scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for feather-damaging behavior in psittacine birds: Analysis of a Japanese nationwide survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254610
Author(s):  
Kazumasa Ebisawa ◽  
Shunya Nakayama ◽  
Chungyu Pai ◽  
Rie Kinoshita ◽  
Hiroshi Koie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Separation Anxiety ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

A case control study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of feather-damaging behavior and evaluate the correlation with risk factors among pet psittacine birds in Japan. Although feather-damaging behavior among pet parrots is frequently observed in Japan, its prevalence and potential risk factors have not been investigated. Therefore, we conducted an online questionnaire survey on parrot owners throughout Japan to examine regional differences in feather-damaging behavior and associated risk factors. In total, 2,331 valid responses were obtained. The prevalence of feather-damaging behavior was 11.7%, in general agreement with prior studies. The highest prevalence was among Cockatoos (Cacatua spp., etc.; 30.6%), followed by Lovebirds (Agapornis spp.; 24.5%) and African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus; 23.7%). Multivariate logistic regression was carried out to calculate the adjusted odds ratio (ORadj) for potential risk factors and adjust the confounding of the variables. The odds of feather-damaging behavior were significantly higher for Conures (Aratinga spp., Pyrrhura spp., Thectocercus acuticaudatus, Cyanoliseus patagonus) (ORadj = 2.55, P = 0.005), Pacific parrotlets (Forpus coelestis) (ORadj = 3.96, P < 0.001), African grey parrots (ORadj = 6.74, P < 0.001), Lovebirds (ORadj = 6.79, P < 0.001) and Cockatoos (ORadj = 9.46, P < 0.001) than Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus), and for young adults (ORadj = 1.81, P = 0.038) and adults (ORadj = 3.17, P < 0.001) than young birds, and for signs of separation anxiety (ORadj = 1.81, P < 0.001). Species, bird age and signs of separation anxiety were significantly higher risk factors for feather-damaging behavior than any other potential risk factors. Our findings, which include broad species diversity, are a good source of data for predicting risk factors for feather-damaging behavior and could be useful in preventing declines in welfare.

scholarly journals Potential risk factors for multiple sclerosis in Rio de Janeiro: a case-control study

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (2a) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kátia Regina Penha da Silva ◽  
Regina Maria Papais Alvarenga ◽  
Oscar Fernandez y Fernandez ◽  
Hélcio Alvarenga ◽  
Luiz Claudio Santos Thuler
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Control Study

PURPOSE: To evaluate potential risk factors for the development of multiple sclerosis in Brazilian patients. METHOD: A case control study was carried out in 81 patients enrolled at the Department of Neurology of the Hospital da Lagoa in Rio de Janeiro, and 81 paired controls. A standardized questionnaire on demographic, social and cultural variables, and medical and family history was used. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and conditional logistic regression models with the SPSS for Windows software program. RESULTS: Having standard vaccinations (vaccinations specified by the Brazilian government) (OR=16.2; 95% CI=2.3-115.2), smoking (OR=7.6; 95% CI=2.1-28.2), being single (OR=4.7; 95% CI=1.4-15.6) and eating animal brain (OR=3.4; 95% CI=1.2-9.8) increased the risk of developing MS. CONCLUSIONS: RESULTS of this study may contribute towards better awareness of the epidemiological characteristics of Brazilian patients with multiple sclerosis.

scholarly journals Potential risk factors for diabetic neuropathy: a case control study

BMC Neurology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fargol Booya ◽  
Fatemeh Bandarian ◽  
Bagher Larijani ◽  
Mohammad Pajouhi ◽  
Mahdi Nooraei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Common variants in glucuronidation enzymes and membrane transporters as potential risk factors for colorectal cancer: a case control study

BMC Cancer ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Falkowski ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Woillard ◽  
Deborah Postil ◽  
Nicole Tubiana-Mathieu ◽  
Eric Terrebonne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Membrane Transporters ◽  
Common Variants ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Analysis of Potential Oral Cleft Risk Factors in the Kosovo Population

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Salihu ◽  
Blerim Krasniqi ◽  
Osman Sejfija ◽  
Nijazi Heta ◽  
Nderim Salihaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Paternal Age ◽  
Parental Age ◽  
Oral Cleft ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the association of potential risk factors such as positive family cleft history, smoking, use of drugs during pregnancy, and parental age with oral clefts in offspring within the Kosovo population. We conducted a population-based case-control study of live births in Kosovo from 1996 to 2005. Using a logistic regression model, 244 oral cleft cases were compared with 488 controls. We have excluded all syndromic clefts. Heredity increases the risk of clefts in newborns [odds ratio (OR) = 8.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.12–23.52]. Clefts were also associated with smoking (OR = 1.87, 95% CI 0.75–4.08), use of drugs during pregnancy (OR = 2.25, 95% CI 0.82–5.12), increasing maternal age (OR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.42–2.49), and increasing paternal age (OR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.2– 1.4). We found heredity to be the most important factor for cleft occurrence in Kosovar newborns. Another significant potential risk factor for occurrence of clefts is the parental age. We found the use of drugs and smoking during pregnancy to be less significant.

scholarly journals P227 A POPULATION-BASED CASE-CONTROL STUDY OF POTENTIAL RISK FACTORS FOR IBD

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-72
Author(s):  
P. López ◽  
J.L. Perez ◽  
T. Perez ◽  
C. Fernandez ◽  
M. Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study
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