The “di Gieri” of Florence: Documentary Evidence for Two Fifteenth-Century Building Families

Arris ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-19
Author(s):  
Charles R. Mack
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Documentary Evidence

The Date and Significance of the Imbangala Invasion of Angola

1965 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Birmingham
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
African History ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Late Fifteenth

The study of Central African history is still in its infancy. Valuable indications can, however, be obtained by combining the study of oral traditions with that of Portuguese documentary evidence for events taking place near the coasts. It has long been known, for instance, that the overthrow of the powerful Songye rulers of the Luba country indirectly caused long-distance migrations, one of which, that of the Imbangala, came into contact with the Portuguese in Angola. Previous analyses of this migration have suggested that it culminated in the early seventeenth century. In this paper an attempt has been made to show that the Imbangala arrived in Angola much earlier, probably by the mid sixteenth century and certainly before 1575. This date indicates that the Luba invasion of Lunda, which was the direct cause of the migration, probably took place in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. Finally, it has been tentatively suggested that the overthrow of Songye rule and the establishment of a new, expansionist Luba empire might have taken place as much as a century earlier, from the fourteenth to the fifteenth century.

Towards a Reassessment of the Dating and the Geographical Origins of the Luso-African Ivories, Fifteenth to Seventeenth Centuries

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 189-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Mark
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
West African ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Art Historians ◽  
Coherent Body

Fifty years ago, a group of 100 ivory carvings from West Africa was first identified by the English scholar William Fagg as constituting a coherent body of work. In making this important identification, Fagg proposed the descriptive label “Afro-Portuguese ivories.” Then, as now, the provenance and dating of these carved spoons, chalices (now recognized as salt cellars), horns, and small boxes posed a challenge to art historians. Fagg proposed three possible geographical origins: Sierra Leone, the Congo coast (Angola, ex-Zaïre), and the Yoruba-inhabited area of the old Slave Coast. Although Fagg was initially inclined on stylistic grounds to accept the Yoruba hypothesis, historical documents soon made it clear that the ivories—or at least many of them—were associated with Portuguese commerce in Sierra Leone. This trade developed in the final decades of the fifteenth century.Today approximately 150 works have been identified by scholars as belonging to the “corpus” of carved ivories from West Africa. Although the sobriquet “Afro-Portuguese” remains the most common appellation, these pieces should more appropriately be referred to as Luso-African ivories. The latter term more accurately reflects the objects' creation by West African sculptors who were working within Africa. The works, although hybrid in inspiration, are far more African than they are Portuguese. In addition, no documentary evidence exists to indicate that any of the ivories were carved by African artists living in Portugal. West African artists created the sculptures within the context of their own cultures.

The Miroir des dames in Fifteenth-Century England

The Library ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-497
Author(s):  
J R Mattison
Keyword(s):  
French Text ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Henry Vii ◽  
French Texts

Abstract This article outlines the circulation and readership of a continental French text called the Miroir des dames in England during the fifteenth century. Three surviving manuscripts can be connected with England: one belonged to the Duke of Bedford, another to Henry VII, and a third was created in England and copied from Bedford's manuscript. Documentary evidence indicates that at least two further manuscripts of the Miroir circulated in England. These manuscripts and references demonstrate the continued reading and copying of French texts in England among a select circle of bibliophiles.

scholarly journals Giudizi universali. Reti devozionali e tensioni escatologiche attorno ai gesuati milanesi

2020 ◽  
pp. 189-225
Author(s):  
Edoardo Rossetti
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Local Network ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
The Creation

This essay provides an outline of the familial, social, and cultural network of the Milanese Jesuati between the end of the fifteenth century and the first decades of the sixteenth century. Particular attention is given to their interactions with Cardinal Bernardino López de Carvajal, one of the protagonists of the schismatic Council of Pisa-Milan (1510-1512). Starting from the creation of their settlement of San Girolamo, new documentary evidence is employed to show how the surrounding urban area and the physical buildings that should have been erected there actually mirrored the local network of both the Jesuati and Carvajal. The patronage of the cardinal in San Girolamo and the creation of a Last Judgement fresco are then discussed and connected to the eschatological tensions stirring Milan at the time.

