scholarly journals Structural variability of Aleppo pine stands in two forests in northeastern Algeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malika Rached Kanouni ◽  
Insaf Hani ◽  
Ratiba BOUSBA ◽  
Amina Beldjazia ◽  
Hichem KHAMAR
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Aleppo Pine ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Tree Diameter ◽  
Total Height ◽  
Structural Variability ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Northeastern Algeria

Abstract. Rached-Kanouni M, Hani I, Bousba R, Beldjazia A, Khammar H. 2020. Structural variability of Aleppo pine stands in two forests in northeastern Algeria. Biodiversitas 21: 2848-2853. The layout of the stand can be described as the width of the trees, their reciprocal locations, diametric distinction and height. The goal of this study is to recognize changes in the Pinus halepensis spatial and demographic systems in two Beni Oudjana and Chettaba Forests, located in northeast Algeria. An inventory of trees in these forest formations with P. halepensis dominance was carried out based on dendrometric parameters such as total height, tree diameter at dbh ≥ 5 cm, basal area, total volume, etc., as well as the number of trees in the forest. Tree diameter and height measurements were made on 12 rectangular plots (20 m × 20 m), located in both forests. The results obtained show that the mean stand density, mean diameter, basal area and total volume are higher in Chettaba Forest, the values attributed to these parameters are respectively (422 trees/ha, 27.07 cm, 26, 86 m2, 251.63 m3); while the total height and regeneration rate show significantly higher values in Beni Oudjana Forest (18.97 m, 607 individuals/ha). The structure in diameter and height of the species is bell-shaped to asymmetrically positive with a predominance of small diameter individuals in the Chettaba forest. On the other hand, in the Beni Oudjana Forest, the structure is ‘L’ shaped, showing a predominance of very small diameter individuals. These results indicate that the low regeneration rate of P. halepensis in the Chettaba Forest is due to anthropogenic pressures that favor the degradation of this forest.

Characterizing Canopy Fuels to Predict Fire Behavior in Pitch Pine Stands

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Duveneck ◽  
William A. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Fire Behavior ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Crown Fire ◽  
Pinus Rigida ◽  
Canopy Fuels ◽  
Pitch Pine ◽  
Thinning Operations ◽  
Pine Stands

Abstract Destructive sampling of 31 pitch pine (Pinus rigida P. Mill) trees ranging in dbh from 2.7 to 42.5 cm and in height from 4.1 to 23.8 m provided a complete inventory of needles and small-diameter branch weights used to characterize canopy fuels to predict fire behavior in pitch pine stands. Regression equations using dbh as an independent variable predict canopy bulk density with an r2 > 0.93. The results provide managers with a method of evaluating the effectiveness of thinning operations in reducing crown fire potential in well-stocked stands. To demonstrate the application of the method, we calculated the wind speed (Crowning Index [CI]) needed to sustain an active crown fire in thinned and unthinned pitch pine stands in Montague, Massachusetts. Thinning to 2.8 m2/ha basal area increased the CI from 34 to 98 km/hour.

scholarly journals Overstory Effects on the Understory of Aleppo Pine Plantations—Implications for Ecosystem Restoration

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Tartarino ◽  
Roberto Greco ◽  
Joaquim S. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Ecosystem Restoration ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Aleppo Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Mediterranean Countries

At the end of the 19th century and along the first half of the 20th century, public policies in Mediterranean countries and elsewhere in Europe strongly promoted pine afforestation for land reclamation and wood production. In many cases, the transition to native forests, more resilient and more diverse, was also foreseen. This study aims to find the overstory characteristics that are best related to the understory of Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) plantations, to assist ecosystem restoration goals. We installed 33 circular plots in mature Aleppo pine plantations located in the southeastern Salento peninsula, Apulia, Italy. We measured overstory characteristics and the corresponding understory on these plots. We assessed the effects of overstory variables on understory development (plant density, plant height, and the Magini regeneration index) and diversity (species richness and the Shannon–Wiener index) using linear mixed models (LMM). Understory development and diversity were positively correlated with the Hart–Becking spacing index and negatively correlated with basal area and canopy cover, the three overstory variables that best explained variance. We used polynomial fitting and the subsequent derivation of these functions to determine the values of the Hart–Becking index and of the canopy cover that corresponded to the maximum development (33.7% and 84.6%, respectively) and diversity (32.6% and 86.5%, respectively) of the understory. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that late-successional species, including Quercus coccifera, were associated with higher levels of understory development and stand spacing. These results may assist in the restoration of native ecosystems in Aleppo pine plantations installed in similar ecological conditions.

