At Home in the Crystal Palace: African American Transnationalism and the Aesthetics of Representative Democracy

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Knadler
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Representative Democracy ◽  
Crystal Palace ◽  
At Home

Racial Violence in the Global South

2021 ◽  
pp. 161-184
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Barder
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Martin Luther ◽  
Global South ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Racial Violence ◽  
World War ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Martin Luther King ◽  
Second World ◽  
At Home

This chapter explores the manner in which “explicit and implicit racial and colonial/imperial assumptions” operate in ways that proliferate domestic and international violence. The chapter begins by first examining the moment after the Second World War when there was the impetus for decolonization and a drive for global racial equality emanating from the global South. The second part of the chapter then explores the American intervention in Vietnam as a manifestation of this continued global racial imaginary. American violence in Indochina ran parallel to the exacerbation of racial violence at home. Here the discussion turns to African American writers, in particular Martin Luther King Jr., who were able to clearly see the connections between American violence abroad and the persistence of racial suppression and violence at home.

A Twentieth-Century Triangle Trade: Selling Black Beauty at Home and Abroad, 1945–1965

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 784-810
Author(s):  
Malia McAndrew
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African American ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
The United States ◽  
Trade Networks ◽  
Black Freedom Movement ◽  
Transatlantic Trade ◽  
American Beauty ◽  
Black Beauty ◽  
At Home

This study examines the careers of African American beauty culturists as they worked in the United States, Europe, and Africa between 1945 and 1965. Facing push back at home, African American beauty entrepreneurs frequently sought out international venues that were hospitable and receptive to black Americans in the years following World War II. By strategically using European sites that white Americans regarded as the birthplace of Western fashion and beauty, African American entrepreneurs in the fields of modeling, fashion design, and hair care were able to win accolades and advance their careers. In gaining support abroad, particularly in Europe, these beauty culturists capitalized on their international success to establish, legitimize, and promote their business ventures in the United States. After importing a positive reputation for themselves from Europe to the United States, African American beauty entrepreneurs then exported an image of themselves as the world's premier authorities on black beauty to people of color around the globe as they sold their products and marketed their expertise on the African continent itself. This essay demonstrates the important role that these black female beauty culturists played, both as businesspeople and as race leaders, in their generation's struggle to gain greater respect and opportunity for African Americans both at home and abroad. In doing so it places African American beauty culturists within the framework of transatlantic trade networks, the Black Freedom Movement, Pan-Africanism, and America's Cold War struggle.

“Spinnin' the Webb”: Representational Spaces, Mythic Narratives, and the 1937 Webb/Goodman Battle of Music

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-196
Author(s):  
CHRISTOPHER J. WELLS
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
African American ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Black Artists ◽  
New Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
African American Communities ◽  
At Home

AbstractBenny Goodman and Chick Webb's 1937 battle of music has become a mythic event in jazz historical narratives, enshrined as the unique spectacle that defines Harlem's Savoy Ballroom and its legacy. While this battle has been marked as exceptional and unique, as an event it was a relatively typical instantiation of the “battle of music” format, a presentational genre common in black venues during the 1920s and 1930s. Within African American communities, battles of music re-staged ballrooms as symbolically loaded representational spaces where dueling bands regularly served as oppositional totems that indexed differences of locality (Chicago vs. New York), gender (men vs. women), ethnicity (Anglo- or African American vs. Latin), or race (black vs. white). This article details the ten-year history of battles of music that preceded the Webb/Goodman battle and that made its signifying rhetoric legible within African American communities. It then argues that the disconnect between the battle's relatively typical signifying rhetoric and its subsequent enshrinement as an exceptional event occurred due to a specific confluence of circumstances in the mid-1930s that shaped its immediate reception and subsequent legacy: Goodman's emergence as the “King of Swing” during a new period of massive mainstream popularity for swing music, a coterminous vigilance among both white and black jazz writers to credit black artists as jazz's originators and best practitioners, and the emergence of athletes Jesse Owens and Joe Louis as popular black champions symbolically conquering white supremacy at home and abroad.

601 Burn Injuries Associated with At-home Hair Braiding

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S152-S153
Author(s):  
Afaaf Shakir ◽  
Megan Teele ◽  
Annemarie O’Connor ◽  
Lawrence J Gottlieb ◽  
Sebastian Q Vrouwe
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Burn Center ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
At Home

Abstract Introduction Hair braiding that incorporates synthetic extensions has increased in popularity across all age groups. During the styling process, the ends of the braid are commonly dipped in hot water. As a result of this practice, an increasing number of patients have presented to our Burn Center after containers of recently boiled water are accidentally tipped over and spilled onto patients. Here, we report on patient demographics, outcomes, and our experience managing this injury pattern. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed of all patients who sustained burn injuries associated with at-home hair braiding presenting to an ABA-verified Burn Center between January 1, 2006 and July 31, 2020. Data on patient demographics, injury characteristics, wound management and, burn outcomes was collected. Results A total of 41 patients presented over the study period with burn injuries related to at-home hair braiding. The frequency of this type of burn increased over time, with 54% of injuries occurring in the last three years (2018–2020). The mean patient age was 7.5 years (range 0.7 – 32 years). Demographically, the vast majority of patients were under 18 years of age (90%), female (95%), and African American (98%). Seventy-three percent of injuries occurred at the patient’s home and 88% of incidents involved another person in the hair braiding process. The mean total body surface area of burn was 5% (range 1–20%). The most commonly involved areas were the back (54%), thigh/leg (37%), neck (24%), shoulder (24%), and arm/forearm (22%). Ninety percent were entirely partial thickness injuries with 10% of patients suffering some degree of full thickness injury. Ninety percent of patients required inpatient admission, and 36% of patients required at least one operative procedure. For those managed as inpatients, the average length of stay was 5.4 days (range 1–30 days). Three patients were reported to experience complications with one developing respiratory failure and two with delayed wound healing. Conclusions Hair braiding, with the use of scalding water to seal and set the ends of braids, can lead to significant accidental burn injuries. At our institution, these injuries occur predominantly in young African-American females. These burns can result in acute hospitalization and the need for surgical intervention. This is the largest series of this injury type to date with trends towards increasing frequency in the most recent time period.

