scholarly journals Authentizität – diskursives Wertkonzept und wissenschaftliche Kategorie

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 89-104
Author(s):  
Heidrun Kämper
Keyword(s):  
Public Discourse ◽  
The Other ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
Functional Difference ◽  
Language History ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Language Data ◽  
Historical Authenticity ◽  
The One

The authentic as a category of description and value is on the one hand an element of public discourse in order to constitute authenticity and truthfulness in various everyday contexts, on the other hand represents a central object of cultural studies. The functional difference in use resulting from this diversity of the concept is included in the following contribution, which is on the one hand in the context of the research network “Historical Authenticity” of the Leibniz Scientific Association. On the other hand, the considerations are derived from a planned research project on a linguistic social history 1933 to 1945. Newer developments in use and changes in the semantic structure of authentic and the word family are reconstructed in order to answer the question of authenticity as a social construct. On the basis of this finding on the general use of authentic/authenticity, considerations follow, concerning the handling of such language data in the context of language history writing, which are not authentic in the strict sense, i. e. genuine and original. It is about the predicate “authentic” in terms of language data. More precisely, the category “authentic” is placed as a valuation term in the context of language history with the question: What is an authentic language date?

Das Zustandspassiv – Pragmatische Beschränkungen und Regelkonflikte

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Welke
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
Past Time ◽  
Target State ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Opposite Process ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One

AbstractIn constructions of copula + participle II, often called “Zustandspassiv”, we find many unclear restrictions. Maienborn (2007: 83-115) explains these by pragmatics in the following way: One invariant meaning is opposed to different pragmatic readings that are gaining their existence in the pragmatic level only. We explain these restrictions in semantics itself. Restrictions in forming copula + participle II-constructions are due to conflicts between the construction meaning of copula constructions and the construction meanings of participles II. Pragmatics is mediating between the conflicting construction meanings by means of pragmatic implicatures. Due to these accommodations nearly no copula + participle construction is grammatically wrong in a strict sense, but many constructions remain restricted in their acceptability. The construction meaning of Zustandspassiv is opposed to three meaning variants of participle II. The interplay between the construction meaning of copula constructions and the three meaning variants of participles II results in different accomodations between copula-constructions and participle meanings. In some cases participle meanings adapt to copula construction meanings, in other cases the opposite process is going on. On the one hand the construction meaning of copula construction is the predication of a property to the referent of the subject. On the other hand there are a post state (target state) meaning, a present state meaning and a past time meaning of particples II. The interplay with the construction meaning of the copula construction results in four meaning variants of Zustandspassiv: post state (target state) as a property, present state as a property, past time of an event as a property, and past time meaning only. The meaning ‘past time of an event as a property’ is grammaticalizing to a past

Is the Institution of Private Property Part of the Natural Law? Ius gentium and ius naturale in Aquinas’s Account of the Right to “Steal” When in Urgent Need

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 189-210
Author(s):  
Francis Feingold ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Law ◽  
Private Property ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Human Use ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ius Gentium

Is the institution of private property part of the natural law? Leo XIII seems to say simply that it is, and many modern Catholic thinkers have followed suit. Aquinas presents a more nuanced view. On the one hand, he denies that the institution of private property is “natural” in the strict sense—unlike the ordering of physical goods to general human use. On the other hand, he maintains that private property does belong to the ius gentium, which is founded directly upon natural law in the strict sense. I argue that this relegation of private property to the ius gentium is necessary in order for Aquinas to coherently maintain that it is licit to “steal” when in dire need, but that this relegation nonetheless does not deprive private property of the kind of “natural” character which Leo XIII ascribes to it.

From Chatbots to Dialog Systems

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Klüwer
Keyword(s):  
Computational Linguistics ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dialog Systems ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Main Disadvantage ◽  
Language Data ◽  
The One

This chapter provides an overview of the technologies used for chatbots on the one hand and research dialog systems on the other hand. By comparing the two, the main disadvantage of chatbots is shown: its dependency on huge amounts of inflexible language data. Methods originating from Computational Linguistics, which are frequently used in dialog systems, can provide a solution by offering further flexibility to the language processing part of the system.

scholarly journals A dynamical-systems approach to the evolution of morphonotactic and lexical consonant clusters in English and Polish

