Sociology by Anthropologists: A Chapter in the History of an Academic Discipline in Newfoundland during the 1960s

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip Buckner
Keyword(s):  
Academic Discipline ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

Cities and Urban Patriciates

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Urban Experience ◽  
Counter Reformation ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
The 1960S

Urban centers had an influence on the development of Renaissance Europe disproportionate to their overall demographic importance. Most of the population continued to live and work in the countryside, but towns and cities functioned as key centers of production, consumption and exchange, political control, ecclesiastical organization, and cultural influence. Historians still debate the relative roles of urban and rural areas in facilitating the development of capitalism in the long term. Writing on urban history has a very long pedigree dating back to the 16th century, but as an academic discipline it began to flourish in the late 19th century. Since the 1960s, the range of approaches to the field has widened considerably from concerns with political and economic organization to take in issues of governance, social structure, and, most recently, overlapping urban cultures. The role of religious belief, particularly in the context of the Reformation and the Counter-Reformation, runs as a thread throughout the history of the urban experience.

It Began with Babbage

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subrata Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Computer Scientist ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Von Neumann ◽  
New Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Science Of The Artificial

As a field, computer science occupies a unique scientific space, in that its subject matter can exist in both physical and abstract realms. An artifact such as software is both tangible and not, and must be classified as something in between, or "liminal." The study and production of liminal artifacts allows for creative possibilities that are, and have been, possible only in computer science. In It Began with Babbage, computer scientist and writer Subrata Dasgupta examines the distinct history of computer science in terms of its creative innovations, reaching back to Charles Babbage in 1819. Since all artifacts of computer science are conceived with a use in mind, the computer scientist is not concerned with the natural laws that govern disciplines like physics or chemistry; instead, the field is more concerned with the concept of purpose. This requirement lends itself to a type of creative thinking that, as Dasgupta shows us, has exhibited itself throughout the history of computer science. More than any other, computer science is the science of the artificial, and has a unique history to accompany its unique focus. The book traces a path from Babbage's Difference Engine in the early 19th century to the end of the 1960s by when a new academic discipline named "computer science" had come into being. Along the way we meet characters like Babbage and Ada Lovelace, Turing and von Neumann, Shannon and Chomsky, and a host of other people from a variety of backgrounds who collectively created this new science of the artificial. And in the end, we see how and why computer science acquired a nature and history all of its own.

Of Research Cycles and Publication Models

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1076-1079
Author(s):  
Kirstie M. McClure
Keyword(s):  
England Journal ◽  
New England ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Publishing History ◽  
Professional Norms ◽  
Editorial Practice ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

This response to Prof. Lieberman’s essay questions its analogy between “biomedical research” and the academic discipline of political science. Focused on the disanalogy of scope and scale between the two, it takes issue not with the “criterial framework” he offers, but with the quality of argumentation that leads us there. Supplementing the essay’s impressionistic account of editorial practice with evidence drawn from the New England Journal of Medicine and the publishing history of APSA journals since the 1960s, I suggest that the issue here is not simply editorial virtue and professional norms, but differences in the material and institutional bases of the journals’ alternative publication models.

Social administration and sociology

1973 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Warham
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Active Interest ◽  
History Of ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Empirical Material

It may be that when the history of social administration as an academic discipline during the 1960s comes to be looked back upon, one of the most significant developments will be seen to have been the growing influence upon it of sociology. As social services have developed in extent and complexity, a descriptive approach to the study of them has appeared ever more inadequate; and with the rapid development of sociology, both new empirical material, new perspectives, and new methods of analysis have become increasingly accessible. Social administration now uses sociological research methods, and draws heavily upon sociological theory. At the same time, both the active interest of ‘committed’ sociologists in the field of social welfare and, specifically, the emergence of the ‘sociology of welfare’ to join other sociological specializations indicate that the tendency for the two disciplines to impinge increasingly upon each other is not one-sided.

Response to Symposium Reviewers

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1080-1082
Author(s):  
Evan S. Lieberman
Keyword(s):  
England Journal ◽  
New England ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Publishing History ◽  
Professional Norms ◽  
Editorial Practice ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

This response to Prof. Lieberman’s essay questions its analogy between “biomedical research” and the academic discipline of political science. Focused on the disanalogy of scope and scale between the two, it takes issue not with the “criterial framework” he offers, but with the quality of argumentation that leads us there. Supplementing the essay’s impressionistic account of editorial practice with evidence drawn from the New England Journal of Medicine and the publishing history of APSA journals since the 1960s, I suggest that the issue here is not simply editorial virtue and professional norms, but differences in the material and institutional bases of the journals’ alternative publication models.

scholarly journals Why has Analytic Philosophy Almost Completely Failed to Exert any Influence on German Historical Writing and Reflections on Methodology? / ¿Por qué la filosofía analítica ha fracasado casi por completo en la historiografía alemana y en las reflexiones metodológicas?