scholarly journals Stay-at-Home Orders, African American Population, Poverty and State-level Covid-19 Infections: Are there associations?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeetha Padalabalanarayanan ◽  
Vidya Sagar Hanumanthu ◽  
Bisakha P. Sen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
African American ◽  
State Level ◽  
American Population ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
African American Population ◽  
Log Linear ◽  
Health Experts ◽  
At Home

AbstractImportanceTo cope with the continuing COVID-19 pandemic, state and local health officials need information on the effectiveness of policies aimed at curbing contagion, as well as area-specific socio-demographic characteristics that can portend vulnerability to the disease.ObjectiveTo investigate whether state-imposed stay-at-home orders, African American population in the state, state poverty and other state socio-demographic characteristics, were associated with the state-level incidence of COVID-19 infection.Design, Setting, ParticipantsState-level, aggregated, publicly available data on positive COVID-19 cases and tests were used. The period considered was March 1st-May 4th. All U.S. states except Washington were included. Outcomes of interest were daily cumulative and daily incremental COVID-19 infection rates. Outcomes were log-transformed. Log-linear regression models with a quadratic time-trend and random intercepts for states were estimated. Covariates included log-transformed test-rates, a binary indicator for stay-at-home, percentage of African American, poverty, percentage elderly, state population and prevalence of selected comorbidities. Binary ‘fixed effects’ for date each state first started reporting test data were included.ResultsStay-at-home orders were associated with decreases in cumulative (β:-1.23; T-stat: - 6.84) and daily (β:-0.46; T-stat: −2.56) infection-rates. Predictive analyses indicated that expected cumulative infection rates would be 3 times higher and expected daily incremental rates about 60% higher in absence of stay-at-home orders. Higher African American population was associated with higher cumulative (β: 0.08; T-stat: 4.01) and daily (β: 0.06; T-stat: 3.50) rates. State poverty rates had mixed results and were not robust to model specifications. There was strong evidence of a quadratic daily trend for cumulative and daily rates. Results were largely robust to alternate specifications.ConclusionsWe find evidence that stay-at-home orders, which were widely supported by public-health experts, helped to substantially curb COVID-19 infection-rates. As we move to a phased re-opening, continued precautions advised by public-health experts should be adhered to. Also, a larger African American population is strongly associated with incidence of COVID-19 infection. Policies and resources to help mitigate African American vulnerability to COVID-19 is an urgent public health and social justice issue, especially since the ongoing mass protests against police brutality may further exacerbate COVID-19 contagion in this community.Key PointsQuestionDid the stay-at-home orders, African American population and other socio demographic factors across states have any associations with COVID-19 infection rates across states?FindingsMultivariate log-linear regression models using daily state level data from March-May found evidence that when stay-at-home orders were implemented, they helped reduce state COVID-19 cumulative and daily infection rates substantially. Further, we found that states with larger African-American population had higher COVID-19 infection rates.MeaningResults suggest that state-level stay-at-home orders helped reduce COVID-19 infection rates substantially, and also that African American populations may be especially vulnerable to COVID-19 infection.

Banjos and Ballads

2019 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Philip Gerard
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Sacred Music ◽  
Camp Meetings ◽  
At Home

America in 1860 is enjoying a spirited musical age, and the men who march off to war take their music with them: fiddles banjos, guitars, mouth harps, strong voices. The Confederacy no longer recognizes US. Copyright, so best-selling songs like “Old Folks at Home” by Stephen Foster are pirated by presses in Charleston and New Orleans. “Dixie’s Land,” written by Daniel Decatur Emmett based on a tune he heard played by two African American brothers (Ben and Lew Snowden) becomes the anthem of the Confederacy. Music is played to soothe the grief of loved ones at home. Sacred music enlivens camp meetings. The slave cabins on the line reverberate with their own spirituals about liberation from bondage, and the USCT are remarkable for their singing. The best-selling song of all time is “When This Cruel War Is Over,” (a.k.a. “Weeping Sad and Lonely”). Its fatalistic lyrics are so demoralizing that many commanders in both armies ban it.

Performing Ethnicity

Island Gospel ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 125-149
Author(s):  
Melvin L. Butler
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Musical Style ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Generational Difference ◽  
Contemporary Gospel ◽  
At Home

This chapter explores the notion of “religious ethnicity” as a layered mode of self-presentation encompassing Jamaican, Pentecostal, and “black” musical markers of identity. It demonstrates the ways in which believers perform their religious ethnicity through musical style both at home on the island and abroad. Recordings of African American contemporary gospel singers, such as Donnie McClurkin, provide a means for Jamaican youth to perform a modern Pentecostal identity cast as oppositional to the "white-sounding" hymnody preferred in conservative churches. Borrowing from the work of Gerardo Marti, the chapter argues that Pentecostals perform “pan-ethnic,” “ethnic specific,” and “ethnic transcendent” identities. While competing stylistic preferences are sometimes reconciled through discourses of generational difference, many believers choose to live and worship in the complexity of seemingly incompatible musical repertories.

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