Emission Spectrometric Determination of Trace Metals in Biological Tissues

1973 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 342-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Webb ◽  
William Niedermeier ◽  
James H. Griggs ◽  
Thomas N. James
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Spectrometric Method ◽  
Direct Reading ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Trace Metal Analysis ◽  
Dc Arc

An emission spectrometric method of analysis is described which permits duplicate analyses to be performed on 1-g specimens of tissue for 13 elements in the microgram percent range. Pig hearts were dissected into 17 separate pieces representing discrete anatomic sites. Samples were prepared for analysis by low temperature wet digestion. On the basis of their composition of the macro elements sodium, potassium, and phosphorus, these tissues could be divided into two groups: one including blood vessels and heart valves, and the other including ordinary and specialized myocardium. A method is described for adjusting the macro element composition of these tissues to that of a common matrix, thus allowing trace metal analysis of both groups of tissues to be performed using only a single set of standards. A solution of the ash was placed in hollow cup graphite electrodes with center posts, evaporated to dryness, and analyzed in the dc arc with a Jarrell-Ash model 66,000 direct reading emission spectrometer. At concentrations above 10 µg%, the coefficient of variation was about 10% for most of the trace metals studied.

Emission Spectrometric Determination of Trace Elements in Biological Fluids

1971 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Niedermeier ◽  
James H. Griggs ◽  
Richard S. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Spectrometric Method ◽  
Direct Reading ◽  
Iron Aluminum ◽  
Dc Arc

An emission spectrometric method of analysis is described, in which trace quantities of copper, iron, aluminum, barium, manganese, nickel, cesium, tin, strontium, chromium, zinc, lead, molybdenum, and cadmium were determined in blood serum. The sample preparation, starting with 2.0 ml of blood serum, is discussed in detail. The source of excitation was a 10 A dc arc. Quantitation was achieved with a direct reading emission spectrometer. The metal concentration, in micrograms per 100 ml of blood serum, was calculated from the experimental data by means of a computer.

scholarly journals Total-Burn Spectrographic Determination of Silicon in Plutonium

1967 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Ko
Keyword(s):  
Internal Standard ◽  
Germanium Dioxide ◽  
Plutonium Dioxide ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Spectrographic Determination ◽  
Spectrographic Method ◽  
Trace Concentrations ◽  
Dc Arc ◽  
Ppm Level

A total-burn spectrographic method has been applied to the determination of trace concentrations of silicon in plutonium. The sample is oxidized to plutonium dioxide, mixed with a germanium dioxide—graphite mixture containing tin internal standard, packed into cupped graphite electrodes, and burned to completion in a high-amperage dc arc. Plutonium spectral interference is avoided by using the less sensitive Si 2506.90-Å line. The lower limit of the determination is 25 ppm of silicon in plutonium. The precision of the method is estimated to be ±8% (coefficient of variation) at the 270-ppm level and ±14% at 40 ppm.

Rapid Direct-Reading Spectrochemical Method for the Determination of Trace Metals in the Ash from Catalytic Feed Stocks.

1964 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 1955-1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean. Hoggan ◽  
C. E. Marquart ◽  
W. R. Battles
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Direct Reading

The Controlled Atmosphere Direct Current Arc for the Quantitative Determination of Trace Metals in Organics

1965 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Nash
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Controlled Atmosphere ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
Dc Arc

A method has been developed to permit the quantitative determination of trace metals in polypropylene and other organic materials in which the total ash content ranges from 0.10 per cent to less than 0.001 per cent by weight. A small sample of the material is ashed directly in the electrode. A fixed amount of germanium internal standard solution is added to the electrode and dried Standards are prepared by adding weighed amounts of a plastic dispersion containing known amounts of the elements to be determined to specially prepared electrodes. Using a controlled atmosphere chamber the prepared electrodes are excited with a dc arc in an atmosphere of argon and oxygen and the spectra recorded photographically.

Electrodes for Trace Impurity Analysis and Determination of Traces in Gallium

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Trace Determination ◽  
Trace Impurities ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Impurity Analysis ◽  
Gallium Metal ◽  
Ultra Trace ◽  
Dc Arc

Electrodes of several graphite makers have been evaluated and compared for weight consistency and impurities for the purpose of developing techniques to determine trace impurities in material which can take advantage of preferential volatilization. A technique suitable for pre-arcing graphite electrodes in an argon atmosphere has been developed for minimizing the impurity background in the electrode cup so that ultra-trace determination is possible. The purified and selected electrodes are used in development of a spectrochemical method for determining trace impurities in gallium metal. The technique takes advantage of strong preferential volatilization of the metals in a dc arc with sequential exposures used for improvement of signal-to-noise ratio. A new sampling technique and standardization method are discussed. Special problems related to the analysis of gallium are investigated, and analytical results are shown.

A Direct-Reading Spectrometric Solution Method for the Partial Analysis of High-Silica Materials

1965 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 186-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Eardley ◽  
H. S. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Solution Method ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Spectrometric Method ◽  
Direct Reading ◽  
Partial Analysis ◽  
Silica Materials ◽  
High Silica ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Spectral Intensities

The development of a direct-reading spectrometric method for the determination of Al2O3, CaO, Fe2O3, T1O2, MgO and Mn2O3 in high silica (> 92 per cent S1O2) is described. Once the effect of silica on the spectral intensities has been evaluated it has proved possible to ‘set up’ the instrument on silica-free standards without loss of accuracy. The results for Al2O3, T1O2, MgO and Mn2O3 are at least as accurate as existing chemical procedures; the results for CaO and Fe2O3 are of routine control level

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