601 Burn Injuries Associated with At-home Hair Braiding

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S152-S153
Author(s):  
Afaaf Shakir ◽  
Megan Teele ◽  
Annemarie O’Connor ◽  
Lawrence J Gottlieb ◽  
Sebastian Q Vrouwe
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Burn Center ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
At Home

Abstract Introduction Hair braiding that incorporates synthetic extensions has increased in popularity across all age groups. During the styling process, the ends of the braid are commonly dipped in hot water. As a result of this practice, an increasing number of patients have presented to our Burn Center after containers of recently boiled water are accidentally tipped over and spilled onto patients. Here, we report on patient demographics, outcomes, and our experience managing this injury pattern. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed of all patients who sustained burn injuries associated with at-home hair braiding presenting to an ABA-verified Burn Center between January 1, 2006 and July 31, 2020. Data on patient demographics, injury characteristics, wound management and, burn outcomes was collected. Results A total of 41 patients presented over the study period with burn injuries related to at-home hair braiding. The frequency of this type of burn increased over time, with 54% of injuries occurring in the last three years (2018–2020). The mean patient age was 7.5 years (range 0.7 – 32 years). Demographically, the vast majority of patients were under 18 years of age (90%), female (95%), and African American (98%). Seventy-three percent of injuries occurred at the patient’s home and 88% of incidents involved another person in the hair braiding process. The mean total body surface area of burn was 5% (range 1–20%). The most commonly involved areas were the back (54%), thigh/leg (37%), neck (24%), shoulder (24%), and arm/forearm (22%). Ninety percent were entirely partial thickness injuries with 10% of patients suffering some degree of full thickness injury. Ninety percent of patients required inpatient admission, and 36% of patients required at least one operative procedure. For those managed as inpatients, the average length of stay was 5.4 days (range 1–30 days). Three patients were reported to experience complications with one developing respiratory failure and two with delayed wound healing. Conclusions Hair braiding, with the use of scalding water to seal and set the ends of braids, can lead to significant accidental burn injuries. At our institution, these injuries occur predominantly in young African-American females. These burns can result in acute hospitalization and the need for surgical intervention. This is the largest series of this injury type to date with trends towards increasing frequency in the most recent time period.

726 The Use of Xeroform Dressings for Partial Thickness Scald Burn Injuries in a Verified Pediatric Burn Center

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S194-S195
Author(s):  
Lisa C Vitale ◽  
Jennifer Livingston ◽  
Erica Curtis ◽  
Katherine Oag ◽  
Christina M Shanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Wound Complications ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Burn Center ◽  
Partial Thickness ◽  
Partial Thickness Burn ◽  
At Home

Abstract Introduction For children who have suffered a burn injury one of the greatest challenges is managing pain with an adequate yet practical burn wound dressing that will ultimately be managed at home. Medical product companies have created a variety of wound care products available on the market. These products are advertised to be more superior over one another in categories such as decrease in wound infections, minimization of pain, ease of dressing application, increased dressing wear time, and better wound healing. With all the options for burn wound care there are many factors to consider when choosing a burn dressing such as cost, ease of dressing for families at home, comfort, and efficacy. At our ten year verified pediatric burn center we have tried many different burn wound care products, however we have found Xeroform and bacitracin to be the most practical and easy to use for our patient population. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed from 2016–2018 of all cascading scald injuries to children 0–5 years of age treated at our verified pediatric burn center. 179 patients were included in this review. Of those patients a total of 52 patients were excluded, 28 patients had no follow up, 21 patients received alternate dressings, and 3 patients had full thickness injuries requiring a split thickness skin graft (STSG). Charts were reviewed for total body surface area (TBSA), length of stay (LOS), discharge dressing type, complications, and time to healing. All patients included routinely received consistent application of the Xeroform and bacitracin. Results 127 patients discharged with Xeroform dressings were included in this study with an average age of 1.4 years old (range 0–5 years) and average TBSA of 2.5% (range 0.25–13%). The average LOS was 1.6 days (range 1–10 days). In this sample 32 (25%) patients were healed within 7 days. 77 (61%) patients were healed within 7–14 days. 11 (9%) patients were healed within 14–21 days. 7 (5%) patients were healed in greater than 21 days. There were no wound complications identified within this study group. Conclusions Using Xeroform as our standard of practice has streamlined the care provided to our patients. We have demonstrated consistent effective re-epithelization, protection from infection, and ease of dressings for families and burn providers. In our experience Xeroform has provided a versatile way to care for partial thickness burn injuries. Applicability of Research to Practice We suggest Xeroform and bacitracin dressings be used for partial thickness burn injuries in patients under 5 years of age. This dressing may be superior to other products because it allows for bathing while providing good wound epithelization and is easy to use.

