Information in the Term Structure: A Forecasting Perspective

The existing literature finds that information not captured by traditional term structure factors helps predict excess bond returns. When estimating no-arbitrage affine term structure models, aligning in-sample and out-of-sample objective functions results in term structure factors that capture information that remains hidden from existing approaches. Specifically, the estimates of the third term structure factor radically differ and are related to the fourth principal component, which helps forecast bond returns. The new objective function leads to substantial improvements in forecasting performance. It also results in higher model term premiums and lower expected future short rates. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, finance.

Types, Genes, and Genotypes: the heritable basis of Galton's law.

A translation of the eighth chapter (or lecture, Achte Vorlesung) from Elemente der Exakten Erblichkeitslehre, by Wilhelm Johannsen. Published originally by Gustav Fisher (Jena) in 1909. This is the first known publication using the words “gene”, “genotype”, and “phenotype”.In this chapter, Johannsen first discusses Galton’s principles of selection and regression. He then uses this as a point of entry into discussing the factors of inheritance, discusses deficiencies of the traditional term “Typus” or “Type” regarding some supposedly-fixed variety of organism, and similarly the problems with such then-common terms as “Anlagen” and “Pangene”. He eventually settles on the term“Gene” (Gen) to describe the inherited factors, and the terms phenotype and genotype to describe the visible form and invisible inherited Mendelian factors of organisms. He discusses the biological interpretation of these terms in different contexts, including that of pure line breeding.

THE TERMINOLOGY OF ECOLOGY IN FRENCH, ENGLISH, RUSSIAN LANGUAGES IN THE UN DOCUMENTATION: TRANSLATION ASPECT

The article is devoted to the problem of differentiation between justified and unjustified borrowings from English in Russian environmental term system. The article formulates a methodology of harmonizing ecological terminology. To do so we check if a borrowing has a synonymous traditional term.

Introduction

The Transeurasian languages are among the most fervently debated language families in modern linguistics, their data contributing extensively to our current understanding of how genealogical and areal linguistics can complement each other as twin faces of diachronic linguistics. The term “Transeurasian” refers to a large group of geographically adjacent languages, stretching from the Pacific in the East to the Baltic, the Black Sea, and the Mediterranean in the West, that includes up to five uncontroversial linguistic families: Japonic, Koreanic, Tungusic, Mongolic, and Turkic. It is distinguished from the more traditional term “Altaic,” which we here reserve for the linguistic grouping consisting of Tungusic, Mongolic, and Turkic languages only. Figure 1 displays the distribution of the Transeurasian languages....

Talpa (poll evil): Description of a case

Talpa (poll evil) is a traditional term for an inflammatory illness of horses that manifests itself in a characteristic swelling on the top of the neck and the back of the horse’s head between the ears, which is caused by infection of the bursa (bursitis) in the neck and progresses to a large abscess at the poll. It starts as an inflamed bursa at the anterior end of the neck between vertebrae and the nuchal ligament, and swells until it presents as a characteristic swelling at the poll. The swelling can increase until it ruptures and drains. There are several causes of talpa, such as injury, irritation of the skin, or a puncture wound, but the most common cause is infection by various bacteria, including but not limited to Brucella abortus accompanied with Actinomyces bovis, as well as Bacteroides fragilis, Corynebacterium spp., Escherichia coli, Pasteurella spp., Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus equi, Streptococcus zooepidemicus and even some parasites, such as Onchocerca cervicalis or O. reticulata. Because of the modern efforts to reduce the incidence of brucellosis in livestock, horses are less exposed to Brucella abortus, and hence modern cases of poll evil usually arise from skin trauma due to the horse striking its head against poorly designed or lowclearance structures, or to improper use of equipment, particularly leaving a badly-chosen halter on the horse around the clock. Poll evil is difficult to treat because of the deep-seated nature of the infection. If the bacterial infection of the bursa and nuchal ligament has spread, and purulent discharge is present, antibiotic therapy will be necessary along with hot packs and, possibly, surgery to remove infected and devitalized tissue. The paper presents the aetiopathogenetic background of poll evil and then describes in detail a field case reported in veterinary practice.

Beyond the Mosaic: Justin Trudeau and the Postnational Chimera

In December 2015, Prime Minister Trudeau claimed in The New York Times Magazine that Canada was ‘the first postnational state’, adding that there was ‘no core identity, no mainstream in Canada’. What does this notion of ‘postnationalism’ exactly encompass? And why did Justin Trudeau choose to use it instead of the more traditional term ‘multiculturalism’? This article contends that the notion of postnationalism is a rhetorical fallacy that conceals the rich distinctiveness of the Canadian identity, while denying the multiple and fierce claims for sovereignty that are observable nationwide. Beyond the merely anecdotal character of Trudeau’s assertion, this postnational claim should be contextualized within a rich field of enquiry concerned with transnational social relations, and the impact that these new cultural practices and social relationships have on forms of belonging and governance. This article argues that ‘postnational’ does not seem to be the right terminology to designate Canada’s contemporary ethnic, linguistic, religious and cultural diversity. Beyond the dated mosaic label, and the chimeric postnational one, the inclusive terms ‘plurinationalism’, which continues to emphasize diversity along the vector of the nation, and ‘multiversality’, which underscore the diversity of vectors of difference, would arguably constitute more pertinent descriptions takes.

