Investigation of the Impact on Tungsten of Transient Heat Loads Induced by Laser Irradiation, Electron Beams and Plasma Guns

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Huber
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Electron Beams ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plasma Guns ◽  
Heat Loads

Investigation of the Impact on Tungsten of Transient Heat Loads Induced by Laser Irradiation, Electron Beams and Plasma Guns

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (1T) ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Huber ◽  
A. Burdakov ◽  
M. Zlobinski ◽  
M. Wirtz ◽  
J. W. Coenen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Electron Beams ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plasma Guns ◽  
Heat Loads

scholarly journals Investigation of the impact of transient heat loads applied by laser irradiation on ITER-grade tungsten

2014 ◽  
Vol T159 ◽  
pp. 014005 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Huber ◽  
A Arakcheev ◽  
G Sergienko ◽  
I Steudel ◽  
M Wirtz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Heat Loads

scholarly journals Generation of Pulsed Electron Beams by Simple Cold Cathode Plasma Guns

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wernsman ◽  
H. F. Ranea-Sandoval ◽  
J. J. Rocca ◽  
H. Mancini
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beams ◽  
Cold Cathode ◽  
Cathode Plasma ◽  
Plasma Guns

Modeling and Simulation on Heat Transfer in Blood Vessels Subject to a Transient Laser Irradiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuelan Zhang ◽  
Liancun Zheng ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
Xinxin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Thermal Relaxation ◽  
Initial Time ◽  
Laser Exposure ◽  
Conduction Model ◽  
Heaviside Step Function ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper investigates heat transfer of blood vessels subject to transient laser irradiation, where the irradiation is extremely short times and has high power. The modified Fourier heat conduction model (Cattaneo–Christov flux) and Heaviside step function are used in describing the thermal relaxation and temperature jump characteristics in initial time. A novel auxiliary function is introduced to avoid three-level discretization and temporal–spatial mixed derivative, and the numerical solutions are obtained by Crank–Nicolson alternating direction implicit (ADI) scheme. Results indicate that the temperature distributions in blood vessels strongly depend on the blood property, the laser exposure time, the blood flowrate (Reynolds number) and the thermal relaxation parameter. The isothermal curve exhibits asymmetric characteristics due to the impact of blood flow, and the higher blood velocity leads to more asymmetric isotherm and less uniform thermal distribution. Further, the heat-flux relaxation phenomenon is also captured, and its effect on blood temperature becomes more noticeable as blood flows downstream of blood vessels.

Structural change in the surface layers of titanium nickelide under the impact of pulsed electron beams

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 646-651
Author(s):  
L. L. Meisner ◽  
M. G. Ostapenko ◽  
A. I. Lotkov ◽  
E. Yu. Gudimova ◽  
A. A. Neiman
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Titanium Nickelide ◽  
Electron Beams ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Effect of Laser Irradiation on Reparative Osteogenesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Yu. М. Iryanov ◽  
N. A. Kiryanov
Keyword(s):  
Laser Radiation ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Infrared Laser ◽  
Control Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: The use of non-medicinal facilities for correcting processes in various pathological conditions is one of the most urgent problems of modern medicine. Purpose of the Work: To study the effect of low-intensity infrared laser radiation on reparative bone formation and angiogenesis in bone regeneration which is formed in treatment of fractures under conditions of transosseous osteosynthesis. Material and Methods: A tibia fracture was modeled experimentally in rats in the control and experimental groups. Reposition and fixation of fragments were performed. The fracture zone in the experimental group animals was exposed to the impact of pulsed infrared laser irradiation of low intensity. Animals from the control group underwent the impact simulation. The operated bones were investigated using the methods of X-ray, light and electron microscopy, X-ray electron probe microanalysis. Results: It was established that laser radiation exposure sessions activated fibrillogenesis and angiogenesis, accelerated compacting of newly formed bone tissue and increased its maturity while primary fracture healing occurred. Prolonged capillary dilatation and endothelium-dependent vasodilation, intensive capillarogenesis were noted after sessions of laser therapy in bone regeneration. Endothelial outgrowth was formed in the lumen of the vessels forming capillary buds that propagate along the “mother” vessels (endovascular capillarogenesis). Conclusion: The data obtained revealed a possible mechanism of laser radiation exposure at the level of a whole organism and proved the effectiveness of its application in clinical practice at the early stages of patient rehabilitation under conditions of transosseous osteosynthesis.