550 A retrospective Study of a Zinc-oxide/dimethicone for Pediatric Perineal Burn Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S123-S124
Author(s):  
Waseem Diab ◽  
Elika Ridelman ◽  
Dawn Cloutier ◽  
Lisa C Vitale ◽  
Justin D Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Silver Sulfadiazine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Burn Wounds ◽  
Burn Center ◽  
At Home

Abstract Introduction Silver-based treatments have seen widespread use for the management of burns. Recent literature, however, has demonstrated silver nanoparticles may negatively impact healing time due to its toxic effect on keratinocytes and fibroblasts at higher concentrations. At our institution, an ABA-verified pediatric burn center, the use of a silver sulfadiazine cream for management of post-discharge perineal and genital burn wounds has been replaced by a zinc-oxide/dimethicone spray-on solution initiated for its comparative ease of use. The dimethicone allows the spray to be occlusive without interfering with clothing, yet easily removed. We believed this would improve compliance with at-home treatments. Zinc-oxide’s antimicrobial activity has been demonstrated in vitro and the results from animal studies are promising for burn management. This is the first study of zinc-oxide’s efficacy as a burn management agent in humans. Our burn center’s experience with both silver sulfadiazine and zinc-oxide/dimethicone creates an opportunity to compare these products for the treatment of burn wounds. We sought to analyze the time to healing of burns treated by silver sulfadiazine against zinc-oxide/dimethicone in order to determine if zinc-oxide/dimethicone, in its easy-to-use form, is a viable alternative to silver sulfadiazine. Methods A retrospective review of medical records was conducted at a large pediatric verified burn center. Data on 98 patients was collected from the burn registry and electronic medical records. 58 patients received silver sulfadiazine while 40 received zinc-oxide/dimethicone. Four patients were removed from the silver sulfadiazine group due to incomplete data. All patients were initially treated by the burn team with follow up in burn clinic on a weekly basis until healing was achieved. Results Time to healing was significantly lower in the zinc-oxide/dimethicone intervention group (10.61 +/- .918 days) than the silver sulfadiazine control group (16.88 +/- 2.134 days). The silver sulfadiazine group contained patients with total body surface area burns significantly greater than the zinc-oxide/dimethicone group (mean: 11.57% versus 6.64%); likely due to selective treatment when zinc-oxide/dimethicone was first introduced at our facility. Differences in depth and size of burn wounds may have confound our results and negatively impacted healing time in the control group. No infection, allergic reaction, or other adverse events were noted in any patient. Conclusions Zinc-oxide/dimethicone had a significantly lower healing time than silver sulfadiazine in the treatment of at-home, post-discharge 2nd degree pediatric burns to the perineum, genitalia, suprapubis, and buttocks. Further study is needed to quantify its efficacy.

Time-to-simulation for radiation oncology patients in an academic department.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (31_suppl) ◽  
pp. 176-176
Author(s):  
Nirav S. Kapadia ◽  
Kathy Ann Lash
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Radiation Oncology ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis ◽  
Wait Times ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Provider Factor ◽  
One Way Anova

176 Background: In 2011, one of the two clinical simulators in our department was decomissioned in order to enable the construction of a clinical magnetic resonance (MR) simulator. As result, our clinical simulator capacity decreased resulting in increased wait times for patients undergoing treatment planning. In turn, there was a perceived increase in the number of patients added onto the simulator schedule (add-ons) immediately following consultation. This created problems of workflow on the simulator and increased clinic wait times for previously scheduled patients. A clinical Lean team was formed with the intent of 1) quantifying the number of daily add-ons and 2) identifying predictors of add-ons so that the frequency of add-ons could be predicted and if possible, load-leveled. Methods: Over an eight-week period, frequency of simulator add-ons was correlated with de-identified patient data abstracted from the medical record using one-way ANOVA and student t-tests to assess the statistical hypothesis that a patient, disease, or provider factor increased the likelihood of a patient add-on. Interviews were conducted with the clinical staff to determine perceived frequency of add-ons, predictors of add-ons, and to evaluate the rationale for add-ons. Results: On average, 7.9 (range 7.3-8.7) simulations were performed daily in our department and 0.95 (0.7-1.4) patients were added onto the simulator daily. Patient demographics, day of consultation, inpatient vs outpatient status, treating and referring physician, as well as cancer diagnosis were examined. A statistical trend for add-on patients on Friday (p=0.064, vs. Monday) was found. One physician's patients accounted for 36% of the Friday add-ons over the eight week period. The physician was interviewed and her rationale for adding-on patients was determined. Conclusions: The mean number of add-on patients was determined to be acceptably low in our department and was on average less than one patient daily. A trend for an increased likelihoood of add-on patients with a particular Friday provider was noted and as such future efforts will be directed at mitigating the number of this physician's add-on patients.