Problem Comedies

This chapter challenges the traditional term ‘problem play’ to categorize Troilus and Cressida, Measure for Measure, and All’s Well That Ends Well and instead looks at them as ‘comedies of rule’, in which young lovers seeking romantic felicity share the stage with rulers seeking power. Earlier comedies, of course, feature rulers such as dukes or kings, but in these the political interests of (mostly) benevolent rulers are aligned with the romantic interests of young lovers. In Troilus, Measure, and All’s Well, rulers, far from felicitously reconciling the assertion of their own power and the liberation of lovers from oppressive parents, consolidate political authority by regulating romantic desire. The chapter argues that this darker version of the comic ruler is a response to James I’s absolutist construction of the relation between rex and lex and his investment in fashioning himself as parens patriae.

Pembaharuan Pesantren: Arah dan Implikasi

Pesantren are often associated with backwardness and traditionalism in everything: facilities, technology, learning methods, and even the curriculum. For now, it seems like the traditional term for pesantren is no longer relevant enough. The pace of movement in the era of renewal marked by the rapid development of technology has demanded pesantren to make adjustments. However, on the one hand, when viewed from the direction of change, the reform efforts pursued by pesantren are not to erase the old tradition, but merely to add something new so that the old tradition and conditions can be maintained while accepting the presence of a new one. On the other hand, the reform efforts undertaken by pesantren have implications for the fact that the typical values of the pesantren are fading away. Abstrak Pesantren seringkali diasosiasikan dengan keterbelakangan dan tradisional dalam segala hal: fasilitas, teknologi, metode pembelajaran, dan bahkan kurikulumnya. Untuk saat ini, sepertinya istilah tradisional untuk pesantren, sudah tidak lagi cukup relevan. Laju gerak pembaharuan zaman yang ditandai dengan pesatnya perkembangan teknologi telah menuntut pesantren untuk melakukan penyesuaian diri. Kendatipun demikian, di satu sisi, jika dilihat dari arah perubahan, upaya pembaharuan yang ditempuh pesantren tidaklah untuk menghapus tradisi yang lama, tetapi sekadar menambah dengan sesuatu yang baru sehingga tradisi maupun kondisi yang lama bisa dipertahankan sambil menerima kehadiran yang baru. Di sisi yang lain, upaya pembaharuan yang dilakukan pesantren ternyata berimplikasi pada kenyataan akan semakin pudarnya nilai-nilai khas yang dimiliki oleh pesantren.

Is a history of the Ukrainian literary language a history of the language of Ukrainian literature?

Whilemost western linguists prefer the term “standard language”, the older term “literary language” still prevails in Ukrainian studies (as in other fields of Slavic studies). Although the expressions are theoretically synonymous, it is obvious that the traditional term “literary language” often creates serious problems. Particularly, this applies to various “Histories of the Ukrainian Literary Language,” which often turn out to be histories of the Ukrainian language of literature instead. Particularly, these works pay very scarce attention to the historical development of those factors that are decisive for the status of a “literary” or “standard language” as described, inter alia, by the Prague Linguistic Circle or Einar Haugen. Against the background of the theses that were suggested by the Prague Linguistic circle, histories of the Ukrainian “literary language” should provide considerably more information regarding the codification of Ukrainian and the dissemination of the codified language, the development of the multifunctionality and superregional outreach of Ukrainian and, to a certain extent, its stylistic diversification. The same is true if we look at our “Histories of the Ukrainian Literary Language” from Einar Haugens perspective (which is, after all, very similar to the Prague School theses) and want to know more about the processes of selection, codification, dissemination, and elaboration in their historical dimension. Unfortunately, the focus of the “Histories of the Ukrainian Literary Language” is clearly on the language of fine literature, although this sphere is in fact just one out of many that should be much more carefully studied in new monographs devoted to the history of the Ukrainian literary (or standard) language in the real meaning of the word. The present study offers a critical approach to the most widely used “History of the Ukrainian Literary Language” by Vitalij Rusanivskyj, which basically is a history of the Ukrainian language of literature.

Cloud-Based Retrieval Information System Using Concept for Multi-Format Data

The need of effective and efficient method to retrieving non-Web-enabled and Web-enabled information entities is essential, due to the fact of inaccuracy of the existing search engines that still use traditional term-based indexing for text documents and annotation text for images, audio and video files. Previous works showed that incorporating the knowledge in the form of concepts into an information retrieval system may increase the effectiveness of the retrieving method. Unfortunately, most of the works that implemented the concept-based information retrieval system still focused on one information format. This paper proposes a multi-format (text, image, video and, audio) concept-based information retrieval method for Cloud environment. The proposed method is implemented in a laboratory-scale heterogeneous cloud environment using Eucalyptus middleware. 755 multi-format information is experimented and the performance of the proposed method is measured.