scholarly journals Investigation of Er:YAG laser-activated irrigation for the removal of biofilm and observations of laser-induced cavitation behavior

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiji Nagahashi ◽  
Yoshio Yahata ◽  
Keisuke Handa ◽  
Masato Nakano ◽  
Shigeto Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Er:Yag Laser ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
High Speed Camera ◽  
Pulp Chamber ◽  
Root Canal Irrigation ◽  
Biofilm Removal ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background We investigated the biofilm removal effects of LAI using a pig model, focusing on the impact of the fiber tip position, and used a high-speed camera to observe the occurrence and positioning of the cavitation associated with laser irradiation. Methods A total of 16 roots of deciduous mandibular second premolars from 4 pigs were used. After a pulpectomy, the canals were left open for two weeks and sealed for 4 weeks to induce intraradicular biofilm. Then, root canal irrigation was performed with Er:YAG laser activation. The fiber tip was inserted at two different positions, i.e., into the root canal in the intracanal LAI group and into the pulp chamber in the coronal LAI group. Intracanal needle irrigation with saline or 5% NaOCl was utilized in the positive control and CNI groups. SEM and qPCR were carried out to evaluate treatment efficacy. For qPCR, ANOVA and a Tukey-Kramer post hoc test were performed with α = 0.05. A high-speed camera was used to observe the generation of cavitation bubbles and the movement of the induced bubbles after laser irradiation. Results The intracanal and coronal LAI groups showed significantly lower amounts of bacteria than either the positive control or CNI groups. There was no significant difference found between the intracanal and coronal LAI groups. SEM images revealed opened dentinal tubules with the destruction of biofilm in both LAI groups. High-speed camera images demonstrated cavitation bubble production inside the root canal after a single pulse irradiation pulse. The generated bubbles moved throughout the entire internal multi-rooted tooth space. Conclusions Coronal LAI can generate cavitation in the root canal with a simply placed fiber inside the pulp chamber, leading to effective biofilm removal. This method could thus contribute to the future development of endodontic treatments for refractory apical periodontitis caused by intraradicular biofilm.

Biochemical indicators of renal functional state under the conditions of bisphenol A administration and low-level laser irradiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-186
Author(s):  
Vira Borschovetska ◽  
Valeriia Mamiienko
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Hepatic Function ◽  
Secondary Products ◽  
Corrective Effect ◽  
Level Laser ◽  
The Impact

Nowadays, due to the mass production of plastic products, the question of the negative impact of bisphenol A on the functioning of organs and systems is acute. However, the question of the effect of this xenobiotic on the functional state of the kidneys remains open. Currently, laser irradiation of various powers is intensively used to correct pathologies. However, its biochemical feathers of the impact on biological objects require detailed research. The work is aimed at the study of nephrotoxic effects of bisphenol A under the conditions of irradiation of animals with a diode laser. ВРА was administered per os daily for 3 days at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight, which corresponded with LOAEL dose. Irradiation was performed for 2 min with a low-diode laser λ = 650 nm (50 mW, 1.5 J/cm2 and 12.5 mW/cm2). The functional state of the kidneys was performed based on the determination of urea and creatinine content in urine and serum. The content of primary and secondary products of the LP was determined in the kidneys. It is shown, that the administration of bisphenol A is accompanied by a decrease in urea in serum and urine, an increase in serum creatinine and a decrease in this metabolite in urine, which may indicate impaired renal and hepatic function due to the damage of this organ by contaminants due to induction lipid oxidation. This is expressed by an increase in the content of conjugated diene and TBA-active compounds in the kidneys. At the same time, under the irradiation of animals, the concentration of urea and creatinine in the serum decreases compared with the BPA group, and in the urine, these indicators increase. Such results may indicate the normalization of kidney function due to the corrective action of the laser. Thus, the introduction of BPA is accompanied by the induction of LPS processes, which leads to renal dysfunction, and irradiation of animals has a corrective effect of nephrotoxic effects of BPA.

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