Total, cold and hot water extractable organic carbon in soil profile: impact of land-use change

Limited research exists on legacy effects of land application of feedlot manure on accumulation, redistribution, and leaching potential of water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC) in soil profiles. We sampled a clay loam soil at six depths (0–1.50 m) 2 yr after the last application (2014) of 17 continuous annual manure applications (since 1998). The amendment treatments were stockpiled (SM) or composted (CM) feedlot manure containing straw (ST) or wood-chip (WD) bedding at three application rates (13, 39, and 77 Mg ha−1dry basis). There was also an unamended control (CON) and inorganic fertilizer (IN) treatment. The soil samples were analyzed for concentrations of WEOC. The total mass or accumulation of WEOC in the soil profile was greater (P ≤ 0.05) by 1.2–3.3 times for the CM-ST-77 treatment than 12 of 14 other treatments, and it was significantly greater for amended than CON or IN treatments. The total WEOC mass was 14%–20% greater for CM-ST than CM-WD, SM-ST, and SM-WD treatments, and it was 16%–22% greater for CM than SM at the 39 and 77 Mg ha−1rates. The 77 Mg ha−1rate of the four manure type-bedding treatments had the significantly greatest (by 37%–527%) concentrations of WEOC at the six depths compared with other treatments, suggesting greater redistribution and leaching potential. Significant manure effects occurred on soil WEOC 2 yr after the manure was last applied following 17 continuous applications, and it indicated an increased risk of leaching potential at the higher application rate.

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Redistribution of Different Organic Carbon Fractions in the Soil Profile of a Typical Chinese Mollisol with Land-Use Change

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis ◽

10.1080/00103624.2017.1358741 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (20) ◽

pp. 2369-2380 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xiangxiang Hao ◽

Mengyang You ◽

Xiaozeng Han ◽

Haibo Li ◽

Wenxiu Zou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Soil Profile ◽

Carbon Fractions ◽

Organic Carbon Fractions

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Dynamics of soil organic carbon in the steppes of Russia and Kazakhstan under past and future climate and land use

Regional Environmental Change ◽

10.1007/s10113-021-01799-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Susanne Rolinski ◽

Alexander V. Prishchepov ◽

Georg Guggenberger ◽

Norbert Bischoff ◽

Irina Kurganova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Land Use ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Arable Land ◽

Future Climate ◽

Future Climate Change ◽

Climate Scenarios ◽

The Impact

AbstractChanges in land use and climate are the main drivers of change in soil organic matter contents. We investigated the impact of the largest policy-induced land conversion to arable land, the Virgin Lands Campaign (VLC), from 1954 to 1963, of the massive cropland abandonment after 1990 and of climate change on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in steppes of Russia and Kazakhstan. We simulated carbon budgets from the pre-VLC period (1900) until 2100 using a dynamic vegetation model to assess the impacts of observed land-use change as well as future climate and land-use change scenarios. The simulations suggest for the entire VLC region (266 million hectares) that the historic cropland expansion resulted in emissions of 1.6⋅ 1015 g (= 1.6 Pg) carbon between 1950 and 1965 compared to 0.6 Pg in a scenario without the expansion. From 1990 to 2100, climate change alone is projected to cause emissions of about 1.8 (± 1.1) Pg carbon. Hypothetical recultivation of the cropland that has been abandoned after the fall of the Soviet Union until 2050 may cause emissions of 3.5 (± 0.9) Pg carbon until 2100, whereas the abandonment of all cropland until 2050 would lead to sequestration of 1.8 (± 1.2) Pg carbon. For the climate scenarios based on SRES (Special Report on Emission Scenarios) emission pathways, SOC declined only moderately for constant land use but substantially with further cropland expansion. The variation of SOC in response to the climate scenarios was smaller than that in response to the land-use scenarios. This suggests that the effects of land-use change on SOC dynamics may become as relevant as those of future climate change in the Eurasian steppes.

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Spatial and temporal patterns of water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC) of surface mineral soil in a cool temperate forest ecosystem

Soil Biology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.04.030 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 36 (11) ◽

pp. 1731-1737 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Takuo Hishi ◽

Muneto Hirobe ◽

Ryunosuke Tateno ◽

Hiroshi Takeda

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Temperate Forest ◽

Mineral Soil ◽

Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽

Cool Temperate ◽

Water Extractable Organic Carbon ◽

Cool Temperate Forest ◽

Surface Mineral ◽

Temperate Forest Ecosystem ◽

Water Extractable

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Deforestation in Amazonia impacts riverine carbon dynamics

Earth System Dynamics ◽

10.5194/esd-7-953-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 953-968 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fanny Langerwisch ◽

Ariane Walz ◽

Anja Rammig ◽

Britta Tietjen ◽

Kirsten Thonicke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Atlantic Ocean ◽