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Baumann ◽  
Kamil Kaźmierski
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Consonant Clusters ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Signaling Function ◽  
Language Data ◽  
The One

Abstract Consonant clusters appear either lexically within morphemes or morphonotactically across morpheme boundaries. According to extant theories, their diachronic dynamics are suggested to be determined by analogical effects on the one hand as well as by their morphological signaling function on the other hand. This paper presents a mathematical model which allows for an investigation of the interaction of these two forces and the resulting diachronic dynamics. The model is tested against synchronic and diachronic language data. It is shown that the evolutionary dynamics of the cluster inventory crucially depend on how the signaling function of morphonotactic clusters is compromised by the presence of lexical items containing their morpheme internal counterparts.

scholarly journals PASSIVE IN WESTERN MANSI

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-131
Author(s):  
Анна Юрьевна Урманчиева ◽  
Владимир Александрович Плунгян
Keyword(s):  
Information Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
Passive Voice ◽  
Primary Function ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Main Protagonist

Данная работа открывает серию статей, в которых проводится сопоставительное изучение употребления пассивных форм в диалектах мансийского языка. В мансийском языке (обско-угорские угорские уральские) выделяется несколько диалектных групп: северная (по рекам Сосьва, Ляпин и по верхнему течению р. Лозьва), южная (по р. Тавда), восточная (по р. Конда) и западная (по рекам Пелым и Вагиль и по реке Лозьва в ее среднем и нижнем течении). Южные и западные диалекты исчезли уже в начале XX века, восточные просуществовали несколько дольше, приблизительно до середины прошлого столетия; в настоящее время сохраняются только мансийские идиомы северной диалектной группы. Сравнение функций одних и тех же грамматических форм в разных вариантах многодиалектного языка в перспективе позволит реконструировать картину диалектной дивергенции мансийского: во-первых, определить междиалектные связи, во вторых, установить возможные сепаратные внешние связи того или иного локального варианта, которые привели к изменению функционирования определенных грамматических форм. Исследование проводилось прежде всего на материале мансийского корпуса проектов “Ob-Ugric languages” и “Ob-Ugric database” (http://www.babel.gwi.uni-muenchen.de/). The paper describes the following aspects of the use of passive forms in Western Mansi narratives: — grammatical semantics of forms with passive morphology (passive in a strict sense, impersonal constructions, adversative, ...); — information structure of passive utterances; — pragmatic conditions for choosing between active and passive voice. On the one hand, in Western Mansi arose a specific correlation between different functions of passive with different communicative structures: — the passive in a strict sense, like the adversative, is used only with a topical object; — the adversative can be used with a topical as well as with a focal subject, whereas the passive — only with a topical one; — the adversative developed a special discursive function: the introduction of a new (focal) subject into the narrative; On the other hand, the passive in a strict sense, whose primary function is a ranking of topics according to their communicative salience, is used in Western Mansi narratives almost automatically. It is used to promote the only one patientive argument — only the main protagonist of a story. This means that speakers do not use passive voice to rank topics; rather they choose a passive form depending on an already predetermined rank.

Stories and the Self

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Markus Appel
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Contrast Effects ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Abstract. Two experiments examined the influence of stories on recipients’ self-perceptions. Extending prior theory and research, our focus was on assimilation effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in line with a protagonist’s traits) as well as on contrast effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in contrast to a protagonist’s traits). In Experiment 1 ( N = 113), implicit and explicit conscientiousness were assessed after participants read a story about either a diligent or a negligent student. Moderation analyses showed that highly transported participants and participants with lower counterarguing scores assimilate the depicted traits of a story protagonist, as indicated by explicit, self-reported conscientiousness ratings. Participants, who were more critical toward a story (i.e., higher counterarguing) and with a lower degree of transportation, showed contrast effects. In Experiment 2 ( N = 103), we manipulated transportation and counterarguing, but we could not identify an effect on participants’ self-ascribed level of conscientiousness. A mini meta-analysis across both experiments revealed significant positive overall associations between transportation and counterarguing on the one hand and story-consistent self-reported conscientiousness on the other hand.

