Evaluation of Dominant Parameters in Lipase Transesterification of Cottonseed Oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Anderson ◽  
Terry Walker ◽  
Bryan Moser ◽  
Caye Drapcho ◽  
Yi Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Cottonseed Oil ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Induction Periods ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
The Difference

Abstract. Eversa Transform was used as an enzymatic catalyst to transform glandless and crude (heavy pigment) cottonseed oils into biodiesel. The oils were reacted with methanol at a 6:1 molar ratio with modified amounts of water, lipase, and temperature. Reactions were conducted in the presence of lipase and water at doses of 2, 5, and 8 wt% and 1, 3, and 6 wt%, respectively. Product composition and conversion were determined using the gas chromatography method of ASTM D6584. Oxidative stability was determined following EN 15751. The conversion to fatty acid methyl esters averaged 98.5% across all samples. Temperature had the most significant effect on conversion (p < 0.0035). Lipase and water dosages did not affect conversion, while each had an effect with temperature that was significant across the difference between 3 and 1 wt% water content and between 8 and 5 wt% enzyme content between the two temperatures (p = 0.0018 and 0.0153), respectively. Induction periods (oxidative stability) of the glandless and crude cottonseed oils were significantly different, but there was no difference between the two oil conversions based on oil type. Keywords: Biodiesel, Cottonseed oil, Fatty acid methyl esters, Lipase, Oxidative stability, Transesterification.

scholarly journals Efficiency of different additives in improvement of oxidation stability of fatty acid methyl esters with different properties

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-29
Author(s):  
Milica Rankov-Sicar ◽  
Radoslav Micic ◽  
Milan Tomic ◽  
Natasa Djurisic-Mladenovic
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Induction Periods ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Rancimat Method

This study evaluates six formulations in improving oxidation stability of different fatty acid methyl esters (MEs). Two MEs differed in the unsaturation levels as they were synthesized from different feedstocks: a blend of soybean and sunflower oils (SoSuME), and waste cooking oil (WCOME); they did not fulfill the requirements of the EN 14214 standard concerning the oxidation stability (~0.6 h) and some impurities. The third MEs (SoSuME-EN) were fully compliant with the standard. Five formulations were phenolic-based, containing single or mixed antioxidant compounds of different molecular structures; one was amine-based. Different dosages of the formulations were added to the ME samples (corresponding to the addition range ~50-48300 ppm). The MEs stability expressed as induction periods, IPs, determined by the Rancimat method, were used for calculation of stabilization factors, SFs, indicating the efficiency of the applied formulation. The formulation containing TBHQ was the most efficient concerning the lowest consumption rate and the highest SF achieved for the low quality ME. 2,2?-methylene-bis-(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) was linked with higher antioxidant potency than amine-based formulation and the phenolic com-pounds with two bulky tert-butyl groups. Among 4 selected phenolic additives, BHT and 2,2?-methylene-bis-(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) proved similar efficiency in SoSuME-EN (at ~500 ppm they produced SF~2), while it took twice of this amount for mixed butylphenols to achieve the same effect.

Enhancing Cold Flow Property of Biodiesel Derived from Cottonseed Oil

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 2373-2377
Author(s):  
Xiao Ling Chen ◽  
Xiu Chen ◽  
Ling Ling Cai ◽  
Yong Bin Lai ◽  
Ya Li Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Flow Property ◽  
Cottonseed Oil ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Cold Flow Properties ◽  
Acid Methyl

The chemical compositions of cottonseed oil biodiesel (CSME) are analyzed by using the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The cold flow properties of CSME is studied by cold filer plugging point (CFPP) tester and crystallization mechanism of biodiesel, three approaches for enhancing cold flow properties of CSME are put forward: crystallization fractionation; blending with winter petrodiesel; and treating with cold flow improver (CFI) additives. A significant correlation model is proposed for predicting CFPP by CSME blending ratio. The study shows that the CSME is mainly composed of saturated fatty acid methyl esters (SFSMEs): C14:0~C24:0 and unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters (UFAMEs): C16:1~C22:1, C18:2 and C18:3. The mass fraction of SFAME and UFAME is 32.12 and 66.19%, respectively. The CFPP of CSME is 6 °C. Crystallization fractionation and blending with-10PD decrease the CFPP of CSME to-1 °C and-12 °C, respectively. Adding Flow Fit, Flow Fit K and T818 additives 1.5 v% decreases the CFPP of CME and CME/-10PD to 0 and-26 °C, respectively. This study has effectively enhanced cold flow properties of CSME and provides technical support for using CSME.

