Picking peanuts is the key operational link and the core technology of peanut combine harvester. On the basis the theoretical analysis of picking mechanism and structural parameters of the half-feed picking roller, and combined with the picking performance experimental, the structural parameters of the picking blades and blades quantity of picking roller were studied. The results show that: when the straight-shaped blade is picking, the picking force is strong, the broken branch and seedling phenomenon is serious, peanut broken rate and peanut with handle rate are higher; the arc-shaped blade reduced peanut damage, and effectively reduced the rate of the peanut with handle. The picking blade radian has a large impact to the peanut broken and loss rate. When the blade radian is 70° and the blade radius is 35mm, total loss rate is the lowest on the picking segment of the blade. The blade quantity has significant influence to the peanut broken and loss rate. The peanut broken rate of the 8 blades is 2 to 3 times of the 4 and 6 blades; the picking net rate of the 4 blades is much lower than 6 and 8 blades. The self-design the picking roller is 6 arc-shaped blades, the blade radius is 35mm, and the blade radian is 70°. The study provides the design basis for the research and development of the half-feed peanut picking device.