Radioimmunotherapy for treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndrome

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (03) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
R. G. Meyer ◽  
W. Herr ◽  
A. Helisch ◽  
P. Bartenstein ◽  
I. Buchmann
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Primary Tumour ◽  
The Other ◽  
Haematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Primary Reduction ◽  
The One ◽  
Acute Myeloid

SummaryThe prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) has improved considerably by introduction of aggressive consolidation chemotherapy and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Nevertheless, only 20-30% of patients with AML achieve long-term diseasefree survival after SCT. The most common cause of treatment failure is relapse. Additionally, mortality rates are significantly increased by therapy-related causes such as toxicity of chemotherapy and complications of SCT. Including radioimmunotherapies in the treatment of AML and myelodyplastic syndrome (MDS) allows for the achievement of a pronounced antileukaemic effect for the reduction of relapse rates on the one hand. On the other hand, no increase of acute toxicity and later complications should be induced. These effects are important for the primary reduction of tumour cells as well as for the myeloablative conditioning before SCT.This paper provides a systematic and critical review of the currently used radionuclides and immunoconjugates for the treatment of AML and MDS and summarizes the literature on primary tumour cell reductive radioimmunotherapies on the one hand and conditioning radioimmunotherapies before SCT on the other hand.

The Salvage of Ideas: Schumpeter and the Core Problems Still Confronting Economics

2003 ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
P. Wynarczyk
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Core ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

Two aspects of Schumpeter' legacy are analyzed in the article. On the one hand, he can be viewed as the custodian of the neoclassical harvest supplementing to its stock of inherited knowledge. On the other hand, the innovative character of his works is emphasized that allows to consider him a proponent of hetherodoxy. It is stressed that Schumpeter's revolutionary challenge can lead to radical changes in modern economics.

Pembaharuan Pesantren: Arah dan Implikasi

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-84
Author(s):  
Wahyudin Noor
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Technology Learning ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Traditional Term

Abstract Pesantren are often associated with backwardness and traditionalism in everything: facilities, technology, learning methods, and even the curriculum. For now, it seems like the traditional term for pesantren is no longer relevant enough. The pace of movement in the era of renewal marked by the rapid development of technology has demanded pesantren to make adjustments. However, on the one hand, when viewed from the direction of change, the reform efforts pursued by pesantren are not to erase the old tradition, but merely to add something new so that the old tradition and conditions can be maintained while accepting the presence of a new one. On the other hand, the reform efforts undertaken by pesantren have implications for the fact that the typical values of the pesantren are fading away. Abstrak  Pesantren seringkali diasosiasikan dengan keterbelakangan dan tradisional dalam segala hal: fasilitas, teknologi, metode pembelajaran, dan bahkan kurikulumnya. Untuk saat ini, sepertinya istilah tradisional untuk pesantren, sudah tidak lagi cukup relevan. Laju gerak pembaharuan zaman yang ditandai dengan pesatnya perkembangan teknologi telah menuntut pesantren untuk melakukan penyesuaian diri. Kendatipun demikian, di satu sisi, jika dilihat dari arah perubahan, upaya pembaharuan yang ditempuh pesantren tidaklah untuk menghapus tradisi yang lama, tetapi sekadar menambah dengan sesuatu yang baru sehingga tradisi maupun kondisi yang lama bisa dipertahankan sambil menerima kehadiran yang baru. Di sisi yang lain, upaya pembaharuan yang dilakukan pesantren ternyata berimplikasi pada kenyataan akan semakin pudarnya nilai-nilai khas yang dimiliki oleh pesantren.

PROBLEMATIKA HUKUM IMPLEMENTASI SIFAT FINAL DAN BINDING PUTUSAN YANG DIBUAT OLEH BASYARNAS DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA BISNIS SYARIAH

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-52
Author(s):  
Karimatul Khasanah
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

BASYARNAS’s verdict in resolving dispute can be negotiated or cancelled by submitting nullification to the Religious Court if the parties or one of them felt dissatisfied with the BASYARNAS verdicts. This case is important to be reviewed academically because of its paradox and ambiguity. On the one hand the decision is final and binding, but on the other hand it could be cancelled through the Religious Court. If the BASYARNAS verdicts really want to be final and binding, the nullification of the verdicts should be abolished. It can be replaced by an amendment of the verdict submitted to BASYARNAS and handed back to the arbitrator (arbitrator panel) who handles the dispute. Apart being fast and confidential, the arbitrator (judge) is more aware of the case, the reasons, evidences and witnesses of the dispute.

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