Most prominent factors contributing to burn injury-related amputations: an analysis of a referral Burn Center

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayhan Gurbuz ◽  
Mete Demir ◽  
Abdulkadir Basaran ◽  
Koray Das
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Burn Center ◽  
Severe Burns ◽  
Fire Flame

Abstract Amputations are un-common surgical procedures in patients with severe burn injuries. However, these patients often face extreme physical and psychological challenges that result in social stigmatization and inadequate rehabilitation facilities. A retrospective cohort study was designed for the patients admitted to the Burn Center of Adana City Training and Research Hospital (ACTRH). During the study period, a total of 2007 patients aged 0.5 to 92 years were hospitalized and treated at the burn center from January 2016 to June 2020. The incidence of amputation observed among inpatient burn injuries regardless of the etiology was 1.9%, and 87.2% were male. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to detect the most prominent factors contributing to burn injury-related amputations. The cause of burns appears to be one of the main factors in the past research, and in this context, the electrical burns stand out, likewise, the fire-flame-related burns, full-thickness burns, the existence of infection, male gender, patients aged within the 18 to 64 age group, and the burn extent within the total body surface area (TBSA) range of 10 to <50% were found to be the most leading factors of amputations among patients having severe burns. Although they are rare, amputations related to burns commonly cause a decrease in quality of life. Therefore, besides increasing occupational health and safety methods for these risk groups, especially for adults of working age; also, it is essential to increase the importance and awareness of the precautions to be taken in daily life.

98 A 10-year Retrospective Review of Older Adult Admissions at a Regional Burn Center

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S64-S65
Author(s):  
Stephanie Campbell ◽  
Trina Andres
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Prevention Programming ◽  
Burn Center ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Fire Flame

Abstract Introduction A verified regional burn center conducted a 10-year retrospective review of older adult patients admitted to the burn service. The primary goal of the review was to examine trends in mechanisms of injury, demographics, and outcomes to inform burn prevention programming. Methods Admission data from 2009–2018 was retrieved from burn center databases and combined into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Older adults were defined as age 65 years and older. Patients admitted to the burn service for skin disorders or soft tissue infections were excluded. Patients with cutaneous burn injuries or inhalation only injuries were included. Results The total number of patients included was 697. Nearly a third of the patients were 65 to 69 years old, with incidence declining with each subsequent 5-year age group. Males accounted for 61.3% of admissions. Two thirds of the patients were White (67.6%). The other third consisted of Black (18.4%) and Hispanic (9.8%), Asian (1.9%) and Native American (0.14%) patients. Overall mortality was 14%. Mortality generally increased per 5-year age group: 65–69 (7.8%), 70–74 (10.6%), 75–79 (13.7%), 80–84 (20.6%), 85–89 (29.8%), 90–94 (24.2%), and 95–99 (42.9%). Baux scores ranged from 65 to 180. The highest Baux score that lived to discharge was 119. The average Baux score of the mortality group was 114 and the average of the lived group was 82. No patients with a Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) above 43% lived. Fire/flame burns accounted for 72.7%. Scald burns made up 19.9%, contact burns 3%, chemical burns 2.3% and electrical burns < 1%. Nearly a quarter (24.6%) of fire/flame burns were related to smoking on home oxygen therapy (HOT), which was also the overall most common mechanism at 17.8%. Other fire/flame mechanisms included housefires (21.2%), clothing catching on fire (16.9%), and gasoline-related injuries (11.7%). More than 70% of scald burns came from the three mechanisms: hot tap water, boiling water, and hot grease. For the mortality group, a third of patients had been injured in housefires (32.7%), followed by clothing catching on fire (17.4%) and HOT burns (12.2%). Conclusions Incidence rates decline with increasing age but mortality rates climb. Burn injuries with a TBSA greater than 40% are generally fatal in the older adult. Flame burns account for the majority of injuries with HOT and house fire injuries as the leading mechanisms. Scald burns were most often caused by hot tap water or boiling water. White older adults accounted for more than double the number of patients identified in all other races combined. Applicability of Research to Practice The demographics and mechanism of injury insight gained from this review can be utilized to inform prevention programming design in this region. Trends in mortality can help emphasize the seriousness of preventing older adult burn injuries and anticipate the mortality risk for older adults admitted to the burn center.

