Study of collective protection of solidarity rights

This work seeks to build a legal analysis on the elements of the collective process for the protection of transindividual rights in the brazilian legal system. Because its provisions in laws are spaced, the study of collective protection is the problem of an airtight system that is difficult to understand. With the objective of making way for the study of the collective process and to rule out this problem, this research has as problematic the discussion about the main elements of the collective process, aiming to demonstrate that it is a coherent and harmonious procedural system. The methodology used will be bibliographic review. Thus, the work presents as a result the systematization of fundamental items to the understanding of collective protection, when addressing the legal and doctrinal provisions on the protection of transindividual rights, in order to open the field for an understanding of collective protection.

Planning of an offshore platform maintenance campaign

Within the scope of industrial megaprojects, such as a large-scale maintenance campaign for an oil platform, planning for tasks that will be executed in highly dynamic environments – defined by variability, uncertainty, and unforeseen events – is a challenging job. The Ergonomic Work Analysis (EWA) by the maintenance planning technicians showed that, despite the different strategies in use, there are limits in the possibility of predicting a future context. Thus, planning is a collective process of reducing uncertainty, but it requires instrumentalization of the players involved therewith.

Performance scaling and trade-offs for collective motor-driven transport

Motor-driven intracellular transport of organelles, vesicles, and other molecular cargo is a highly collective process. An individual cargo is often pulled by a team of transport motors, with numbers ranging from only a few to several hundred. We explore the behavior of these systems using a stochastic model for transport of molecular cargo by an arbitrary number N of motors, finding analytic solutions for the N-dependence of the velocity, precision of forward progress, energy flows between different system components, and efficiency. In two opposing regimes, we show that these properties obey simple scaling laws with N. Finally, we explore trade-offs between performance metrics as N is varied, providing insight into how different numbers of motors might be well-matched to distinct contexts where different performance metrics are prioritized.

Improving the relevance of an English syllabus within a top-down teaching context

This educational intervention aims to investigate the design of a language syllabus based on school needs within the context of a Mexican Higher Education Institution (MHEI) where the syllabus design process is top-down. Because the investigation requires the researcher to comprehend the subjects of study, data collection techniques which allow participants to express their beliefs and opinions are entirely appropriate. Therefore, in this study, interviews were carried out, as they are widely used in empirical studies, being a suitable way of gaining insight into the participants’ individual and collective process of reflective enquiry. A questionnaire to elicit beliefs and a language test were also administered. The results suggest that the Needs Analysis (NA) procedures implemented turned out to be very useful for gathering the kinds of data needed to enable to meet the learning needs of the teaching context more effectively. In addition, the research reveals that participant teachers were able to accept full responsibility for themselves and their actions as a result of the research, and were able to improve the syllabus as planned. The paper presents an analysis of both a General English Syllabus (GES) and of the School Based Syllabus (SBS) and reveals a clear contrast between them. The findings also suggest that the SBS design process may present challenges.

Just dancing with ideology? The role of dramaturgs within the socialist mode of children’s film development

The dramaturgs of the Deutsche Film-Aktiengesellschaft (DEFA), the GDR’s state-owned film production company, played a particular role in socialist children’s film culture. Within the production process, they acted as important mediators as well as developed themes and defended them before the state film censors. In this article, I argue that screenwriting for children and the changing role of the dramaturg were remarkable inasmuch as the creative collaboration between authors, dramaturgs and directors became a collective process of navigating between politics, education, film and the young audience that can reasonably be described as ‘collective authorship’. First, I will show how DEFA children’s film production was an example of the ‘state-socialist mode of children’s film production’ and examine Szczepanik’s model in the light of the current question. Following this, I will examine the structural and practical development of children’s film production in view of both official images of the child and the images of children anticipated by the filmmakers. At the same time, I will discuss the role of dramaturgs as participants in a collective authorship process.

Hypoxia triggers collective aerotactic migration in Dictyostelium discoideum

Using a self-generated hypoxic assay, we show that the amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum displays a remarkable collective aerotactic behavior. When a cell colony is covered, cells quickly consume the available oxygen (O2) and form a dense ring moving outwards at constant speed and density. To decipher this collective process, we combined two technological developments: porphyrin-based O2 -sensing films and microfluidic O2 gradient generators. We showed that Dictyostelium cells exhibit aerotactic and aerokinetic response in a low range of O2 concentration indicative of a very efficient detection mechanism. Cell behaviors under self-generated or imposed O2 gradients were modeled using an in silico cellular Potts model built on experimental observations. This computational model was complemented with a parsimonious ‘Go or Grow’ partial differential equation (PDE) model. In both models, we found that the collective migration of a dense ring can be explained by the interplay between cell division and the modulation of aerotaxis.

Relationship between team learning and team effectiveness

Purpose The purpose of this paper is two-fold: first, to demonstrate that learning occurs as a collective process in addition to traditional individual learning and second, to identify its antecedents and consequences at the team level. Design/methodology/approach Data were gathered using questionnaires answered by 356 participants organized in 90 teams. Quantitative analytic strategies were applied to verify if individual answers of team members were similar enough to compound team scores and to measure the predictive power of the proposed model. Findings Results showed that team learning is a collective phenomenon: intra-team differences were small and differences between teams were significant. Additional results demonstrated that team learning is predicted by team potency (34%) and, at the group level, explains 5% of the team’s satisfaction. Practical implications The findings of the present research suggest that organizational managers can improve the results of teams by supporting the development of social processes such as potency and learning. Originality/value Learning in organizations has received close attention in recent years. However, publications are focusing mostly on the individual learning that occurs in teams and organizations. The main contribution of this paper is to demonstrate what characterizes team learning as a collective process and which relations it maintains with other team processes.

A Mechanism for Verifying the Integrity and Immutability of Tuberculosis Data Using IOTA Distributed Ledger Technology

Background: Intensified research and innovation and rapid uptake of new tools, interventions, and strategies are crucial to fight Tuberculosis, the world’s deadliest infectious disease. The sharing of health data remains a significant challenge. Data consumers must be able to verify the consistency and integrity of data. Solutions based on distributed ledger technologies may be adequate, where each member in a network holds a unique credential and stores an identical copy of the ledger and contributes to the collective process of validating and certifying digital transactions. Objectives: This work proposes a mechanism and presents a use case in Digital Health to allow the verification of integrity and immutability of TB electronic health records. Methods: IOTA was selected as a supporting tool due to its data immutability, traceability and tamper-proof characteristics. Results: A mechanism to verify the integrity of data through hash functions and the IOTA network is proposed. Then, a set of TB related information systems was integrated with the network. Conclusion: IOTA technology offers performance and flexibility to enable a reliable environment for electronic health records.

Leadership as a collective process

As we have seen in the previous chapters of this book, one of the criticisms of a large section of leadership studies is that they still mostly focus on the role of those in formal leadership positions. The majority of leadership scholars still tend to study leadership from the perspective of the formal leaders, and with the preconception that leadership stems from a single source. This perspective is referred to as an entity-led perspective – viewing leadership through the lens of the behaviour of one person. By taking this entity-led perspective, leadership studies are still very narrow in focus. However, some scholars have begun to recognise the limitations of ‘heroic’ or entity-led leadership studies and have instead turned their focus from leadership as something a leader does, towards conceptualising leadership as an influence process (Langley & Tsoukas, 2017; Northouse, 2017).