scholarly journals Community structure analysis of soil insects and their potential role as bioindicators in various ecosystem types in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Immy Rohyani
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Energy Flow ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Soil Insects ◽  
High Level

Abstract. Rohyani IS. 2020. Community structure analysis of soil insects and their potential role as bioindicators in various ecosystem types in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4221-4227. Various types of ecosystems can be found in Lombok, with the dominant ecosystems are natural forest, mangrove, mixed garden, rice field, and mining. These ecosystems have a high level of biodiversity and unique flora and fauna communities, including soil insects that partake in the process of ecosystem energy flow. This study aimed to analyze the community structure of soil insects and their potential role as bioindicators in five types of dominant and unique ecosystems in Lombok island. The data collection was done using pitfall traps, yellow pan traps, baited pitfall traps, soil sampling, and litter collection. The findings revealed that there are 60,439 individuals, 79 families, and 16 orders of insects in various types of ecosystems. Diversity ​​(H') and evenness (E) index values ​​for family level in all ecosystem types are low on average (H'=0.76 and E=0.10). Cerambycidae (Coleoptera), Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera), and Cicindelidae (Coleoptera) are a potential bioindicator in the forest, in the mangrove, and in the rice field ecosystems, respectively. However, the potential bioindicator could not be found since the distribution of the family is almost even in the garden ecosystem. The Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera) and the Acroceridae (Diptera) are soil insects with relatively high abundance and are found only in the mining ecosystems.

scholarly journals Diversity of ants and mites in the diet of the Brazilian frog Chiasmocleis leucosticta (Anura: Microhylidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana S. Lopes ◽  
Ricardo S. Bovendorp ◽  
Gilberto José de Moraes ◽  
Alexandre Reis Percequillo ◽  
Jaime Bertoluci
Keyword(s):  
Diet Composition ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Prey Category ◽  
Food Items ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract We describe here the diet of the microhylid frog Chiasmocleis leucosticta based on the stomach contents of 72 individuals (47 males and 25 females) collected in pitfall traps at the Reserva Florestal de Morro Grande, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. We identified 1,981 food items distributed in 13 prey categories of arthropods, mainly ants, mites and collembolans. Formicidae was the most abundant and frequent prey category, including 16 genera from seven subfamilies, and data on ant availability in the habitat suggest that C. leucosticta selects ants actively. The second main prey category was Acari, predominantly represented by mites of the suborder Oribatida. This is the first work identifying mites to the family level in the diet of a Microhylidae. There was no statistical difference between males and females regarding diet composition.

scholarly journals On the use of high-level taxonomic names

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2867 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. BLAIR HEDGES
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Group Content ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Strict Priority

Asher & Helgen (2010) recently proposed some rules for naming animal taxa above the family level—names that are currently unregulated. They suggested that strict priority be used as a criterion for high-level names and that such priority be based on group content rather than the procedure used for low-level taxa, anchored to constituent taxa. Authorship of a high-level name thus may vary in a complex way depending on content. While it is true that taxonomic codes are always in need of improvement, the lack of regulation of high-level names has not caused major problems. Originality, priority, stability, and other common sense considerations usually come to play in a process that can be described as community consensus. Their proposed system would lead to less stability because names would lack both permanent anchors (e.g., types) and permanent authors, and would be based on something (group content) susceptible to change with time. Furthermore, name selection may frequently conflict with common usage, leading to confusion  and instability. An example of the problems with these rules is their preferred name for the order containing tenrecs and golden moles, Tenrecoidea, which has a long history of different meanings (content). Instead, the most commonly used name, Afrosoricida, is also preferred because it does not have that confusing history and has a more typical suffix (-a) for a mammalian order. 

scholarly journals 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing of Bagworm Metisa plana Walker (Lepidoptera: Psychidae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Chung Jie Ting ◽  
Cik Mohd Rizuan ZAINAL ABIDIN ◽  
Noor Hisham HAMID ◽  
Ghows Azzam ◽  
Hasber Salim
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Outbreak Area ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Late Instar ◽  
Early Instar

The bagworm Metisa plana is one of the major pests in the oil palm plantation in Malaysia, with infestation that results in huge economical loss. Currently, the exact cause of the infestation is still undetermined. Studying the bacterial community of M. plana could provide insight on the problem as the bacteria associated with insects often provide numerous benefits to the insect itself. Using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, the study was conducted to compare the composition of the bacterial communities of two larval stages (early instar stage and late instar stage) from outbreak area, as well as comparing the late instar stage larvae from non-outbreak and outbreak areas. Generally, the bacterial community was dominated by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria phyla while the Enterobacteriaceae was found to be the dominant family. When comparing between the early and late instar stage, Proteobacteria phylum was found to be more abundant in the late instar stage (82.36%) than in the early instar stage (82.28%). At the family level, the Enterobacteriaceae was slightly more abundant in late instar stage (75.46%) than in early instar stage (75.29%). The instar stage was observed to have no significant impact on the bacterial variability and showed similar bacterial community structure. When comparing between the non-outbreak area and outbreak, Proteobacteria was significantly more abundant in the outbreak area (82.02%) than in the non-outbreak area (20.57%). However, Actinobacteria was significantly more abundant in the non-outbreak area (76.29%) than in the outbreak area (14.16%). At the family level, Enterobacteriaceae was more abundant in outbreak area (75.41%) than in non-outbreak area (11.67%). Microbacteriaceae was observed to be more abundant in the non-outbreak area (70.87%) than in the outbreak area (12.47%). Although the result showed no significant difference in bacterial variability between different areas, it the bacterial community structure was significantly different.

