Diversity of microbial communities and soil nutrients in sugarcane rhizosphere soil under water soluble fertilizer

The dynamics of soil microbial communities are important for plant health and productivity. Soil microbial communities respond differently to fertilization. Organic water soluble fertilizer is an effective soil improver, which can effectively improve soil nutrient status and adjust soil pH value. However, little is known about the effects of water soluble fertilizers on soil microbial community, and the combined effects on soil nutrients and sugarcane productivity. Therefore, this study sought to assess the effects of water soluble fertilizer (1,050 kg/hm2 (WS1), 1,650 kg/hm2 (WS2)) and mineral fertilizer (1,500 kg/hm2 (CK)) on the soil microbial community, soil nutrients and crop yield of sugarcane. The results showed that compared with CK, the application of water soluble fertilizers (WS1 and WS2) alleviated soil acidity, increased the OM, DOC, and AK contents in the soil, and further improved agronomic parameters and sugarcane yield. Both WS1 and WS2 treatments significantly increased the species richness of microorganisms, especially the enrichment of beneficial symbiotic bacteria such as Acidobacteria and Planctomycetes, which are more conducive to the healthy growth of plants. Furthermore, we found that soil nutrient contents were associated with soil microbial enrichment. These results indicate that water soluble fertilizer affects the enrichment of microorganisms by improving the nutrient content of the soil, thereby affecting the growth and yield of sugarcane. These findings therefore suggest that the utilization of water soluble fertilizer is an effective agriculture approach to improve soil fertility.

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Apple Root stocks and Pre-plant Soil Treatments Alter Soil Microbial Community Composition in a New York Orchard

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1128c ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 1128C-1128

Author(s):

Shengrui Yao ◽

Ian A. Merwin ◽

Janice E. Thies

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Community Composition ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Community Composition ◽

Soil Microbial Communities ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Plant Soil ◽

Soil Microbial Community Composition

Apple (Malu ×domestica) replant disease (ARD) is a soil-borne disease syndrome of complex etiology that occurs worldwide when establishing new orchards in old fruit-growing sites. Methyl bromide (MB) has been an effective soil fumigant to control ARD, but safer alternatives to MB are needed. We evaluated soil microbial communities, tree growth, and fruit yield for three pre-plant soil treatments (compost amendment, soil treatment with a broad-spectrum fumigant, and untreated controls), and five clonal rootstocks (M7, M26, CG6210, CG30, and G16), in an apple replant site at Ithaca, N.Y. Molecular fingerprinting (PCR-DGGE) techniques were used to study soil microbial community composition of root-zone soil of the different soil treatments and rootstocks. Tree caliper, shoot growth, and yield were measured annually from 2002–04. Among the five rootstocks we compared, trees on CG6210 had the most growth and yield, while trees on M26 had the least growth and yield. Soil treatments altered soil microbial communities during the year after pre-plant treatments, and each treatment was associated with distinct microbial groups in hierarchical cluster analyses. However, those differences among fungal and bacterial communities diminished during the second year after planting, and soil fungal communities equilibrated faster than bacterial communities. Pre-plant soil treatments altered bulk-soil microbial community composition, but those shifts in soil microbial communities had no obvious correlation with tree performance. Rootstock genotypes were the dominant factor in tree performance after 3 years of observations, and different rootstocks were associated with characteristic bacterial, pseudomonad, fungal, and oomycetes communities in root-zone soil.

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Dominant Tree Species Shape Soil Microbial Community via Regulating Assembly Processes in Planted Subtropical Forests

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10110978 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 978

Author(s):

Ma ◽

Zou ◽

Yang ◽

Hogan ◽

Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Soil Nutrients ◽

Community Assembly ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Soil Microbial Communities ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Environmental Selection ◽