scholarly journals Burn recidivism: a 10-year retrospective study characterizing patients with repeated burn injuries at a large tertiary referral burn center in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Laughon ◽  
Bradley N. Gaynes ◽  
Lori P. Chrisco ◽  
Samuel W. Jones ◽  
Felicia N. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
The United States ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Hospital Charges ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Burn Center ◽  
Trauma Recidivism

Abstract Background Psychiatric and substance use disorders are common among trauma and burn patients and are known risk factors for repeat episodes of trauma, known as trauma recidivism. The epidemiology of burn recidivism, specifically, has not been described. This study aimed to characterize cases of burn recidivism at a large US tertiary care burn center and compare burn recidivists (RCs) with non-recidivists (NRCs). Methods A 10-year retrospective descriptive cohort study of adult burn patients admitted to the North Carolina Jaycee Burn Center was conducted using data from an electronic burn registry and the medical record. Continuous variables were reported using medians and interquartile ranges (IQR). Chi-square and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare demographic, burn, and hospitalization characteristics between NRCs and RCs. Results A total of 7134 burn patients were admitted, among which 51 (0.7%) were RCs and accounted for 129 (1.8%) admissions. Of the 51 RCs, 37 had two burn injuries each, totaling 74 admissions as a group, while the remaining 14 RCs had between three and eight burn injuries each, totaling 55 admissions as a group. Compared to NRCs, RCs were younger (median age 36 years vs. 42 years, p = 0.02) and more likely to be white (75% vs. 60%, p = 0.03), uninsured (45% vs. 30%, p = 0.02), have chemical burns (16% vs. 5%, p <  0.0001), and have burns that were ≤ 10% total body surface area (89% vs. 76%, p = 0.001). The mortality rate for RCs vs. NRCs did not differ (0% vs. 1.2%, p = 0.41). Psychiatric and substance use disorders were approximately five times greater among RCs compared to NRCs (75% vs. 15%, p <  0.001). Median total hospital charges per patient were nearly three times higher for RCs vs. NRCs ($85,736 vs. $32,023, p <  0.0001). Conclusions Distinct from trauma recidivism, burn recidivism is not associated with more severe injury or increased mortality. Similar to trauma recidivists, but to a greater extent, burn RCs have high rates of comorbid psychiatric and medical conditions that contribute to increased health care utilization and costs. Studies involving larger samples from multiple centers can further clarify whether these findings are generalizable to national burn and trauma populations.

scholarly journals No Change in Fireworks-Related Burn Center Admissions: A 10-Year Analysis of the Admission Rates, Treatment, and Costs

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Daan Van Yperen ◽  
Margriet Van Baar ◽  
Suzanne Polinder ◽  
Paul Van Zuijlen ◽  
Gerard Beerthuizen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Admission Rate ◽  
National Database ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Burn Center ◽  
The Past ◽  
Number Of Patients

The aim of this study was to provide insight into the admission rate, treatment, and healthcare costs of patients with fireworks-related burns admitted to a Dutch burn center in the past 10 years. We hypothesized that, like the nationwide number of injuries, the number of patients admitted to a burn center with fireworks-related burn injuries would have decreased during the study period. In this retrospective multicenter cohort study, all patients with fireworks-related burns admitted to a Dutch burn center between 2009 and 2019 were eligible. Patients were identified from a national database and data were obtained regarding admission details, patient and injury characteristics, treatment, and healthcare costs. A total of 133 patients were included. On average, 12 patients were admitted per year. No increase or decrease was observed during the study period. The median total body surface area burned was 1% (P25–P75 0.5–2.5) and 75% of the burns were of partial thickness. Thirteen (10%) patients were admitted to the ICU and 66 (50%) underwent surgical treatment. The mean total healthcare costs across all 133 patients were estimated at €9040 (95% CI €5830 to €12,260) per patient. In contrast to the hypothesis, no increase or decrease was observed in burn center admissions over the past 10 years. Most burns were of small size, but nevertheless, all patients were admitted to a burn center and half of them underwent surgical treatment.

scholarly journals The Effect of Transfer on Outcomes in Burns

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan E Bodily ◽  
Elizabeth H Bruenderman ◽  
Neal Bhutiani ◽  
Selena The ◽  
Jessica E Schucht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Burn Care ◽  
Burn Center ◽  
Field Versus ◽  
High Acuity ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Inhalation Burn

