Potential carbon sources for the head-down deposit-feeding polychaete Heteromastus filiformis

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Clough ◽  
Glenn R. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Deposit Feeding ◽  
Potential Carbon ◽  
Heteromastus Filiformis

scholarly journals The Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Waste Polystyrene Fragments Attained Using Oxidative Degradation

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Johnston ◽  
Iza Radecka ◽  
David Hill ◽  
Emo Chiellini ◽  
Vassilka Ilieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Genetic Profile ◽  
Waste Plastics ◽  
Stability Robustness ◽  
Rich Media ◽  
Cupriavidus Necator H16 ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Potential Carbon

Excessive levels of plastic waste in our oceans and landfills indicate that there is an abundance of potential carbon sources with huge economic value being neglected. These waste plastics, through biological fermentation, could offer alternatives to traditional petrol-based plastics. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a group of plastics produced by some strains of bacteria that could be part of a new generation of polyester materials that are biodegradable, biocompatible, and, most importantly, non-toxic if discarded. This study introduces the use of prodegraded high impact and general polystyrene (PS0). Polystyrene is commonly used in disposable cutlery, CD cases, trays, and packaging. Despite these applications, some forms of polystyrene PS remain financially and environmentally expensive to send to landfills. The prodegraded PS0 waste plastics used were broken down at varied high temperatures while exposed to ozone. These variables produced PS flakes (PS1–3) and a powder (PS4) with individual acid numbers. Consequently, after fermentation, different PHAs and amounts of biomass were produced. The bacterial strain, Cupriavidus necator H16, was selected for this study due to its well-documented genetic profile, stability, robustness, and ability to produce PHAs at relatively low temperatures. The accumulation of PHAs varied from 39% for prodegraded PS0 in nitrogen rich media to 48% (w/w) of dry biomass with the treated PS. The polymers extracted from biomass were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) to assess their molecular structure and properties. In conclusion, the PS0–3 specimens were shown to be the most promising carbon sources for PHA biosynthesis; with 3-hydroxybutyrate and up to 12 mol % of 3-hydroxyvalerate and 3-hydroxyhexanoate co-monomeric units generated.

Biotechnological route for sustainable succinate production utilizing oil palm frond and kenaf as potential carbon sources

2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (8) ◽  
pp. 3055-3075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Amru Indera Luthfi ◽  
Shareena Fairuz Abdul Manaf ◽  
Rosli Md Illias ◽  
Shuhaida Harun ◽  
Abdul Wahab Mohammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Succinate Production ◽  
Oil Palm Frond ◽  
Potential Carbon ◽  
Palm Frond

Effects of Solid Organic Carbon on Nitrate Remove in Groundwater

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2285-2289
Author(s):  
Yun Xiao Jin ◽  
Hai Mei Fu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Solid Carbon ◽  
Solid Carbon Source ◽  
Source Materials ◽  
Potential Carbon

In groundwater, the lack of carbon source is a key problem of in-situ denitrification. It is very important to choose appropriate solid carbon-source materials. In this work, wheatstraw and sawdust were selected as potential carbon sources to evaluate the performance for in-situ biological denitrification in groundwater by column experiments. The results showed that sawdust was a suitable corbon source with less release of nitrogen compounds and relatively stable release of organic carbon, compared with wheatstraw, and was applicable for further use as a filling material in in-situ ground water bioremediation.

Behavior of solid carbon sources for biological denitrification in groundwater remediation

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 1696-1704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianmei Zhang ◽  
Chuanping Feng ◽  
Siqi Hong ◽  
Huiling Hao ◽  
Yingnan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Groundwater Remediation ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Denitrification Activity ◽  
Leaching Experiments ◽  
Potential Carbon ◽  
Stimulation Of

The present study was conducted to compare the behavior of wheat straw, sawdust and biodegradable plastic (BP) as potential carbon sources for denitrification in groundwater remediation. The results showed that a greater amount of nitrogen compounds were released from wheat straw and sawdust than from BP in leaching experiments. In batch experiments, BP showed higher nitrate removal efficiency and longer service life than wheat straw and sawdust, which illustrated that BP is the most appropriate carbon source for stimulation of denitrification activity. In column experiments, BP was able to support complete denitrification at influent nitrate concentrations of 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 mg NO3−-N/L, showing corresponding denitrification rates of 0.12, 0.14, 0.17, 0.19, and 0.22 mg NO3−-N.L−1.d−1.g−1, respectively. These findings indicate that BP is applicable for use as a carbon source for nitrate-polluted groundwater remediation.

scholarly journals Kajian Potensi Limbah Pertanian Sebagai Sumber Karbon Pada Produksi Avicelase dan CMCase dari Bacillus circulans

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrullah Hamdan Rahmadani ◽  
Evi Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Bacillus Circulans ◽  
Production Medium ◽  
Cmcase Activity ◽  
Lignocellulosic Substrates ◽  
Potential Carbon ◽  
Better Than

AbstrakAvicelase dan CMCase mewakili aktivitas eksoselulase dan endoselulase, termasuk dua dari tiga jenis selulase dalam sistem selulase yang dihasilkan oleh Bacillus circulans. Ekspresi keduanya sangat dipengaruhi oleh jumlah dan jenis sumber karbon dalam media produksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui jenis dan konsentrasi limbah pertanian terbaik untuk menghasilkan avicelase dan CMCase dari B. circulans serta kemampuan sistem selulase tersebut untuk mendegradasi substrat lignoselulosa. Limbah pertanian yang diteliti berupa ampas tebu, bonggol jagung dan sekam. Limbah pertanian tersebut digunakan sebagai satu-satunya sumber karbon pada media produksi. Avicel digunakan sebagai sumber karbon pembanding. Aktivitas avicelase dan CMCase ditentukan berdasar jumlah gula pereduksi yang dihasilkan dengan menggunakan metoda Somogy-Nelson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua limbah pertanian yang diteliti berpotensi sebagai sumber karbon yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan avicel untuk produksi avicelase dan CMCase dari B. circulans. Limbah pertanian yang terbaik adalah ampas tebu. Penggunaan ampas tebu pada konsentrasi 0,5 % menghasilkan aviselase dan CMCase sebesar 309,39 dan 405,48 U/mL. Sistem selulase yang dihasilkan mampu mendegradasi ampas tebu, bonggol jagung dan sekam.Kata kunci : avicelase, CMCase, limbah pertanian, sumber kabon, Bacillus circulansAbstractAvicelase and CMCase activity represent exocellulase and endocellulase, including two of the three types of cellulase in the cellulase system produced by Bacillus circulans. Expression both of them strongly influenced by the amount and type of carbon source in the production medium. The aims of this research were to determine the type and concentration of the best agricultural waste to generate avicelase and CMCase from B. circulans and their ability to degrade lignocellulosic substrates. Studied agricultural wastes are bagasse, corn stalks and husks. Agricultural waste is used as the sole carbon source in media production. Avicel is used as a comparable carbon source. Avicel and CMCase activity are determined based on the amount of the reducing sugars is generated by using the method of Somogy - Nelson. The results showed that all the studied agricultural waste was a potential carbon source better than ethical for avicelase and CMCase production from B. circulans. Agricultural waste bagasse was the best one. The use of 0.5 % bagasse produce CMCase and aviselase at 309.39 and 405.48 U / mL respectively. The resulting system was able to degrade bagasse , corn stalks and husks.Keywords : avicelase , CMCase , agricultural waste , carbon sources , Bacillus circulans

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