Α Diversity ◽

Microbial Community Assembly

Understanding the ecological processes that regulate microbial community assembly in different habitats is critical to predict microbial responses to anthropogenic disturbances and environmental changes. Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) and Eucalypt (Eucalyptus urophylla) plantations (thereafter RP and EP) are rapidly established at the expense of forests in tropical China, greatly affecting tropical soils and their processes. However, the assembly processes of soil microbial communities after forest conversions remain unclear. We investigated soil microbial communities’ attributes and quantified the portion of deterministic assembly variation in two RP (a 3- and a 5-year-old) and two EP (a 2- and a 4-year-old) in Southern China. Shannon and Faith’s Phylogenetic α-diversity of both bacterial and fungal communities were higher in RP than in EP, regardless of plantation age or soil depth (0–50 cm). Bacterial and fungal community structure was significantly different among the four plantations. The dominant microbial taxa in RP closely tracked the availability of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (K) while those in EP were closely related to the high total K content. Microbial co-occurrence networks in RP were more modular than those in EP, as governed by more keystone taxa that were strongly dependent on soil available nutrients. Environmental filtering imposed by soil nutrients heterogeneity contributed a considerable portion (33–47%) of bacterial assembly variation in RP, but much less (8–14%) in EP. The relative contribution of environmental selection on fungal assembly was also greater in RP than in EP. Our findings suggest that in RP clear microbial community patterns exist with respect to soil nutrients, whereas in EP microbial community assembly patterns are more stochastic and variable. The large variation in soil microbial community assembly patterns in EP could lead to fragile and unstable microbial-soil relationships, which may be one factor driving soil degradation in EP.

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STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MIKROBA TANAH DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM MEWUJUDKAN SISTEM PERTANIAN BERKELANJUTAN

el–Hayah ◽

10.18860/elha.v1i4.1785 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Prihastuti Prihastuti

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Diversity ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Soil Microbial Communities ◽

Organic Soil ◽

Plant Type ◽

Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Wide Range

Soils are made up of organic and an organic material. The organic soil component contains all the living creatures in the soil and the dead ones in various stages of decomposition. Biological activity in soil helps to recycle nutrients, decompose organic matter making nutrient available for plant uptake, stabilize humus, and form soil particles. The extent of the diversity of microbial in soil is seen to be critical to the maintenance of soil health and quality, as a wide range of microbial is involved in important soil functions. That ecologically managed soils have a greater quantity and diversity of soil microbial. The two main drivers of soil microbial community structure, i.e., plant type and soil type, are thought to exert their function in a complex manner. The fact that in some situations the soil and in others the plant type is the key factor determining soil microbial diversity is related to their complexity of the microbial interactions in soil, including interactions between microbial and soil and microbial and plants. The basic premise of organic soil stewardship is that all plant nutrients are present in the soil by maintaining a biologically active soil environment. The diversity of microbial communities has on ecological function and resilience to disturbances in soil ecosystems. Relationships are often observed between the extent of microbial diversity in soil, soil and plant quality and ecosystem sustainability. Agricultural management can be directed toward maximizing the quality of the soil microbial community in terms of disease suppression, if it is possible to shift soil microbial communities.Keywords: structure, microbial, implication, sustainable agriculture

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Distinct assembly processes and determinants of soil microbial communities between farmland and grassland in arid and semiarid areas

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.01010-21 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Aiai Xu ◽

Jie Liu ◽

Zhiying Guo ◽

Changkun Wang ◽

Kai Pan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Variable Selection ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Environmental Gradient ◽

Soil Microbial Communities ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Semiarid Areas ◽

Arid And Semiarid Areas ◽

Arid And Semiarid

It is critical to identify the assembly processes and determinants of soil microbial communities to better predict soil microbial responses to environmental change in arid and semiarid areas. Here, soils from 16 grassland-only, 9 paired grassland and farmland, and 16 farmland-only sites were collected across the central Inner Mongolia Plateau covering a steep environmental gradient. Through analyzing the paired samples, we discovered that land uses had strong effects on soil microbial communities, but weak effects on their assembly processes. For all samples, although no environmental variables were significantly correlated with the net relatedness index (NRI), both the nearest taxon index (NTI) and the β-nearest taxon index (βNTI) were most related to mean annual precipitation (MAP). With the increase of MAP, soil microbial taxa at the tips of the phylogenetic tree were more clustered, and the contribution of determinism increased. Determinism (48.6%), especially variable selection (46.3%), and stochasticity (51.4%) were almost equal in farmland, while stochasticity (75.0%) was dominant in grassland. Additionally, Mantel tests and redundancy analyses (RDA) revealed that the main determinants of soil microbial community structure were MAP in grassland, but mean annual temperature (MAT) in farmland. MAP and MAT were also good predictors of the community composition (the top 200 dominant OTUs) in grassland and farmland, respectively. Collectively, in arid and semiarid areas, soil microbial communities were more sensitive to environmental change in farmland than in grassland, and unlike the major impact of MAP on grassland microbial communities, MAT was the primary driver of farmland microbial communities. Importance As one of the most diverse organisms, soil microbes play indispensable roles in many ecological processes in arid and semiarid areas with limited macrofaunal and plant diversity, yet the mechanisms underpinning soil microbial community are not fully understood. In this study, soil microbial communities were investigated along a 500 km transect covering a steep environmental gradient across farmland and grassland in the areas. The results showed that precipitation was the main factor mediating the assembly processes. Determinism was more influential in farmland, and variable selection of farmland was twice that of grassland. Temperature mainly drove farmland microbial communities, while precipitation mainly affected grassland microbial communities. These findings provide new information about the assembly processes and determinants of soil microbial communities in arid and semiarid areas, consequently improving the predictability of the community dynamics, which have implications for sustaining soil microbial diversity and ecosystem functioning, particularly under global climate change conditions.

