scholarly journals Role of critical elements in botulinum neurotoxin complex in toxin routing across intestinal and bronchial barriers

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. e0199524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koyel J. Ghosal ◽  
Kruti Patel ◽  
Bal Ram Singh ◽  
Martha L. Hale
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Neurotoxin ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Neurotoxin Complex

The Botulinum Neurotoxin Complex and the Role of Ancillary Proteins

2014 ◽  
pp. 69-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bal Ram Singh ◽  
Tzuu-Wang Chang ◽  
Roshan Kukreja ◽  
Shuowei Cai
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Neurotoxin ◽  
Neurotoxin Complex

La politica dei Cluster in Europa: tendenze e criticitŕ emergenti

ARGOMENTI ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 99-122
Author(s):  
Alessandro Minello
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Triple Helix ◽  
Cluster Policy ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Complex Adaptive

- Cluster policy today represent one of the main elements of the European agenda, both for policy makers and for practitioners. In the last decade an extensive-type cluster policy has produced a proliferation of clusters all over the Europe, but the generated quality of clusters created has not always been quite satisfactory. Following the input by the European commission, currently is underway a qualitative review of the goals and processes of European cluster policy. This paper aims at presenting such changes in the European cluster policy, beside the main lessons that can be learned. The analysis emphasizes some critical elements of the current process of "clustering" and highlights the role of the institutions, besides the market, in the planning of new clusters and the strengthening of those existing. The final message is that Europe needs a better cluster policy, rather than more clusters, according to the growing complexity and dynamism of clusters.Parole chiave: cluster, politica dei cluster, approccio triple-helix, sistemi adattivi complessi.Keywords: cluster, cluster policy, triple helix approach, complex adaptive systems.

scholarly journals Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic studies of the HA3 subcomponent of the type B botulinum neurotoxin complex

2011 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1244-1246
Author(s):  
Kohsuke Nishimura ◽  
Kengo Kitadokoro ◽  
Yuki Takegahara ◽  
Yo Sugawara ◽  
Takuhiro Matsumura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Neurotoxin ◽  
Type B ◽  
Neurotoxin Complex

scholarly journals Leadership and Change in Asia-Pacific: Where Does Political Will Come From?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-135
Author(s):  
David Hudson ◽  
Nicolas Lemay-Hébert ◽  
Claire Mcloughlin ◽  
Chris Roche
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Issue ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Scalar Politics ◽  
Collective Process ◽  
Leadership And Change

We introduce this thematic issue by exploring the role of leadership in social and political change. In current times, the importance of leadership and choice has proved as important as ever. Leadership is often the critical variable separating success or failure, legitimacy and sustainability or collapse. This thematic issue explores a range of in-depth case studies across the Asia-Pacific region that help illustrate the critical elements of leadership. Collectively they demonstrate that leadership is best understood as a collective process involving motivated agents overcoming barriers to cooperation to form coalitions that have enough power, legitimacy and influence to transform institutions. Five themes emerge from the thematic issue as a whole: leadership is political; the centrality of gender relations; the need for a more critical localism; scalar politics; and the importance of understanding informal processes of leadership and social change.

scholarly journals The Role of Disability and Accessibility in Corporate Sustainability Reporting

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Vogelauer ◽  
David M. Herold ◽  
Elmar Fuerst
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Sustainability ◽  
Sustainability Reporting ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Corporate Reporting ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sustainability Reports ◽  
Flexible Management

Abstract Although companies increasingly focus on the social dimension in corporate sustainability, there seems to be a lack of understanding how and to what extent disability and accessibility frameworks and activities are integrated in corporate sustainability reports. In this article, we aim to close this gap by (a) analysing the disability and accessibility (D&A) activities from the largest 50 companies in Europe based on their corporate sustainability reports, and (b) advancing a simplified conceptual framework for D&A that can be used in corporate reporting. In particular, we provide an overview about corporate D&A reporting and associated activities according to three identified areas: (a) workforce, (b) workplace, and (c) products and services. Our findings are twofold: First, the majority of the companies address D&A in their corporate sustainability reports mainly under the diversity umbrella, but lack a detailed debate about the three identified areas. Second, we found that existing frameworks for D&A are hardly used because either they are not focused on corporate reporting or seem too difficult or complicated to complete. Thus, our framework not only represents a first opportunity to foster the implementation of a D&A framework within the social dimension of corporate sustainability reports, but also presents a holistic yet flexible management tool that takes into account the most critical elements while shaping implementation, directing evaluation and encouraging future planning of D&A initiatives. As such, this study contributes to and extends the limited amount of research of D&A activities in the social dimension in corporate sustainability reporting.

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