2017 ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Georg G. Iggers
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Analytic Philosophy ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
English Speaking World ◽  
Historical Social Science

The paper is a response to the question why analytic philosophy, which dominated philosophical Faculties in the English-speaking world, exerted virtually no influence on historical thought and writing in Germany. It examines major historiographical trends in Germany from the beginnings of history as an academic discipline in the nineteenth century to the present: the anti-democratic, nationalist tradition with its focus on politics and diplomacy associated with Historismus, which dominated German historical writing until after World War II, the democratically and socially oriented “historical social science” (Historische Sozialwissennschaft) of the 1960s and 1970s, committed to the analysis of social structures and historical processes, and the “history of everyday life” (Alltagsgeschichte) which aimed at a “history from below”. Yet what made analytic philosophy unacceptable to all these trends was that it proceeded in an abstract logical manner which neglected the concrete context in which historical explanation takes place.Key WordsRanke, Droysen, Meinecke, Abusch, Wehler, Historismus, Historische Sozialgeschichte, Alltagsgeschichte.ResumenEste artículo es una respuesta a la pregunta de por qué la filosofía analítica, que ha dominado las Facultades de Filosofía en el mundo angloparlante, no ha ejercido practicamente ninguna influencia en el pensamiento histórico y en la historiografía alemanas. Se examinan las principales corrientes historiográficas alemanas desde los comienzos de la Historia como disciplina académica en el siglo XIX hasta la actualidad: la tradición antidemocrática y nacionalista, centrada en la política y la diplomacia, asociada al Historicismo (Historismus), que dominó la historiografía germana hasta después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial; la “historia-ciencia social”, orientada social y democráticamente (Historische Sozialwissennschaft), de las décadas de los sesenta y setenta del siglo XX, comprometida con el análisis de las estructuras sociales y los procesos históricos; y la “historia de los cotidiano” (Alltagsgeschichte) dirigida a la “historia desde abajo”. Sin embargo, lo que hizo inaceptable la filosofía analítica a todas estas corrientes fue el hecho de que aquella procedía de uno modo lógico-abstracto, desatendiendo el contexto concreto en el que tienen lugar las explicaciones históricas.Palabras claveRanke, Droysen, Meinecke, Abusch, Wehler, Historicismo, Historia-ciencia social, historia de lo cotidiano. 

History

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Stausberg
Keyword(s):  
Research University ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Disciplinary History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
The 1960S

This chapter deals with the history of the study of religion as an academic discipline rather than as a field of research. Disciplinary history is often self-justificatory: different narratives emphasize continuity or discontinuity and engage tropes of progress or nostalgia. As an academic discipline, the history of the study of religion is embedded in the wider field of religious studies and in institutional and societal developments. For its emergence, it required an operative concept of ‘religion’ and the institutional setting of the modern research university. The discipline emerged in an international network of scholarly interaction. A new wave of institutional growth and expansion occurred from the 1960s onwards, in the context of a worldwide expansion of tertiary education. Both in institutional and intellectual terms, the study of religion remains a marginal branch of the academy. The development of journals evidences accelerated growth and diversification of publication activities in recent decades.

scholarly journals The Right to Write the History: Disputes over the History of Medicine in France – 20th-21st Centuries

2017 ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Corinne Doria
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
The Third ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
Human And Social Sciences ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article reflects on the history of medicine as an academic discipline. It analyzes in particular the debates that took place in France between the second half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century. The first part recalls the main features of the discussions about the history of medicine since it was identified as an autonomous discipline up to the epistemological turn that, in the middle of the 19th century, opposed partisans of a “philological and scientific” to partisans of a “heroic” history of medicine. The second part deals with the debates that began in France in the 1960s-1970s over the legitimacy of a history of medicine written by physicians, and the foundation of a history of medicine written by professional historians. The third part proposes a reflection on the future of research and teaching in this field in France, and highlights the need for cooperation between physicians and specialists in the human and social sciences.

A note on John Hawkins (1761–1841) and the Hawkins archive

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-268
Author(s):  
R. J. CLEEVELY
Keyword(s):  
Major Part ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

A note dealing with the history of the Hawkins Papers, including the material relating to John Hawkins (1761–1841) presented to the West Sussex Record Office in the 1960s, recently transferred to the Cornwall County Record Office, Truro, in order to be consolidated with the major part of the Hawkins archive held there. Reference lists to the correspondence of Sibthorp-Hawkins, Hawkins-Sibthorp, and Hawkins to his mother mentioned in The Flora Graeca story (Lack, 1999) are provided.

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