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Transformation of Soil Microbial Community Structure and Rhizoctonia-Suppressive Potential in Response to Apple Roots

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto.1999.89.10.920 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 89 (10) ◽

pp. 920-927 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

Mark Mazzola

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Fungal Community ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Burkholderia Cepacia ◽

Soil Microbial Communities ◽

Apple Trees ◽

Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Orchard Soil

Changes in the composition of soil microbial communities and relative disease-suppressive ability of resident microflora in response to apple cultivation were assessed in orchard soils from a site possessing trees established for 1 to 5 years. The fungal community from roots of apple seedlings grown in noncultivated orchard soil was dominated by isolates from genera commonly considered saprophytic. Plant-pathogenic fungi in the genera Phytophthora, Pythium, and Rhizoctonia constituted an increasing proportion of the fungal community isolated from seedling roots with increasing orchard block age. Bacillus megaterium and Burkholderia cepacia dominated the bacterial communities recovered from noncultivated soil and the rhizosphere of apple seedlings grown in orchard soil, respectively. Populations of the two bacteria in their respective habitats declined dramatically with increasing orchard block age. Lesion nematode populations did not differ among soil and root samples from orchard blocks of different ages. Similar changes in microbial communities were observed in response to planting noncultivated orchard soil to five successive cycles of ‘Gala’ apple seedlings. Pasteurization of soil had no effect on apple growth in noncultivated soil but significantly enhanced apple growth in third-year orchard block soil. Seedlings grown in pasteurized soil from the third-year orchard block were equal in size to those grown in noncultivated soil, demonstrating that suppression of plant growth resulted from changes in the composition of the soil microbial community. Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group 5 (AG 5) had no effect on growth of apple trees in noncultivated soil but significantly reduced the growth of apple trees in soil from third-year orchard soil. Changes in the ability of the resident soil microflora to suppress R. solani AG 5 were associated with reductions in the relative populations of Burkholderia cepacia and Pseudomonas putida in the rhizosphere of apple.

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Short-Term Effects of Different Forest Management Methods on Soil Microbial Communities of a Natural Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata Forest in Xiaolongshan, China

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10020161 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 161 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Pan Wan ◽

Gongqiao Zhang ◽

Zhonghua Zhao ◽

Yanbo Hu ◽

Wenzhen Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Forest Management ◽

Bacterial Community ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Fungal Community ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Soil Microbial Communities ◽

Short Term ◽

Soil Microbial

One of the aims of sustainable forest management is to preserve the diversity and resilience of ecosystems. Unfortunately, changes in the soil microbial communities after forest management remain unclear. We analyzed and compared the soil microbial community of a natural Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata forest after four years of four different management methods using high-throughput sequencing technology. The forest management methods were close-to-nature management (CNFM), structure-based forest management (SBFM), secondary forest comprehensive silviculture (SFCS) and unmanaged control (CK). The results showed that: (1) the soil microbial community diversity indices were not significantly different among the different management methods. (2) The relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the SBFM treatment was lower than in the CK treatment, while the relative abundance of Acidobacteria in the SBFM was significantly higher than that in the CK treatment. The relative abundance of Ascomycota was highest in the CNFM treatment, and that of Basidiomycota was lowest in the CNFM treatment. However, the relative abundance of dominant bacterial and fungal phyla was not significantly different in CK and SFCS. (3) Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), and available nitrogen (AN) significantly correlated with the bacterial communities, and the available potassium (AK) was the only soil nutrient, which significantly correlated with the composition of the fungal communities. The short-term SBFM treatment altered microbial bacterial community compositions, which may be attributed to the phyla present (e.g., Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria), and the short-term CNFM treatment altered microbial fungal community compositions, which may be attributed to the phyla present (e.g., Ascomycota and Basidiomycota). Furthermore, soil nutrients could affect the dominant soil microbial communities, and its influence was greater on the bacterial community than on the fungal community.