Novel sequential batch membrane reactor to increase fatty acid methyl esters quality at low methanol to oil molar ratio

2012 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 459-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Reyes ◽  
G. Ciudad ◽  
M. Misra ◽  
A. Mohanty ◽  
D. Jeison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Acid Methyl

Solubilities of six cottonseed oil fatty acid methyl esters in methanol

1983 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 2007-2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. M. Zarins ◽  
R. K. Willich ◽  
R. O. Feuge
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Cottonseed Oil ◽  
Acid Methyl

Synthesis of Biodiesel by Different Carriers Supported KOH Catalyst

2012 ◽  
Vol 581-582 ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Mei Yang ◽  
Peng Mei Lv ◽  
Zhen Hong Yuan ◽  
Wen Luo ◽  
Hui Wen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Catalyst Amount ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
And Performance

Transesterification of soybean oil with methanol to methyl eaters was found proceed in the presence of KOH loaded on five different oxides (CaO, MgO, Al2O3, Bentonite, kaolin) as heterogeneous catalysts. The structure and performance of these catalysts were studied using the techniques of XRD, CO2-TPD, and SEM. It was found that the 15wt% KOH/CaO catalyst provided best activity. In the presence of this catalyst, the yield of fatty acid methyl esters was 97.1%. The reaction conditions were as follows: methanol to soybean oil molar ratio was 16:1, temperature of 65 °C, reaction time of 1 h, and a catalyst amount of 4 wt%. The catalysts of KOH loaded on CaO showed a new crystalline phase of K2O. However, the catalyst of 15-KOH/CaO has more basic sites than the catalyst of 15-KOH/MgO. Therefore, the catalyst of 15-KOH/CaO has been associated with higher transesterification activity.

scholarly journals Biodiesel production from vegetable oil refinery waste using ohmic-assisted esterification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afsaneh Alishahi ◽  
MEHRDAD NIAKOUSARI ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Golmakani
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Catalyst Concentration ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Conversion Yield ◽  
Refinery Waste ◽  
Acid Methyl

Abstract The ohmic-assisted esterification method was compared and contrasted with the conventional esterification method for biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters) production from vegetable oil refinery waste containing high free fatty acids. The reaction variables were free fatty acid:methanol molar ratio (1:1, 1:5, 1:10, and 1:15), catalyst concentration (1%, 2%, and 3%) and reaction time (5, 30, and 60 min). By increasing the conversion yield of free fatty acids to fatty acid methyl esters, density increased while viscosity and refractive index decreased. Optimum reaction conditions were a molar ratio of 1:10 and a catalyst concentration of 3% after 60 min of esterification reaction, while having a 95.74% conversion yield. There was no significant difference between fatty acid methyl esters produced with ohmic-assisted esterification and conventional esterification methods in terms of fatty acid profile, physicochemical and heating properties. Meanwhile, energy consumption by the conventional esterification method was about 25% higher than that of ohmic-assisted esterification. In fact, ohmic-assisted esterification can be considered as a green, cost-effective alternative method for the production of biodiesel from vegetable oil refinery waste.

Catalytic hydrogenation of soybean oil-derived fatty acid methyl esters over Pd supported on Zr-SBA-15 with various Zr loading levels for enhanced oxidative stability

2018 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 422-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chachchaya Thunyaratchatanon ◽  
Apanee Luengnaruemitchai ◽  
Nuwong Chollacoop ◽  
Shih-Yuan Chen ◽  
Yuji Yoshimura
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Catalytic Hydrogenation ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Methyl

scholarly journals Creosote Bush (Larrea tridentata) Extract Assessment as a Green Antioxidant for Biodiesel

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Sagaste ◽  
Gisela Montero ◽  
Marcos A. Coronado ◽  
José R. Ayala ◽  
José Á. León ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Larrea Tridentata ◽  
Creosote Bush ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Acid Methyl

In this work, the antioxidant properties of methanolic extract of Larrea tridentata were assessed through the free radical scavenging method, ferric reducing antioxidant power and oxygen radical absorbance capacity. The phenolic acids content in the extract was quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the total phenol content by the Folin–Ciocalteu method. The extract was used as an antioxidant in biodiesel from canola oil composed mostly by fatty acid methyl esters identified and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS). The performance of the extract as an antioxidant was assessed by the oxidative stability index (OSI) with a Rancimat equipment at 100, 110, 120 and 130 °C. Additionally, the change of the peroxide value (PV) and the higher heating value under conditions of oxidative stress at 100 °C and air injection were measured. The antioxidant capacity of the extract reached 50,000 TAEC (micromole of Trolox antioxidant equivalent capacity per gram). The biodiesel was constituted by more than 70% of unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), mainly methyl oleate. The time needed to reach a PV of 100 meqO2/kg was almost four times longer with an antioxidant concentration of 250 mg/L than the blank. The biodiesel showed an OSI time of 1.25 h at 110 °C, while it increased to 8.8, 15.89 and 32.27 h with the antioxidant at concentrations of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/L, respectively. The methanolic Larrea tridentata extract proved to have an antioxidant capacity and it is a green antioxidant in biodiesel to increase its oxidative stability. According to the results obtained, the L. tridentata methanolic extract is an alternative to the commercial synthetic antioxidants used in biodiesel nowadays.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document