Subsidizing the Housing Costs of Lower-Income Tenants

2020 ◽  
pp. 195-210
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Meen ◽  
Christine Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Private Renting ◽  
Housing Subsidies ◽  
Housing Costs ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Uk

Chapter 12 turns to tenant subsidies. Since the introduction of income-related housing subsidies to tenants in the early 1970s there has been continuing debate about the relative weight to be given to demand side and supply side subsidies. The numbers helped by the second is limited by available supply while in the UK the first provides an as of right benefit to all eligible households in both the social and private rented sectors. Other issues relate to the efficiency and capacity to target assistance, the relative public expenditure costs to achieve government objectives, and their impact on the allocation of affordable housing and on work incentives. One of the most important and unpredicted changes in housing has been the growth of private renting which now accommodates around 20 per cent of households in the UK. The chapter discusses these tenure shifts and examines how austerity, regulation and changes to welfare policy have impacted on households and affordability.

scholarly journals Examining building age, rental housing and price filtering for affordability in Melbourne, Australia

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 004209802092783
Author(s):  
Matthew Palm ◽  
Katrina Eve Raynor ◽  
Georgia Warren-Myers
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

Governments worldwide have responded to housing affordability challenges with supply-side solutions. Proponents of these approaches often draw on the notion of ‘filtering effects’ to argue that new supply naturally trickles down to lower-income households over time, improving affordability. This study examines the characteristics of Naturally Occurring Affordable Housing in Melbourne, Australia, analysing how dwelling age impacts rental cost. We specify a non-linear relationship between building age and rents through hedonic rent modelling, reflecting a premium for historic properties in inner Melbourne. We also conduct a cluster analysis of rental listings and measure affordability by cluster. Our results problematise the notion of filtering, finding that most contemporary affordable housing was initially built in the 1960s and 1970s as social housing or targeted at low-income households. We argue that filtering in this instance is not natural but is instead a reflection of historic government expenditure and past construction choices, or ‘filter up’.

Sustainable Communities: Affordable Housing and Socio-economic Relations

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vida Maliene ◽  
Joseph Howe ◽  
Naglis Malys
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Sustainable Communities ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Sustainable Housing ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Existing Housing

Recent UK government objectives are focused on creating sustainable communities to improve quality of life. Housing is a key issue to consider in delivering healthy and attractive communities. In certain areas of housing, lack of supply and consequent problems of affordability have created persistent social and economic pressure. For sustainable communities, housing should be easily available, high-quality, economic, ecological, aesthetically designed and comfortable, thus better suiting the needs of a person. Moreover, the housing must be affordable according to the local and national situation. This article addresses the issue of sustainable communities from the perspectives of housing markets and socio-economics. The study focuses on key factors that are believed to contribute to the currently existing housing situation, assessing the impact of regulated socio-economics upon the sustainable housing and communities. The study also reviews past and current government initiatives and policies relevant to housing and regeneration in the UK. The article finishes with the interview-based study carried out in the Northwest with a reflection on the notion of the sustainable communities plan and its eight key components, the housing market and its dependence on the economic, the social and political environment and it offers recommendations for the further sustainable communities' development within the UK.

scholarly journals Business advice and lending in small firms

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anoosheh Rostamkalaei ◽  
Mark Freel
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Business Risk ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Sme Finance ◽  
Advice Seeking ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
The Uk

The literature on lending to small firms has primarily focused on the mechanisms and methods used to evaluate entrepreneurs and businesses and on the types of firms that are more likely to experience unfavourable application outcomes. That is, the focus of most empirical research is on supply-side decisions. The current research attempts to shed some light on demand-side considerations. Drawing upon data collected as the UK SME Finance Monitor (2011–2014), we identify links between entrepreneurs' diligence, business risk and finance-related advice-seeking prior to initiating loan and overdraft applications. The results show evidence of the usefulness of advice in ameliorating, both structural and strategic, business risk and improving the prospects of successful debt applications to banks.

scholarly journals Patterns of Social Integration Strategies: Mobilising ‘Strong’ and ‘Weak’ Ties of the New European Migrants

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Popivanov ◽  
Siyka Kovacheva
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Weak Ties ◽  
Skill Levels ◽  
The Social ◽  
Integration Strategies ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Depth Interviews

The European mobility processes raise the issue of the integration strategies of new European migrants in their host societies. Taking stock of 154 in-depth interviews with migrants in the UK, Germany, Italy and Spain, we examine the social ties which they mobilise in order to adapt in a different social environment. The division between ‘strong’ and ‘weak’ ties established in the literature is particularly useful to assess migrants’ experiences in appropriation and transformation of social capital and the variety of their pathways in the labour market. Then we critically study the relative weight of social ties and skill levels in their choice of integration strategies. At the end, four types of strategies corresponding to the types of migrants’ interactions with the home and host contexts are outlined.

Sub-Optimality in NHS Sourcing in the UK: Demand-Side Constraints on Supply-Side Improvement

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Cox ◽  
Dan Chicksand ◽  
Paul Ireland
Keyword(s):  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Side Constraints ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals Evaluating Elements of Demand-Side Policy Imperatives for Biogas from Waste Scheme Diffusion in the UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Abhijeet Acharya ◽  
Lisa A. Cave
Keyword(s):  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
Policy Model ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
The Uk

Over the last decade, demand-side policies are increasingly implemented to correct market failures and overcome the systemic problem in complex social-technical systems such as energy transition. This paradigm shift in policy approach results from realizing that relying solely on supply-side policy instruments to push innovative solutions into the market is insufficient. As part of the energy transition, many developed countries have considered Biogas from Waste (BfW) based on the Anaerobic Digestion (AD) process as a realistic renewable energy source and aim to create social, economic, and environmental benefits for their communities. Despite several policy instruments in the UK over the last ten years, the growth of BfW schemes remains subdued and faces market failures. This paper aims to evaluate elements of demand-side policies focused on addressing market failures to increase the diffusion of BfW schemes in the UK. We discussed effective demand-side policies related to the biogas sector in other European countries like Sweden, Denmark, and Italy. In the analysis, we observed UK’s policy instruments do not effectively address market externalities in the biogas sector. We also observed the biomethane market share in the UK is minimal; there is no market policy for green gas labeling towards demand articulation. The paper also made recommendations for policymakers in the UK to address market failures by proposing a push-pull policy model that combines demand-side policy interventions with supply-side policies.

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