Abstract Patients with burn injuries are often initially transported to centers without burn capabilities, requiring subsequent transfer to a higher level of care. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of this treatment delay on outcomes. Adult burn patients meeting American Burn Association (ABA) criteria for transfer at a single burn center were retrospectively identified. A total of 122 patients were evenly divided into two cohorts – those directly admitted to a burn center from the field, versus those transferred to a burn center from an outlying facility. There was no difference between the transfer and direct admit cohorts with respect to age, percent total body surface area burned, concomitant injury, or intubation prior to admission. Transfer patients experienced a longer median time from injury to burn center admission (1 vs. 8 hours, p &lt, 0.01). Directly admitted patients were more likely to have inhalation burn (18 vs. 4, p &lt, 0.01), require intubation after admission (10 vs. 2, p = 0.03), require an emergent procedure (18 vs. 5, p &lt, 0.01), and develop infectious complications (14 vs. 5, p = 0.04). There was no difference in ventilator days, number of operations, length of stay, or mortality. The results suggest that significantly injured, high acuity burn patients were more likely to be immediately identified and taken directly to a burn center. Patients who otherwise met ABA criteria for transfer were not affected by short delays in transfer to definitive burn care.

scholarly journals Petrol-related burn injuries presenting to the Victorian Adult Burns Service

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Sadhishaan Sreedharan ◽  
Hana Menezes ◽  
Heathe Cleland ◽  
Stephen Goldie
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Alfred Hospital ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Injury Burden

Introduction: Burns fuelled by petrol are a major cause of injury in Australia and New Zealand. The same quality of explosive ignition that makes petrol so valuable as a fuel can cause injuries when handled carelessly or used for a purpose for which it was not intended. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study that examined the epidemiology of patients admitted to the Victorian Adult Burns Service (VABS) based at the Alfred Hospital, Melbourne. Data were extracted from the VABS Database on patients presenting over a seven-year period, between 1st July 2009 to 30th June 2016.  Results: During the study period, 378 out of 1927 burns (19.6%) admissions were related to petrol use. Males aged 20 – 29 years were most at risk, contributing to 25.4% of petrol related burn injuries. A large portion of burns, 31.0%, occurred during a leisure activity. The mean total body surface area burnt in this cohort was 19.3% and surgery was required in 70.4% of cases. Petrol related burns injuries is estimated to cost AU$ 5,484,834 annually and had a mortality rate of 7.4%. Conclusion: Misuse of petrol contributed to a substantial injury burden to Victorians. Raising community awareness through preventive strategies targeted at high-risk groups of at-risk behaviours is warranted to reduce the incidence of petrol related burn injuries.

scholarly journals The Effect of Pre-Incision Field Block versus Post-Incision Inguinal Wound Infiltration on Postoperative Pain after Paediatric Herniotomy

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 666-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeon Olafimihan Olanipekun ◽  
Oyebola Olubodun Adekola ◽  
Ibironke Desalu ◽  
Olusola Temitayo Kushimo
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Recovery Room ◽  
Wound Infiltration ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Group I ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Inguinal Herniotomy ◽  
At Home

BACKGROUND: The Ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block has been shown to significantly decrease opioid analgesic requirements and side effects after inguinal herniotomy. We compared the effect of pre-incisional field block with 0.25% bupivacaine and post-incisional wound infiltration with 0.25% bupivacaine for postoperative pain control after inguinal herniotomy.PATIENTS & METHODS: This was a randomized controlled double blind study in 62 ASA I and II children aged 1-7 years scheduled for inguinal herniotomy. They were assigned to receive either pre-incision field block (group I) or post-incision wound infiltration at the time of wound closure (group II). The pain score was assessed in the recovery room using mCHEOPS score and VAS or FLACC score at home by the parents for 24 hours.RESULTS: The mean pain scores during the 2 hour stay in the recovery room, at 12 and 18 hours at home were similar in both groups, p > 0.05. However, the mean pain scores were significantly lower at 6 hours at home in group I (1.22 ± 0.57) than in group II (1.58 ±0.90), p <0.001, but significantly higher at 24 hours at home in group I (3.29 ± 0.46) than in group II (2.32 ± 0.24), p = 0.040.There was no difference in mean paracetamol requirement, and in the number of patients who required paracetamol for pain relief at home in both groups, p > 0.05.CONCLUSION: We have demonstrated that both pre-incisional ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric field block and post incisional wound infiltration provided adequate postoperative analgesia for 24 hours after inguinal herniotomy.

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