scholarly journals TYPOLOGY, PRODUCTIVITY AND DYNAMICS OF ALEPPO PINE STANDS IN THE OUARSENIS MASSIF (ALGERIA)

AGROFOR ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed SARMOUM ◽  
Rafael NAVARRO-CIRRILLO ◽  
Frederic GUIBAL ◽  
Fatiha ABDOUN
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Aleppo Pine ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Wood Production ◽  
Silvicultural Management ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Semi Arid

Aleppo pine is the most important forest species in Algeria. This species has been used for a long time in reforestation programs, notably the “green dam” planted in the 1970s. Despite this importance, the Aleppo pine continues to undergo all kinds of degradation such as land clearing, illegal cutting and fire. This situation is causing reduction of potential wood production, also jeopardizing the vitality of the stands and their regeneration. This work aims to describe the typology, productivity and dynamics of Aleppo pine stands in the Ouarsenis massif (West of Algeria). 27 plots were installed to describe the stands (composition of forest species, dbh , total height, and basal area). Regeneration was estimated by the rate of juvenile individuals (dbh5cm). The results obtained shows that the Aleppo pine develops different conditions for altitude, climate and type of soil. These conditions have a direct influence on the structure of the Aleppo pine and its productivity. The best populations develop on an average altitude (500 to 1400 m), in subhumid and semi-arid climates, on southern exposures and on limestone soils. The stands are mostly young (age 70 years) with good natural regeneration. These results put focus on the factors of degradation of the Aleppo pine, in particular the recurring fires and the lack of silvicultural management which application can improve the productivity and the vitality of the stands.

POST-FIRE VEGETATION DYNAMICS IN A NATIVE PINUS HALEPENSIS MILL. FOREST ON MT. CARMEL, ISRAEL

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Schiller ◽  
Gidi Ne'eman ◽  
Leonid Korol
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Fire History ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Aleppo Pine ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Successional Stage ◽  
Plant Life Forms ◽  
Pine Stands

Israel's largest naturalPinus halepensisMill. forest is on the Mt. Carmel range and belongs to the distinct East Mediterranean genetic group. Most of this forest is the result of invasion of abandoned fields and grazing lands, resulting in a heterogeneous pine forest with an understory of broad-leaf shrubs and trees. Species composition, vegetation cover, pine-stand structure, and pine genetic diversity of plots in sites of known fire history, burned 5, 11, and 20 years ago, were studied with adjacent unburned sites forming a chronosequence.Except for annual species, no species replacement took place during post-fire succession. The main observed changes were in the cover of species and of plant life forms. The ratio of tree/dwarf-shrub cover was found to be linearly related to the number of years elapsed since the last fire. Therefore, this ratio could serve as an index to determine the successional stage of Aleppo pine stands with unknown fire history. It is estimated that 30–40 years are needed for full recovery of Aleppo pine stands after fire, depending upon site quality. The stands of post-fire regeneration are of uniform age and are less variable in their structure than unburned stands. The genetic distance among the variousPinus halepensissubpopulations was found to be very small; most of the genetic variability was due to within-subpopulations variability, with almost no variability among subpopulations. Alleles that are typical of West MediterraneanP. halepensispopulations or ofP. brutia, were found in two post-fire subpopulations (stands), indicating pre-fire cross pollination between nativePinus halepensistrees and trees in adjacent pine plantations of foreign origin.The conclusion is that fire has little effect on species composition and on vegetation structure, but that it alters the Aleppo pine stand structure.

Tree ring to climate relationships of Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) in Greece

2001 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Papadopoulos ◽  
Françoise Serre-Bachet ◽  
Lucien Tessier
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Aleppo Pine

Guidelines for choosing volume equations in the presence of measurement error in height

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Williams ◽  
H T Schreuder
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Tree Diameter ◽  
Total Height ◽  
Volume Equations

Assuming volume equations with multiplicative errors, we derive simple conditions for determining when measurement error in total height is large enough that only using tree diameter, rather than both diameter and height, is more reliable for predicting tree volumes. Based on data for different tree species of excurrent form, we conclude that measurement errors up to ±40% of the true height can be tolerated before inclusion of estimated height in volume prediction is no longer warranted.