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The soil microbial community alters patterns of selection on flowering time and fitness related traits in Ipomoea purpurea

10.1101/672691 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Lindsay Chaney ◽

Regina S. Baucom

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Flowering Time ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Soil Microbial Communities ◽

Morning Glory ◽

Evolutionary Processes ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Ipomoea Purpurea ◽

Evolutionary Response

ABSTRACTPremise of the studyPlant flowering time plays an important role in plant fitness and thus evolutionary processes. Soil microbial communities are diverse and have a large impact, both positive and negative, on the host plant. However, owing to few available studies, how the soil microbial community may influence the evolutionary response of plant populations is not well understood. Here we sought to uncover if below-ground microbial communities act as an agent of selection on flowering and growth traits in the common morning glory, Ipomoea purpurea.MethodsWe performed a controlled greenhouse experiment in which genetic lines of I. purpurea were planted into either sterilized soils, or soils that were sterilized and re-inoculated with the microbial community from original field soil. This allowed us to directly test the influence of alterations to the microbial community on plant growth, flowering, and fitness, as well as assess patterns of selection in both soil microbial environments.ResultsWe found that a more complex soil microbial community resulted in larger plants that produced more flowers. Selection strongly favored earlier flowering when plants were grown in the complex microbial environment than compared to sterilized soil. Additionally, we uncovered a pattern of negative correlational selection on growth rate and flowering time, indicating that selection favored different combinations of growth and flowering traits in the simplified versus complex soil community.ConclusionsTogether these results suggest the soil microbial community is a selective agent on flowering time and ultimately that soil microbial community influences important plant evolutionary processes.

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Structure and driving factors of the soil microbial community associated with Alhagi sparsifolia in an arid desert

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0254065 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. e0254065

Author(s):

Wenjing Li ◽

Lamei Jiang ◽

Yang Zhang ◽

Dexiong Teng ◽

Hengfang Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Soil Nutrients ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Nitrate Nitrogen ◽

Ammonium Nitrogen ◽

Driving Factors ◽

Fungal Communities ◽

Alhagi Sparsifolia ◽

Soil Microbial

Environmental properties are important factors in structuring soil microbial communities. The primary driving factors vary in different ecosystems. In the present work, we analyzed the microbial communities of rhizosphere and bulk soils associated with the halophyte Alhagi sparsifolia across three salt/water gradients in the desert area around Ebinur Lake Basin, China, using high-throughput sequencing technology. We found that there were significant differences in soil water content (SWC), soil salinity (SAL), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) contents between the three water/salt gradients. In the L (low water and salt) plot, Actinobacteria was the most abundant bacterial phylum while Ascomycota was the dominant fungal phylum. The relative abundance of Actinobacteria was negatively correlated with soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), TP, and available phosphorus (AP). The abundance of Bacteroidetes was significantly positively correlated with soil SOC, SWC, SAL, pH, TN, and TP (P < 0.05). The abundance of fungal phylum Chytridiomycota was significantly positively correlated with pH (P < 0.01), SWC, AP, and sulfate ion (P < 0.05). SOC and nitrate nitrogen were the main factors impacting the bacterial community, while ammonium nitrogen (NH4+) and TP were the main driving forces for the fungal community. Soil nutrients were the main contributors to the dissimilarities in the bacterial and fungal communities, explaining 48.06% and 44.45% of the variation. SWC, SAL, and pH explained only a small percentage of the microbial community dissimilarity. In conclusion, soil microbial community structure was affected by SWC, SAL, pH, and soil nutrients, with soil nutrients as the main driving factors. Nitrogen has a differential effect on the different microbial communities: bacterial communities of Alhagi sparsifolia were mainly affected by nitrate nitrogen, while fungal communities were mainly driven by ammonium nitrogen.

