scholarly journals Effect of peer counselling on acceptance of modern contraceptives among female refugee adolescents in northern Uganda: A randomised controlled trial

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0256479
Author(s):  
Ritah Bakesiima ◽  
Jolly Beyeza-Kashesya ◽  
James K. Tumwine ◽  
Rose Nabirye Chalo ◽  
Kristina Gemzell-Danielsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Northern Uganda ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Modern Contraceptives ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Peer Counselling

Background The unmet need for contraceptives among refugee adolescents is high globally, leaving girls vulnerable to unintended pregnancies. Lack of knowledge and fear of side effects are the most reported reasons for non-use of contraceptives amongst refugee adolescents. Peer counselling, the use of trained adolescents to offer contraceptive counselling to fellow peers, has showed effectiveness in increasing use of contraceptives in non-refugee adolescent resarch. Objective To determine the effect of peer counselling on acceptance of modern contraceptives among female refugee adolescents in northern Uganda. Methods A randomised controlled trial carried out in Palabek refugee settlement in northern Uganda, May to July 2019. Adolescents were included if they were sexually active or in any form of union, wanted to delay child bearing, and were not using any contraceptives. A total of 588 consenting adolescents were randomised to either peer counselling or routine counselling, the standard of care. Results Adolescents who received peer counselling were more likely to accept a contraceptive method compared to those who received routine counselling (PR: 1·24, 95% CI: 1·03 to 1·50, p = 0·023). Adolescents whose partners had attained up to tertiary education were more likely to accept a method than those whose partners had secondary or less education (PR: 1·45, 95% CI: 1·02 to 2·06, p = 0·037). In both groups, the most frequently accepted methods were the injectable and implant, with the commonest reasons for non-acceptance of contraception being fear of side effects and partner prohibition. Conclusion Our data indicates that peer counselling has a positive effect on same day acceptance of modern contraceptives and should therefore be considered in future efforts to prevent adolescent pregnancies in refugee settings. Future peer counselling interventions should focus on how to effectively address adolescents’ fear of side effects and partner prohibition, as these factors continue to impede decision making for contraceptive uptake.

scholarly journals Continuous Fentanyl Background Infusion Regimen Optimised by Patient-Controlled Analgesia for Acute Postoperative Pain Management: A Randomised Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihoon Hwang ◽  
Sang Kee Min ◽  
Yun Jeong Chae ◽  
Gang Mee Lim ◽  
Han Bum Joe
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Postoperative Pain Management ◽  
Patient Controlled Analgesia ◽  
Acute Postoperative Pain ◽  
Background Infusion ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Owing to a lack of studies investigating the effect of adjustments in fentanyl background infusion (BI) with patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) on postoperative analgesia, we evaluated three BI regimens with fentanyl PCA for acute postoperative pain management. This randomised controlled trial enrolled 105 patients, who were assigned to three parallel groups: constant rate BI of 2 mL/h (CRBI group); time-scheduled decremental BI of 6, 2 and 1 mL/h (TDBI group); and BI rates optimised to the demand of PCA (POBI group). The incidence of insufficient analgesia, visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score and side effects were evaluated. The incidence of insufficient analgesia in the post-anaesthesia care unit was lower in the TDBI and POBI groups than the CRBI group. Incidence of insufficient analgesia in the ward was lower in the POBI group than the CRBI group. Postoperative VAS scores were significantly lower in the TDBI and POBI groups for up to 4 h and 24 h, respectively, compared with the CRBI group. Side effects and infused fentanyl dose were highest in the CRBI group. Adjusting BI rate based on time or patient demands could improve postoperative analgesia and reduce side effects. Compared to a constant BI rate, PCA-optimised BI achieved higher patient satisfaction.

scholarly journals Do pregnant women with overweight and obesity find a nutrition and exercise intervention with smartphone app support acceptable? Findings from the PEARs randomised controlled trial. (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Greene ◽  
Eileen O'Brien ◽  
Kate Ainscough ◽  
Maria A Kennelly ◽  
Orna A O'Brien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Randomised Controlled

BACKGROUND Dietary interventions can improve pregnancy outcomes amongst women with increased BMI. Furthermore, interest in mobile health (mHealth) is growing but little is known about the acceptability of a smartphone app to support lifestyle interventions among such a cohort. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the acceptability of the PEARs study and the use of mHealth in a mixed lifestyle intervention. METHODS PEARs was a randomised controlled trial of a low glycaemic index (GI) dietary intervention with exercise prescription and smartphone app, delivered to pregnant women with overweight and obesity. Acceptability questionnaires were completed by the intervention group at 28 weeks’ gestation (n = 149) and post-intervention (n = 123). Maternal characteristics were recorded (age, ethnicity, BMI, socioeconomic status). Associations between maternal characteristics and acceptability of the intervention and app were analysed using t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, chi-squares and logistic regression. One-on-one semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sub-cohort of intervention participants (n = 28) at 34 weeks’ gestation, in which participants shared their experience of the PEARs intervention. RESULTS The intervention was generally accepted, with respondents agreeing that the diet was easy to follow (68.5%), enjoyable (74.1%) and affordable (76.9%). Qualitative and quantitative results were consistent with one another, both demonstrating that app acceptability was high. Participants agreed that the app was enjoyable (80%) and easy to use (97.5%). Compared to those with tertiary education, those with lower education were more likely to enjoy the dietary changes (P = .039). Enjoyment of the app was associated with disadvantaged neighbourhood deprivation index (P = .012) and higher BMI (B = .172, P = .029). CONCLUSIONS The PEARs intervention and use of a supportive smartphone app were accepted by pregnant women, particularly by those from vulnerable subgroups of the population. CLINICALTRIAL https://www.isrctn.com/, ISRCTN29316280

scholarly journals Side effects of phenobarbital and carbamazepine in childhood epilepsy: randomised controlled trial

BMJ ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 334 (7605) ◽  
pp. 1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selina H Banu ◽  
Moshrat Jahan ◽  
Umme Kulsum Koli ◽  
Saadia Ferdousi ◽  
Naila Z Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Childhood Epilepsy ◽  
Randomised Controlled
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