scholarly journals TREE DIAMETER GROWTH FOLLOWING SILVICULTURAL TREATMENTS IN A SEMI-DECIDUOUS SECONDARY FOREST IN CENTRAL BRAZIL

CERNE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Venturoli ◽  
Augusto César Franco ◽  
Christopher William Fagg
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Tree Diameter ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments ◽  
Timber Market

In the Cerrado biome of Brazil, savannas and dry forests are intimately linked and form mosaics. These forests are composed of species of high commercial value, well accepted in the timber market, which causes intensive deforestation on the remaining vegetation. Thus, the management of these forests is an important alternative to reduce deforestation in the remaining vegetation. The objective of this study was to analyze the response of tree species in relation to silvicultural treatments of competition and liana cutting in a semi-deciduous forest in Central Brazil. The results showed that community basal area increased 24% over 4.8 years and the median periodic annual increment in diameter was about 20% higher in plots with silvicultural treatments: 2.9 mm.yr-1 in the control compared to 3.2 mm.yr-1 to 3.6 mm.yr-1 between treatments. This study demonstrated that it is possible to increase the rates of radial growth through silvicultural techniques.

Frost hardening and resistance in three Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) provenances

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-186
Author(s):  
ELENA PAOLETTI ◽  
ROBERTO CALAMASSI ◽  
SARA STRATI
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Aleppo Pine ◽  
Frost Hardening

scholarly journals Wood Loss Assessment in Forest of Sal (Shorea robusta) by Heart Rot of Central Terai of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shankar Tripathi ◽  
Yojana Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Calculation Formula ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Volume Calculation ◽  
Tree Diameter ◽  
Total Height ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Management Modality

A significant volume of wood was lost due to wood defects; however, few studies were done to quantify wood loss by wood defects. This study was focused on quantifying wood loss by heart rot, especially hollowness in Shorea robusta. The study was conducted in Tileswornath community forest of Rautahat district. The data were collected from the felling site of the regeneration felling block of Tileswornath community forest. 44 trees were selected randomly, and tree diameter, total height, and volume were measured. The destructive method was followed as heart rot cannot be visible from the surface. Felled trees were sanctioned into 285 logs and separated based on the hollowness. Hollow diameters at both thin end and mid and thick end, as well as length, were measured on the hollow log, and Smalian’s formula was used to calculate the volume of hollowed portion, and volume calculation formula for the cylinder was used to calculate total volume. For the solid logs, mid diameter and length of the log were measured and volume calculation formula for the cylinder was used to calculate total volume. Logistic regression was performed to identify the relation of total height and diameter with the probability of hollowness presence. The study showed that 59% of sampled trees and 34.39% of logs were found to be hollowed due to heart rot. 41.79% volume was occupied by hollow on the hollowed log. Logistic regression discards the relation of height to the hollowness but signified the relation of diameter to the probability of hollowness presence. Before implementation of scientific forest management modality, the timber retained in stump per tree was found as 0.18 cubic feet.

scholarly journals Mid-Term Effects of Forest Thinning on N Mineralization in a Semi-Arid Aleppo Pine Forest

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1470
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Bautista ◽  
Luis Lado-Monserrat ◽  
Cristina Lull ◽  
Antonio Lidón
Keyword(s):  
N Mineralization ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Net N Mineralization ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments ◽  
Randomized Block Design

In order to assess the sustainability of silvicultural treatments in semiarid forests, it is necessary to know how they affect the nutrient dynamics in the forest. The objective of this paper is to study the effects of silvicultural treatments on the net N mineralization and the available mineral N content in the soil after 13 years following forest clearings. The treatments were carried out following a randomized block design, with four treatments and two blocks. The distance between the two blocks was less than 3 km; they were located in Chelva (CH) and Tuéjar (TU) in Valencia, Spain. Within each block, four experimental clearing treatments were carried out in 1998: T0 control; and T60, T75 and T100 where 60%, 75% and 100 of basal area was eliminated, respectively. Nitrogen dynamics were measured using the resin tube technique, with disturbed samples due to the high stoniness of the plots. Thirteen years after the experimental clearings, T100, T75 and T60 treatments showed a twofold increase in the net mineralization and nitrification rates with respect to T0 in both blocks (TU and CH). Within the plots, the highest mineralization was found in sites with no plant cover followed by those covered by undergrowth. These results can be explained in terms of the different litterfall qualities, which in turn are the result of the proportion of material originating from Pinus halepensis Mill. vs. more decomposable undergrowth residues.

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