/trapping systems.We found that among all doping is a promising technique and a lots of study have been done on this technique than others like as Hetero junction, Dye sensitization, modification of surface or nanostructure formation. Hence we concluded with the decision that, more research are needed on hetero junction and nanostructure formation along with elemental doping.

Recent advances and demonstrated potentials for clean hydrogen via overall solar water splitting

MRS Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (51-52) ◽  
pp. 2771-2785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faqrul A. Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Solar Water Splitting ◽  
System Designs

ABSTRACTSolar water splitting can potentially play a significant role in the future, sustainable and carbon-neutral energy infrastructure - by generating hydrogen as a green fuel from renewable sources and liquid-fuels via carbon-dioxide reduction. Hydrogen has higher gravimetric energy-yield compared to most of the conventional fossil fuels, is storable and transportable on demand. With the prospective green hydrogen economy in mind, considerable efforts have been made in the quest for a stable and efficient photocatalyst/photoelectrode which can eventually lead towards the realization of large-scale hydrogen production system. This snapshot review provides a summary of the basic principles and challenges associated with unassisted overall water splitting, and highlights the recent technological advancements made on the device and system designs on lab-scale - to improve different performance metrics, i.e., efficiency, stability, scalability and large-scale prototypes with demonstrated potentials for future developments.

Combinatorial Fabrication and High-Throughput Characterization of Thin Film Metal Oxide Libraries for Solar water Splitting

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Ludwig ◽  
Mona Nowak ◽  
Swati Kumari ◽  
Helge S. Stein ◽  
Ramona Gutkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Solar Water Splitting

Evaluasi Prediksi Higher Heating Value (HHV) Biomassa Berdasarkan Analisis Proksimat

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Made Dirgantara ◽  
Karelius Karelius ◽  
Marselin Devi Ariyanti, Sry Ayu K. Tamba
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Bomb Calorimeter ◽  
Hhv Prediction

Abstrak – Biomassa merupakan salah satu energi terbarukan yang sangat mudah ditemui, ramah lingkungan dan cukup ekonomis. Keberadaan biomassa dapat dimaanfaatkan sebagai pengganti bahan bakar fosil, baik itu minyak bumi, gas alam maupun batu bara. Analisi diperlukan sebagai dasar biomassa sebagai energi seperti proksimat dan kalor. Analisis terpenting untuk menilai biomassa sebagai bahan bakar adalah nilai kalori atau higher heating value (HHV). HHV secara eksperimen diukur menggunakan bomb calorimeter, namun pengukuran ini kurang efektif, karena memerlukan waktu serta biaya yang tinggi. Penelitian mengenai prediksi HHV berdasarkan analisis proksimat telah dilakukan sehingga dapat mempermudah dan menghemat biaya yang diperlukan peneliti. Dalam makalah ini dibahas evaluasi persamaan untuk memprediksi HHV berdasarkan analisis proksimat pada biomassa berdasarkan data dari penelitian sebelumnya. Prediksi nilai HHV menggunakan lima persamaan yang dievaluasi dengan 25 data proksimat biomassa dari penelitian sebelumnya, kemudian dibandingkan berdasarkan nilai error untuk mendapatkan prediksi terbaik. Hasil analisis menunjukan, persamaan A terbaik di 7 biomassa, B di 6 biomassa, C di 6 biomassa, D di 5 biomassa dan E di 1 biomassa.Kata kunci: bahan bakar, biomassa, higher heating value, nilai error, proksimat  Abstract – Biomass is a renewable energy that is very easy to find, environmentally friendly, and quite economical. The existence of biomass can be used as a substitute for fossil fuels, both oil, natural gas, and coal. Analyzes are needed as a basis for biomass as energy such as proximate and heat. The most critical analysis to assess biomass as fuel is the calorific value or higher heating value (HHV). HHV is experimentally measured using a bomb calorimeter, but this measurement is less effective because it requires time and high costs. Research on the prediction of HHV based on proximate analysis has been carried out so that it can simplify and save costs needed by researchers. In this paper, the evaluation of equations is discussed to predict HHV based on proximate analysis on biomass-based on data from previous studies. HHV prediction values using five equations were evaluated with 25 proximate biomass data from previous studies, then compared based on error value to get the best predictions. The analysis shows that Equation A predicts best in 7 biomass, B in 6 biomass, C in 6 biomass, D in 5 biomass, and E in 1 biomass. Key words: fuel, biomass, higher heating value, error value, proximate 

Carrier Engineering of Zr-mediated Ta3N5 Film as Efficient Photoanode for Solar Water Splitting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Zou ◽  
Xueyang Han ◽  
Chengxiong Wang ◽  
Yunkun Zhao ◽  
Chun Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Band Structure ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Light Absorption ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Visible Light Absorption ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Solar Water Splitting

Ta3N5 is regarded as a promising candidate material with adequate visible light absorption and band structure for photoelectrochemical water splitting. However, the performance of Ta3N5 is severely limited by the...

scholarly journals Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 thin-film solar water-splitting photovoltaics for solar seawater desalination

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 100468
Author(s):  
Lintao Li ◽  
Chenyang Wang ◽  
Kuang Feng ◽  
Dingwang Huang ◽  
Kang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Seawater Desalination ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Solar Water Splitting ◽  
Cu2znsns4 Thin Film

scholarly journals Wittichenite semiconductor of Cu3BiS3 films for efficient hydrogen evolution from solar driven photoelectrochemical water splitting

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dingwang Huang ◽  
Lintao Li ◽  
Kang Wang ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Kuang Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Solar Hydrogen ◽  
Onset Potential ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Solar Water Splitting ◽  
Current Densities

AbstractA highly efficient, low-cost and environmentally friendly photocathode with long-term stability is the goal of practical solar hydrogen evolution applications. Here, we found that the Cu3BiS3 film-based photocathode meets the abovementioned requirements. The Cu3BiS3-based photocathode presents a remarkable onset potential over 0.9 VRHE with excellent photoelectrochemical current densities (~7 mA/cm2 under 0 VRHE) and appreciable 10-hour long-term stability in neutral water solutions. This high onset potential of the Cu3BiS3-based photocathode directly results in a good unbiased operating photocurrent of ~1.6 mA/cm2 assisted by the BiVO4 photoanode. A tandem device of Cu3BiS3-BiVO4 with an unbiased solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 2.04% is presented. This tandem device also presents high stability over 20 hours. Ultimately, a 5 × 5 cm2 large Cu3BiS3-BiVO4 tandem device module is fabricated for standalone overall solar water splitting with a long-term stability of 60 hours.

scholarly journals Stabilized Hydroxide-Mediated Nickel-Based Electrocatalysts for High-Current-Density Hydrogen Evolution in Alkaline Media

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuting Luo ◽  
Zhiyuan Zhang ◽  
Fengning Yang ◽  
Jiong Li ◽  
Zhibo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Critical Energy ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
High Current ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Electrochemical Water Splitting

Large-scale production of green hydrogen by electrochemical water splitting is considered as a promising technology to address critical energy challenges caused by the extensive use of fossil fuels. Although nonprecious...

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