scholarly journals Subsoil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in arable soil differ from those in topsoil

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moisés A. Sosa-Hernández ◽  
Julien Roy ◽  
Stefan Hempel ◽  
Timo Kautz ◽  
Ulrich Köpke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Amf Communities ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal

AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are recognized as important drivers of plant health and productivity in agriculture but very often existing knowledge is limited to the topsoil. With growing interest in the role of subsoil in sustainable agriculture, we used high-throughput Illumina sequencing on a set of samples encompassing drilosphere, rhizosphere and bulk soil, in both top- and subsoil. Our results show subsoil AMF communities harbor unique Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) and that both soil depths differ in community structure both at the OTU and family level. Our results emphasize the distinctness of subsoil AMF communities and the potential role of subsoil as a biodiversity reservoir.

scholarly journals Comparison of coleopteran fauna in olive orchards under different production systems in the Messara’s valley, on Crete island, Greece

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
I. Tzokas ◽  
Z. Liantraki ◽  
D. Kollaros
Keyword(s):  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Production System ◽  
Management System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Agricultural Management ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Crete Island ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level

In this study the results of the captured Coleoptera in pitfall traps in nine olive orchards in the valley of Messara, on Crete Island, were compared. The liquid used for killing and preservation in the pitfall traps, was propylene glycol. The nine olive orchards were distributed in four areas in the valley. In each area there were at least two olive orchards under different agricultural  management system, organic and conventional. The experiments were conducted from October 2004 to April 2005. The number of captured Coleoptera specimens was 4,937. The specimens were identified to the family level. Coleoptera from 25 families were found, but the analysis was focused at eleven of them, the richest in specimens. These were: Anthicidae, Carabidae, Chrysomelidae, Curculionidae, Histeridae, Leiodidae, Scarabaeidae, Silphidae, Silvanidae, Staphylinidae and Tenebrionidae. Staphylinidae were the most abundant in all olive orchards independently of the agricultural management (production system). In the other families instead of differences amongst the different systems of agricultural management, more prominent were the differences amongst areas.

THE ESTIMATION OF BACTERIA MAT AND METHANE PLUME FORMATION TREND BY COMMUNITY STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF METHANE RELATED ARCHAEA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takumi Imajo ◽  
◽  
Takeshi Kobayashi ◽  
Takeshi Terahara ◽  
Chiaki Imada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Structure Analysis

scholarly journals Influence of Pre-Sowing Operations on Soil-Dwelling Fauna in Soybean Cultivation

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 474
Author(s):  
Darija Lemic ◽  
Ivana Pajač Živković ◽  
Marija Posarić ◽  
Renata Bažok
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Soil Fauna ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Beneficial Insects ◽  
The Family ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Natural Equilibrium ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different pre-sowing operations on the abundance and composition of total soil fauna in soybean cultivation, with special attention to carabids as biological indicators of agroecosystem quality. The study was conducted in central Croatia with six different pre-sowing activities (cover crop, mulching, ploughing, glyphosate, fertiliser removal, conventional tillage). Pitfall traps were used to collect soil fauna in April, June and September. After determining the abundance and composition of the fauna, their coenological characteristics were calculated and statistical analysis was performed. During the study, 7836 individuals of soil fauna were collected. The composition consisted of 84% beneficial, 8% harmful and 8% indifferent fauna. Class Insecta was the most numerous with a proportion of 56%, with most members of the family Carabidae (1622 individuals), followed by the class Arachnida (40%). The number of fauna collected was influenced by the interaction between pre-seeding intervention and sampling date. Pre-seeding interventions that did not involve soil activities did not affect the number and composition of soil fauna at the beginning of vegetation. Mechanical interventions in the soil and warmer and drier weather have a negative effect on the number and composition of soil fauna. As the season progresses, the influence of pre-sowing activities on soil fauna in soybean crops decreases. It seems that a reduction in mechanical activities in the shallow seed layer of the soil has a positive effect on species richness or diversity. Of particular note is the large proportion of beneficial insects that currently colonise the study area, characterising soil richness and stable natural equilibrium.

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