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Biochar and Intercropping With Potato–Onion Enhanced the Growth and Yield Advantages of Tomato by Regulating the Soil Properties, Nutrient Uptake, and Soil Microbial Community

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.695447 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Xingjia He ◽

Hua Xie ◽

Danmei Gao ◽

M. Khashi U. Rahman ◽

Xingang Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Fungal Community ◽

Soil Microbial Communities ◽

Pot Experiment ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Positive Interactions ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Potato Onion

The application of biochar stimulates the activities of microorganisms that affect soil quality and plant growth. However, studies on the impacts of biochar mainly focus on a monoculture, its effects on interspecific interactions are rarely reported. Here, we investigated the impacts of biochar on tomato/potato–onion intercropped (TO) in a pot experiment. Tomato monoculture (T) and TO were treated with no, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2% biochar concentrations in a pot experiment. Microbial communities from tomato rhizosphere soil were analyzed by quantitative PCR and Illumina MiSeq. The results showed that compared with the tomato monoculture, 0.6%TO and 1.2%TO significantly increased tomato yield in 2018. TO and 1.2%TO significantly increased plant height and dry weight in 2018 and 2019. Biochar treatments increased soil pH, decreased NO3--N and bulk density, and increased the absorption of N, P, and K by tomato. Bacterial and fungal abundances increased with an increase in biochar concentration, while Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. abundances showed an “increase-decrease-increase” trend. Biochar had a little effect on bacterial diversities but significantly lowered fungal diversities. TO, 0.6%TO, and 1.2%TO increased the potentially beneficial organisms (e.g., Pseudeurotium and Solirubrobacter) and lowered the potentially pathogenic organisms (e.g., Kribbella and Ilyonectria). Different concentrations of biochar affected the bacterial and fungal community structures. Redundancy analysis indicated that the bacterial community was strongly correlated with soil pH, NO3--N, and EC, while the fungal community was closely related to soil NO3--N and moisture. The network analysis showed that biochar and intercropping affected the symbiosis pattern of the microorganisms and increased the proportion of positive interactions and nitrifying microorganisms (Nitrospirae) in the microbial community. Overall, our results indicated that monoculture and intercropping with biochar improved soil physicochemical states and plant nutrient absorption, and regulated soil microbial communities, these were the main factors to promote tomato growth and increase tomato productivity.

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The Responses of Soil Microbial to Changed Rainfall and Increased Temperature in Desert Grassland in Northern China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-192228/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yi Zhang ◽

Ying-Zhong Xie ◽

Hong-Bin Ma ◽

Juan Zhang ◽

Le Jing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Soil Respiration ◽

Microbial Diversity ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Soil Microbial Communities ◽

Response Strategy ◽

Desert Grassland ◽

Soil Microbial Diversity ◽

Soil Microbial

Abstract Background: The study evaluates how rainfall change and temperature increase affect microbial communities in the desert grassland of Ningxia Autonomous Region, China to explore the soil microbial community and the relationships among the soil microbial community, chemical properties, soil respiration (SR) and plant biomass under the climate change. We established the field experiment with five levels of rainfall by rainout shelters and two levels of temperature by Open-Top Chamber (OTC). Results: The effect of temperature to soil microbial communities is not significant, but with the continuous increase of rainfall, the microbial community gradually increases. Soil microbial diversity negatively correlated with soil CO2 flux. The α-diversity of microbial communities positively correlated with above-living biomass (ALB) and soil temperature (ST), but negatively correlated with root biomass (RB). Conclusions: Both rainfall and temperature’s rising do not promote the soil community α-diversity, but it can promote soil microbial community β-diversity. Soil microbial communities show resistance to rainfall changing. Soil respiration (SR) will limit soil microbial diversity. Soil organic carbon (SOC), soil total nitrogen (STN), and soil total phosphorus (STP) will promote soil microbial abundance and diversity. ALB and ST will promote the soil α-diversity, but the effect of RB to soil microbial is opposite. These findings maybe provide a reliable theoretical basis for formulating a reasonable response strategy in desert steppe ecosystems.

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