A dose-response relationship of smoking with tuberculosis infection: A cross-sectional study among 21008 rural residents in China

Empirical evidence suggests that a key prerequisite for a supervised injection facility (SIF) utilization is the existence of an “open drug scene,” where users publicly inject drugs. This study seeks to determine the extent and profile of public injecting among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Montreal, Canada, where pilot SIFs are under consideration. A cross-sectional study of IDUs who injected publicly at least once in the previous month was appended to an HIV-risk surveillance study among Montreal IDUs (SurvUDI study). Of 650 SurvUDI participants interviewed between June 2001 and February 2002, 59% were eligible. A dose-response relationship emerged between intensity of public injecting and several drug-use and risk-related characteristics. Regardless of housing stability, IDUs persistently and, often preferably, publicly injected due to habit, dependence, or need to conceal their status. Despite lacking a classical open drug scene, public injecting is common among Montreal IDUs, warranting the consideration of an SIF for this population.

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Dose-response relationship of reported lifetime meditation practice with mental-health and wellbeing: A cross sectional study

10.31231/osf.io/w9dcx ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Nicholas Ian Bowles ◽

Jonathan Nicholas Davies ◽

Nicholas T Van Dam

Keyword(s):

Dose Response ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Additive Model ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Meditation Practice ◽

Response Relationship ◽

Dose Response Relationship ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Linear ◽

Practice Time

Objectives: Experimental studies of meditation practice predominantly examine short-term programs and reveal modest benefits. Thus it is not clear to what degree these results represent how contemporary meditators practice nor the dose-response relationship between amount of practice and outcome. This study sought to characterize how contemporary meditators practice; examine any possible dose-response relationships between historical practice and measures of psychological wellbeing; and explore which characteristics of practice most strongly predict positive psychological outcomes.Methods: 1,668 meditators completed demographic and practice characteristics, and outcome measures assessing positive and negative affect, psychological distress, and life satisfaction.Results: We observed a positive relationship between historical meditation practice (accumulated lifetime hours) and improvements in psychological outcomes. Model fit was optimized with a generalized additive model, indicating non-linear effects. The strength of the relationship between practice time and outcomes was generally strongest for the first ~500 hours, before plateauing to some degree. Several practice types, including Vipassana (as taught by S.N. Goenka) and cultivating practices (e.g. compassion, lovingkindness) were more strongly associated with favorable psychological outcomes.Conclusions: Benefits of meditation accrue over time in a non-linear manner, and show variation based on the context within which the meditator practices. These results highlight the importance of understanding how the benefits of meditation accrue over longer time durations than typical standardized programs that have been subject to most empirical investigations in the field.

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Analgesic and anti-inflammatory dose–response relationship of 7.5 and 15mg meloxicam after lower third molar removal: a double-blind, randomized, crossover study

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.ijom.2006.09.006 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 26-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

A.M. Calvo ◽

V.T. Sakai ◽

F.P.M. Giglio ◽

K.C.S. Modena ◽

B.L. Colombini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crossover Study ◽

Dose Response ◽

Third Molar ◽

Response Relationship ◽

Dose Response Relationship ◽

Double Blind ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Randomized Crossover Study

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Underestimation of Dose - Response Relationship with Particular Reference to the Relationship between the Dietary Intake of Mercury and its Concentration in Blood

Human Toxicology ◽

10.1177/096032718800700204 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 129-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

J.C. Sherlock ◽

M.J. Quinn

Keyword(s):

Linear Regression ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Dose Response ◽

Mercury Concentration ◽

Response Relationship ◽

Dose Response Relationship ◽

Blood Mercury ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Blood Mercury Concentration

Wide discrepancies have been observed between controlled and uncontrolled intake studies of the relationship of blood mercury concentration to intake of mercury. The probable reason for the apparent discrepancies is that the within-subject variation of mercury intake in the uncontrolled studies was almost certainly considerably larger than the within-subject variation in blood mercury concentration; in these circumstances, the apparent slope obtained from a linear regression of blood mercury on intake will invariably be much smaller than the true slope. Studies of the exposure or intake of any substance should therefore include a consideration of the likely within-subject variation in the exposure or intake relative to that in the effect.

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