Results of chalazion cryosurgery with an increased risk of complications

Background. At an appointment with an ophthalmologist, patients with pathological conditions of the eyelids are often dissatisfi ed with the effectiveness of the traditional surgical treatment.The aim: assessment of the functional state of the eye adnexa after cryodestruction of the chalazion with an increased risk of complications using modern cryosurgical equipment.Material and methods. Clinical studies were carried out in 254 patients (277 eyes) with chalazion, including a complicated course of the disease, with cryodestruction of the chalazion using an autonomous cryoapplicator made of porous-permeable titanium nickelide.Results. Cryosystems of the new generation, in comparison with the well-known industrial cryoapparatus, diff er in new properties. They can signifi cantly improve the quality of cryotherapy in surgery due to a clearer localization of cryotherapy and a high rate of heat removal from the surface of altered tissues without damaging the surrounding tissues. Depending on the size of the pathological formation, the duration of the exposure, the frequency of repetitions of the applications during the session, the regression of the chalazion occurred within 1–1.5 months with the preservation of the integrity of the intermarginal space and the functional state of the eyelid.Conclusion. Analysis of the data obtained indicates a high clinical and cosmetic effi ciency of cryosurgery of the eyelid chalazion using an autonomous cryoapplicator made of porous-permeable titanium nickelide.

Development of a machine vision system for recording experimental data in the study of torsional stiffness by dynamic mechanical analysis

A machine vision system has been developed for recording data obtained on an experimental installation for studying relaxation transitions of polymers, as well as studying the dynamic shear modulus during phase transformations in alloys based on titanium nickelide. The computer vision system is based on simple algorithms implemented in the Java language in the IDE “Processing”. The conditions for the experiment and the procedure for processing the experimental data obtained on the basis of the machine vision system are determined.

Distribution of thermophysical and mechanical properties of titanium nickelide in the welding zone

The paper analyzes the behavior of the deformation characteristics of welded joints made of TiNi alloy with a shape memory effect. Comparison of the level of tensile strength of welded samples made by the TIG method in an Ar and He atmosphere was carried out using a Instron 5985 universal machine. The study of the material structure in the weld zone and the heat-affected zone was carried out on longitudinal sections using a JSM-6490LV electron microscope. To estimate the mechanical parameters PMT-3 microhardness tester was used. The calorimetric parameters of the welded samples were obtained using a differential scanning calorimeters METTLER TOLEDO 822e and TA Instruments Q20. To analyze the gradient properties at the weld zone and the heat-affected zone, the temperature fields were calculated using the thermal conductivity equation included in the model of the residual stress mechanism.

CASE REPORT OF TWO SUCCESSFUL PREGNANCY OUTCOMES AFTER RADICAL TRACHELECTOMY

Currently, the development and implementation of organ-preserving methods for patients of reproductive age are the treatment priorities in modern oncology. We report a case of two successful pregnancy outcomes in a 29-year-old patient with stage IB invasive cervical cancer, who underwent laparoscopic radical trachelectomy using high-tech diagnostic and treatment techniques. Alotech, an innovative radiopharmaceutical, and Rad Pointer laparoscopic gamma scanner were used for intraoperative detection of sentinel lymph nodes. In addition, a uterine obturator was formed during surgery using a titanium nickelide shape memory implant. This case showed the feasibility of preserving the uterus after delivery by caesarean section, with no evidence of tumor recurrence according to the findings of intraoperative morphological examination.

Experimental study of fine-grained reticulated titanium nickelide in the near-defective tissues of the palate

Aim. To study the peculiarities of regeneration of fine-gauge reticulated titanium nickelide in near-defective tissues of the palate.Material and methods. The work was carried out on 10 female rabbits of the Shin Shila breed weighing 2,7-3,0 kg; an experimental investigation was carried out in the Central Research Laboratory of the Avicenna Tajik State Medical University. As the implantation material, we used a fine mesh titanium nickelide with a thickness of 40-50 microns threads and the size of 50x50 microns cells.Results and discussion. The morphological study revealed that after the surgery the mucous membrane covering the implant was edematous with foci of hyperemia and hemorrhages. Vessels were dilated and full-blooded, small and medium caliber vessels were constricted. In the zone of anastomosis, there were prevailing changes of inflammatory character with slight activation of local immunity. Fifteen days later the mucous membrane in the anastomosis zone partially recovered. Local immunity activation contributes to the restoration of normal structures in the implant area. Later it was noticed that as soon as blood supply to the implant zone was restored almost immediately from the areas bordering the operation zone the sprouting of the covering epithelium cells began.Conclusion. Regeneration processes in the artificially created defective areas of the palate, at the use of the titanium fine mesh nickelide begin on the border of the implant material contact with the tissues of the peri-defective zone at the expense of the local immune reactions activation with the following gradual transition to the other areas.

Softening Effects in Biological Tissues and NiTi Knitwear during Cyclic Loading

Samples of skin, tendons, muscles, and knitwear composed of NiTi wire are studied by uniaxial cyclic tension and stretching to rupture. The metal knitted mesh behaves similar to a superelastic material when stretched, similar to soft biological tissues. The superelasticity effect was found in NiTi wire, but not in the mesh composed of it. A softening effect similar to biological tissues is observed during the cyclic stretching of the mesh. The mechanical behavior of the NiTi mesh is similar to the biomechanical behavior of biological tissues. The discovered superelastic effects allow developing criteria for the selection and evaluation of mesh materials composed of titanium nickelide for soft tissue reconstructive surgery.

Effect of reverse thermoelastic phase transformation on stress of onset of structural deformation in titanium nickelide

The experimental study results of the dependence in the stress value of the onset of the structural deformation on the degree of the reverse phase transformation occurring after the complete direct martensitic transformation in titanium nickelide are described. It is established that these results are qualitatively and quantitatively correctly described in the framework of the model according to which the maximum value of the intensity of the intrinsic inelastic deformation of the martensitic part of the representative volume of the shape-memory alloy is used as a parameter of isotropic hardening.

Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Titanium Nickelide during Pressing in Equal-Channel Angular Matrix with Quasi-Small Angle of Channels Intersection

The article presents the results of the analysis of the microstructure and mechanical properties of titanium nickelide formed during pressing in an equal-channel angular matrix with a quasi-small angle of channels intersection. The conducted studies have shown that pressing in an equal-channel angular matrix with a quasi-small angle of channels intersection ensures the formation of a homogeneous sub-ultrafine-grained structure in the titanium nickelide alloy, while the average grain size, decreasing by 100-200 times, is 0.3-0.5 microns, and the tensile strength increases to 1350 MPa in 6 passes, which is almost 90% higher than in the coarse-grained quenched state.