Visible Lives: Black Gondoliers and Other Black Africans in Renaissance Venice*

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Predominantly White ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
African Diaspora ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
Black Africans ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Medieval Italy ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Sub Saharan

This article contributes to the study of the early sub-Saharan African diaspora in Europe by analyzing both visual and documentary evidence relating to black gondoliers in Renaissance Venice. Gondolas and gondoliers were iconic features in fifteenth-century Venice, yet most gondoliers were not Venetian. Although black Africans were highly visible in a predominantly white society, naming practices and linguistic usages rendered them virtually invisible in the documentary sources. It is now possible not only to investigate representations of black gondoliers in paintings, but also to identify black gondoliers in the lists of gondoliers’ associations and in criminal records. Slavery was an accepted institution in late medieval Italy, and nearly all black Africans arrived in Venice as slaves, yet usually ended their lives free. Being a gondolier gave a few black Africans a niche occupation that allowed them to manage their transition to freedom, and to integrate successfully into Venetian society.

Some English medieval alabaster carvings in Italy

1955 ◽  
Vol 35 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 182-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Hildburgh
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Medieval England ◽  
English Reformation ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Public Museums ◽  
Private Collections

There are, or at least are known formerly to have been, in Italy a somewhat surprising number of alabaster carvings produced in medieval England, some of them in their original gaily-painted frameworks, in churches or in museums; others, detached from their initial wooden supports and now more or less isolated, preserved in public museums or in private collections. How and when these carvings came to be in Italy would seem to have remained as yet almost uninvestigated, although examination of contemporary archives concerned with Italian churches in which English alabasters exist, or from which it is known that they have been removed, might well bring to light information of signal importance to historians of the once vigorous English alabaster industry. Despite the abundance of surviving English alabaster carvings—they may well number some thousands—it is to only a minute percentage of them that we are able to assign with reasonable certainty a date more than broadly approximate; or, at least for those carved after about 1400, with more than moderate assurance the locality responsible for their production. Although records there are, some foreign but for the most part English, of matters connected with the English alabaster industry, co-ordination between individual carvings and the documentary evidence is almost completely lacking. While there is strong probability that some of the English alabasters in Italy reached there as refugees expelled from England, or smuggled out, because of the religious disturbances resulting from the English Reformation, it would appear correspondingly probable that many of them passed to Italy in the ordinary course of trade, as seems indeed to have been the case with the St. Peter and St. Paul, and their two accompanying alabaster carvings, cited infra. Most of the English alabasters still in Italy or recorded as having come from there are presumably attributable to the fifteenth century. I think it by no means unlikely that examination of Italian ecclesiastical records could in at least some cases inform us where those alabasters had been purchased, when and whence they were shipped, by or through whom they were presented, and perhaps of other matters of interest in connexion with the English alabaster industry.

scholarly journals From Micro- to Macro-processes of Religious Change

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 412-439
Author(s):  
Rob Lutton
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Religious Change ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Richard Rolle ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The article discusses the Europe-wide late medieval phenomenon of the cult of the Holy Name, using it as a case study to discuss the relationship of micro-and macro-historical transformations by scrutinizing the enormous success of a religious innovation which managed to spread to many different local contexts and social groups. After pointing out contradictions in earlier explanations of this success, the article gives a detailed reading of several different realizations of this form of devotion, discussing authors like Richard Rolle, but also religious compilations and documentary evidence. This evidence suggests that the meaning and significance of devotion to the Holy Name remained open, malleable and unstable. It therefore appears necessary to engage with the whole range of its representations, and their transmission at different social levels, in order to understand its larger significance in the religious transformations of the long fifteenth century.