Amazon Basin ◽

Inorganic Carbon ◽

Carbon Dynamics ◽

Model System ◽

Atmospheric Co2 ◽

Terrestrial Productivity

Abstract. Fluxes of organic and inorganic carbon within the Amazon basin are considerably controlled by annual flooding, which triggers the export of terrigenous organic material to the river and ultimately to the Atlantic Ocean. The amount of carbon imported to the river and the further conversion, transport and export of it depend on temperature, atmospheric CO2, terrestrial productivity and carbon storage, as well as discharge. Both terrestrial productivity and discharge are influenced by climate and land use change. The coupled LPJmL and RivCM model system (Langerwisch et al., 2016) has been applied to assess the combined impacts of climate and land use change on the Amazon riverine carbon dynamics. Vegetation dynamics (in LPJmL) as well as export and conversion of terrigenous carbon to and within the river (RivCM) are included. The model system has been applied for the years 1901 to 2099 under two deforestation scenarios and with climate forcing of three SRES emission scenarios, each for five climate models. We find that high deforestation (business-as-usual scenario) will strongly decrease (locally by up to 90 %) riverine particulate and dissolved organic carbon amount until the end of the current century. At the same time, increase in discharge leaves net carbon transport during the first decades of the century roughly unchanged only if a sufficient area is still forested. After 2050 the amount of transported carbon will decrease drastically. In contrast to that, increased temperature and atmospheric CO2 concentration determine the amount of riverine inorganic carbon stored in the Amazon basin. Higher atmospheric CO2 concentrations increase riverine inorganic carbon amount by up to 20 % (SRES A2). The changes in riverine carbon fluxes have direct effects on carbon export, either to the atmosphere via outgassing or to the Atlantic Ocean via discharge. The outgassed carbon will increase slightly in the Amazon basin, but can be regionally reduced by up to 60 % due to deforestation. The discharge of organic carbon to the ocean will be reduced by about 40 % under the most severe deforestation and climate change scenario. These changes would have local and regional consequences on the carbon balance and habitat characteristics in the Amazon basin itself as well as in the adjacent Atlantic Ocean.

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Assessment on the rates and potentials of soil organic carbon sequestration in agricultural lands in Japan using a process-based model and spatially explicit land-use change inventories – Part 1: Historical trend and validation based on nation-wide soil monitoring

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-11-4429-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (16) ◽

pp. 4429-4442 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Y. Yagasaki ◽

Y. Shirato

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Paddy Fields ◽

Spatially Explicit ◽

Crop Fields ◽

Upland Crop ◽

Soc Stock ◽

Stock Change ◽

Soc Stocks

Abstract. In order to estimate a country-scale soil organic carbon (SOC) stock change in agricultural lands in Japan, while taking into account the effect of land-use changes, climate, different agricultural activities and the nature of soils, a spatially explicit model simulation system was developed using Rothamsted Carbon Model (RothC) with an integration of spatial and temporal inventories. Simulation was run from 1970 to 2008 with historical inventories. Simulated SOC stock was compared with observations in a nation-wide stationary monitoring program conducted during 1979–1998. Historical land-use change, characterized by a large decline in the area of paddy fields as well as a small but continuous decline in the area of orchards, occurred along with a relatively large increase in upland crop fields, unmanaged grasslands, and settlements (i.e. conversion of agricultural fields due to urbanization or abandoning). Results of the simulation on SOC stock change under varying land-use change indicated that land-use conversion from agricultural fields to settlements or other lands, as well as that from paddy fields to croplands have likely been an increasing source of CO2 emission, due to the reduction of organic carbon input to soils and the enhancement of SOC decomposition through transition of soil environment from anaerobic to aerobic conditions. The area-weighted mean concentrations of the simulated SOC stocks calculated for major soil groups under paddy fields and upland crop fields were comparable to those observed in the monitoring. Whereas in orchards, the simulated SOC stocks were underestimated. As the results of simulation indicated that SOC stock change under managed grasslands and settlements has been likely a major sink and source of CO2 emission at country-scale, respectively, validation of SOC stock change under these land-use types, which could not have been accomplished due to limited availability or a lack of measurement, remains a forthcoming challenge.

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Soil Organic Carbon and Labile Carbon Pools Attributed by Tillage, Crop Residue and Crop Rotation Management in Sweet Sorghum Cropping System

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12229782 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (22) ◽

pp. 9782

Author(s):

Mashapa Elvis Malobane ◽

Adornis Dakarai Nciizah ◽

Fhatuwani Nixwell Mudau ◽

Isaiah Iguna Chabaari Wakindiki

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Quality ◽

Sweet Sorghum ◽

Crop Residue ◽

Cropping System ◽

Water Extractable Organic Carbon ◽

Water Extractable ◽

Residue Retention

Labile organic carbon (LOC) fractions are considered as sensitive indicators of change in soil quality and can serve as proxies for soil organic carbon (SOC). Although the impact of tillage, crop rotation and crop residue management on soil quality is well known, less is known about LOC and SOC dynamics in the sweet sorghum production systems in South Africa. This short-term study tested two tillage levels: no-till and conventional-tillage, two crop rotations: sweet-sorghum/winter grazing vetch/sweet sorghum and sweet-sorghum/winter fallow/sweet sorghum rotations and three crop residue retention levels: 30%, 15% and 0%. Tillage was the main factor to influence SOC and LOC fractions under the sweet sorghum cropping system in South Africa. NT increased SOC and all LOC fractions compared to CT, which concurs with previous findings. Cold water extractable organic carbon (CWEOC) and hot water extractable organic carbon (HWEOC) were found to be more sensitive to tillage and strongly positively correlated to SOC. An increase in residue retention led to an increase in microbial biomass carbon (MBC). This study concludes that CWEOC and HWEOC can serve as sensitive early indicators of change in soil quality and are an ideal proxy for SOC in the sweet-sorghum cropping system in South Africa.

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