Prevalence and determinants of diarrhea among under-five children in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background: Malnutrition remains as a major public health problem in the world, particularly in developing countries such as Ethiopia. The prevalence of stunting in Ethiopia has been decreased considerably from 58% in 2000 to 44% in 2011 and 38% in 2016. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the prevalence of stunting and its associations with wealth index among under-five children in Ethiopia. Methodology: The databases screened were PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, HINARI and grey literatures. The studies’ qualities were assessed by two reviewers independently, and any controversy was handled by other reviewers using the JBI critical appraisal checklist. In the statistical analysis, the funnel plot, Egger’s test, and Begg’s test were used to assess publication bias. The I2 statistic, forest plot, and Cochran’s Q test were used to deal with heterogeneity. Results: The pooled prevalence of stunting was 41.5% among under-five children, despite its considerable heterogeneity (I2=97.6%, p<0.001). However, the included studies had no publication bias in calculating the pooled prevalence (Egger’s test p=0.26; Begg’s test p=0.87). Children from households with a medium or low/poor wealth index had higher odds of stunting (AOR 1.33, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.65 or AOR 1.92, 95% CI: 1.46, 2.54, respectively) compared to children from households with a high/rich wealth index. Conclusions: The pooled prevalence of stunting is great. In the subgroup analysis, the Amhara region, followed by the Oromia region and then the Tigray region had the highest prevalence of stunting

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Treatment outcomes of severe acute malnutrition and predictors of recovery in under-five children treated within outpatient therapeutic programs in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-020-02188-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zebenay Workneh Bitew ◽

Ayinalem Alemu ◽

Teshager Worku

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Acute Malnutrition ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children

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Nutritional status of under five children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ejhs.v27i2.10 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 175 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Ahmed Abdulahi ◽

Sakineh Shab-Bidar ◽

Shahabeddin Rezaei ◽

Kurosh Djafarian

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children

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BURDEN OF ACUTE INFECTIONS (EXCEPT RESPIRATORY AND DIARRHEAL) AND ITS RISK FACTORS AMONG UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN IN INDIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Indian Journal of Child Health ◽

10.32677/ijch.2016.v03.i01.001 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 03 (01) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Enakshi Ganguly ◽

Pawan K Sharma ◽

Clareann H Bunker

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Acute Infections

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Prevalence of Escherichia coli in Under-Five Children with Diarrhea in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2020/8844294 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Tizazu Zenebe ◽

Meseret Mitiku ◽

Yonas Alem

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Low Income ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Systemic Review ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Google Search

Diarrhea remains as a high health burden, especially to children in low-income countries including Ethiopia. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli have been commonly associated as bacterial pathogens causing diarrheal disease among children. This systemic review and meta-analysis was intended to determine the pooled prevalence of Escherichia coli in under-five children with diarrhea in Ethiopia. A comprehensive search in PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate, and Google search engine and manual searching were done for this systematic review and meta-analysis. The eligibility criteria for selecting studies were studies involving under-five children with diarrhea in Ethiopia, published articles, cross-sectional studies, and articles reported in English. The study was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist. The data analysis was done using STATA 16.0 software. Cochran’s Q-test and I2 statistics were used for the assessment of heterogeneity. The random-effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of Escherichia coli. A total of 797 articles were initially retrieved, and finally, 11 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of Escherichia coli was 25% (95% CI: 9, 41). The pooled prevalence was varied by region, detection method, and sample size. The high prevalence emphasizes that Escherichia coli is a potential pathogen in under-five children with diarrhea in Ethiopia.

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Acute respiratory infections among under-five children from households using biomass fuel in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine ◽

10.4081/mrm.2020.710 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Zewudu Andualem ◽

Zelalem Nigussie Azene ◽

Awrajaw Dessie ◽

Henok Dagne ◽

Baye Dagnew

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Respiratory Infection ◽

Acute Respiratory Infection ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Biomass Fuel ◽

Acute Respiratory Infections ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Pooled Prevalence

Acute respiratory infections are a serious public health concern across the globe, they are, however, prominently present in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Ethiopia, different primary studies were conducted in regard to the link between household biomass fuel use and acute respiratory infections among under-five children. However, there is no national study on the association between household biomass fuel use and acute respiratory infections among under-five children. Thus, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the pooled prevalence of acute respiratory infections and its predictors among under-five children in Ethiopia.The systematic review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline. We systematically searched the databases: PubMed/Medline, Cochrane library, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched to access potentially relevant articles conducted in Ethiopia about acute respiratory infections among under five children. Stata/SE 14.00 statistical software was used for analysis and the pooled prevalence with 95% confidence interval (CI) were presented using tables and forest plots. To assess the heterogeneity among studies, I square (I2) tests were used. Publication bias was checked by Begg’s and Egger’s regression test. The random effects meta-analysis model was employed to estimate the pooled prevalence and predictors of under-five acute respiratory infectionsA total of 7 studies with 8,529 study participants were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of acute respiratory infection was 17.75% (95% CI: 16.95, 18.55). Child holding during cooking (OR: 2.84, 95% CI: 1.48, 5.47) and using unclean sources of energy for cooking (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.70) were identified predictors of under-five children acute respiratory infection.In the current study, the pooled prevalence of acute respiratory infection among under-five children was relatively high. Child holding during cooking and using unclean sources of energy for cooking were significantly associated with under five acute respiratory infections. Therefore, the policies and regulations enacted should address the barriers that impede the development of clean and efficient energy sources.

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