scholarly journals Settlement on Lusignan Cyprus after the Latin Conquest: The Accounts of Cypriot and other Chronicles and the Wider Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-190
Author(s):  
Nicholas Coureas
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
The Subject

The accounts of various chronicles of the thirteenth to the sixteenth centuries on settlement in Cyprus in the years following the Latin conquest, from the end of the twelfth to the early thirteenth century, will be examined and com­pared. The details provided by the chronicles, where the information given derived from, the biases present in the various accounts, the extent to which they are accurate, especially in cases where they are corroborated or refuted by documentary evidence, will all be discussed. The chronicles that will be referred to are the thirteenth century continuation of William of Tyre, that provides the fullest account of the settlement of Latin Christians and others on Cyprus after the Latin conquest, the fifteenth century chronicle of Leon­tios Makhairas, the anonymous chronicle of “Amadi” that is probably date­able to the early sixteenth century although for the section on thirteenth cen­tury Cypriot history it draws on earlier sources and the later sixteenth century chronicle of Florio Bustron. Furthermore, the Chorograffia and Description of Stephen de Lusignan, two chronicles postdating the conquest of Cyprus by the Ottoman Turks in 1570, will also be referred to on the subject of settle­ment in thirteenth century Cyprus. By way of comparison, the final part of the paper examines the extent to which the evidence of settlement in other Medi­terranean lands derives chiefly from chronicles or from documentary sources.

scholarly journals Settlement on Lusignan Cyprus after the Latin Conquest

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-30
Author(s):  
Nicholas Coureas
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Source Materials

In the article “Settlement on Lusignan Cyprus after the Latin Conquest: The Accounts of Cypriot and other Chronicles and the Wider Context” the narratives of various chronicles of the thirteenth to the sixteenth centuries on settlement in Cyprus in the years following the Latin conquest, from the end of the twelfth to the early thirteenth century, will be examined and compared. The details provided by the chronicles, where the information given derived from, the biases present in the various accounts, the extent to which they are accurate, especially in cases where they are corroborated or refuted by documentary evidence, will all be discussed. The chronicles that will be referred to are the thirteenth century continuation of William of Tyre, that provides the fullest account of the settlement of Latin Christians and others on Cyprus after the Latin conquest, the fifteenth century chronicle of Leontios Makhairas, the anonymous chronicle of ‘Amadi’ that is probably dateable to the early sixteenth century although for the section on thirteenth century Cypriot history it draws on earlier sources and the later sixteenth century chronicle of Florio Bustron. Furthermore, the Chorogra a and the Description of Stephen de Lusignan, two chronicles postdating the conquest of Cyprus by the Ottoman Turks in 1570, will also be referred to on the subject of settlement in thirteenth century Cyprus. By way of comparison, the final part of the paper examined the extent to which the evidence of settlement in other Mediterranean lands derives chiefly from chronicles or from documentary sources. In conclusion, it can be stated that the various accounts of settlement on Cyprus following its cession to King Guy of Jerusalem in 1192 show differences in terms of the value of the fiefs, the geographical regions from which the settlers came and the types of properties which were granted to them. The Latin kingdom of Jerusalem resembles Cyprus in that the source material for early Latin settlement is narrative, not documentary. But this is not the case for the Venetian Crete and the Hospitaller Rhodes, where the source materials recording the arrival of the first Latin settlers are wholly documentary.

scholarly journals Per le future edizioni del testo della Historia Augusta

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Valentini
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Manuscript Tradition ◽  
Historia Augusta

This paper presents partial results of a wider codicological study of the Historia Augusta manuscript tradition: it aims to shed new light on the historical relationships between the Palatine codex and a second family of fourteenth and fifteenth-century manuscripts, known as Σ. It offers new documentary evidence of what has been ignored or underestimated so far by scholars, with the purpose to show not only the independence of such a group of testimonies but also their usefulness for the restitutio textus.

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