Contradictory dynamics of empowerment in social innovation initiatives

2019 ◽  
pp. 113-136
Author(s):  
Stijn Oosterlynck ◽  
Andreas Novy ◽  
Bernhard Leubolt ◽  
Carla Weinzierl
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Over Time

In this chapter, we undertake a systematic analysis of the empowerment dimension of social innovation initiatives. The notions of social innovation and empowerment have a rather similar history. We provide a brief historical overview of the concept of empowerment and the diverse and competing meanings the concept has acquired over time. We then specify three dimensions of empowerment to analyse the empowering potential of social innovation: the bottom-up and top-down dynamics of empowerment, the relation between individual and collective forms of empowerment and the extent to which empowerment has an instrumental or expressive focus. In the analysed case studies of social innovation initiatives, we observe a pre-eminence of top-down empowerment, the dominance of individual empowerment dynamics and a predominant focus on instrumental forms of empowerment in social innovation initiatives, especially in the governance of labour market activation.

scholarly journals Ordering global governance complexes: The evolution of the governance complex for international civil aviation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Eilstrup-Sangiovanni
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
Governance Effectiveness ◽  
Political Agents ◽  
Over Time

AbstractMany observers worry that growing numbers of international institutions with overlapping functions undermine governance effectiveness via duplication, inconsistency and conflict. Such pessimistic assessments may undervalue the mechanisms available to states and other political agents to reduce conflictual overlap and enhance inter-institutional synergy. Drawing on historical data I examine how states can mitigate conflict within Global Governance Complexes (GGCs) by dissolving or merging existing institutions or by re-configuring their mandates. I further explore how “order in complexity” can emerge through bottom-up processes of adaptation in lieu of state-led reform. My analysis supports three theoretical claims: (1) states frequently refashion governance complexes “top-down” in order to reduce conflictual overlap; (2) “top-down” restructuring and “bottom-up” adaptation present alternative mechanisms for ordering relations among component institutions of GGCs; (3) these twin mechanisms ensure that GGCs tend to (re)produce elements of order over time–albeit often temporarily. Rather than evolving towards ever-greater fragmentation and disorder, complex governance systems thus tend to fluctuate between greater or lesser integration and (dis)order.

Imprinting Beyond the Founding Phase: How Sedimented Imprints Develop over Time

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1579-1600
Author(s):  
Lien De Cuyper ◽  
Bart Clarysse ◽  
Nelson Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Social Venture ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Do So

In this study, we build on the foundational observations of Selznick and Stinchcombe that organizations bear the lasting imprint of their founding context and explore how characteristics shaped during founding are coherently carried forward through time. To do so, we draw on an ethnography of a social venture where the entrepreneurs left soon after founding. In examining how an initial organizational imprint evolves beyond a venture’s founding phase, we focus on the actions and interactions of organizational members, the founders’ imprint, the venture’s new leadership, and the external environment. The process model we develop shows how the organizational imprint evolves as a consequence of the interplay between top-down and bottom-up forces. We first find that the initial imprint is transmitted through a bottom-up mechanism of imprint reinforcement, and second, that the venture is reimprinted after the founding period through two processes which we call imprint reforming and imprint coupling. The result of this is the formation of a sedimented imprint. Our findings further illuminate that, although the initial imprint sticks, its function and manifestation changes over time.

scholarly journals A systematic analysis of the effects of increasing degrees of serum immunodepletion in terms of depth of coverage and other key aspects in top-down and bottom-up proteomic analyses

PROTEOMICS ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2222-2235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew P. Welberry Smith ◽  
Steven L. Wood ◽  
Alexandre Zougman ◽  
Jenny T. C. Ho ◽  
Jianhe Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Proteomic Analyses ◽  
Key Aspects

scholarly journals SEJARAH PEMBANGUNAN HUKUM PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-273
Author(s):  
Khotibul Umam
Keyword(s):  
Banking System ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
Gradual Process ◽  
Historic Development ◽  
Conventional Banks ◽  
Over Time

In this article the author traces the historic development of Islamic or sharia banking in Indonesia and this will be done by analysing the evolution of a series of successive laws promulgated over time.  From these laws (Law Nos. 7/1992; 10/1998 and 21/2008) we can discern, how over the years, the Indonesian government gradually accept and recognized sharia banking principles, resulting in the establishment of Sharia Banks alongside conventional Banks.  These successive laws also shows the gradual process of policy changes which involves a top-down, bottom up and again a top down approach. Through this process, Sharia Banks develops in Indonesia and has been able to meet society’s need not only for a modern banking system, but also more importantly, providing banking services in line with the sharia. 

scholarly journals Elementary Principal/Superintendent Relationship as Perceived by Teachers

2001 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Catherine H. Glascock ◽  
Diane Taylor
Keyword(s):  
School Climate ◽  
School District ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
School Change ◽  
Elementary Principal ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up

Despite more than a decade of research on bottom-up school change, the principal/ superintendent relationship continues to be studied primarily as a traditional flow of power from the top down. There is little research that considers the proposition that power vested in principals can be exercised upwardly within the school district hierarchy in the form of independence from and influence on the superintendent. Given the lack of research on these phenomena, it is not surprising that we could find no studies that explore the effects of hierarchical independence and influence on school climate. The present study investigates both. Two schools form the basis of this comparative case study. The schools were chosen based on scores obtained through the OCDQ and TAI instruments. The first school is selected for its high scores on both instruments and the second school is selected based on average scores on the OCDQ and the TAI. Both schools are in the same school district and a brief description of that district begins the discussion. Individual case study findings as well as a comparison of the two case studies follow.

Starchitects in Bohemia: An Exploration of Cultural Cities from the “Top-Down” and “Bottom-Up”

2020 ◽  
pp. 107808742093404
Author(s):  
Hyesun Jeong ◽  
Matt Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
National Level ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Ecological Relationship ◽  
Significant Attention

Urban scholars have devoted significant attention to the “cultural city,” but less attention has been paid to how different forms of culture relate to each other and to the larger urban environment. In this article, we compare two quintessential forms of culture-led urbanization that represent opposite ends on a spectrum: iconic architecture and neo-bohemia. While iconic architecture is a “top-down” approach to culture involving large budgets, elite “starchitects,” and powerful clients, neo-bohemia tends to be a “bottom-up” phenomenon formed as individual artists gravitate toward particular neighborhoods, establishing arts scenes. Using a combination of neighborhood case studies and national-level quantitative analysis, we investigate the ecological relationship between these two phenomena. In doing so, we provide new insights into the geographic and social structure of the cultural city.

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