scholarly journals Primary postpartum haemorrhage at the Libreville University Hospital Centre: Epidemiological profile of women

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257544
Author(s):  
Nathalie Ledaga Ambounda ◽  
Sylvain Honore Woromogo ◽  
Felicite-Emma Yagata-Moussa ◽  
Liela Agnes Okoyi Ossouka ◽  
Vicky Noel Simo Tekem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Haemorrhage ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Collection Form ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

In Gabon, the proportion of maternal deaths directly related to Primary PostPartum Haemorrhage (PPPH) is 15 to 25%, despite the different means that the World Health Organization has made available to the providers of Emergency Obstetrical and Neonatal Care (EmONC). The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of Primary PostPartum Haemorrhage to improve its management and reduce the rate of maternal deaths. An analytical retrospective study involved 42,728 records, whose data were collected using a chart collection form on the basis of information contained in partograms and other patient records. Sociodemographic variables were expressed using percentage. The relationship between the etiologies of PPPH and certain characteristics of the women was established using the ORs with their 95% confidence intervals. The difference was significant if p < 0.05. The prevalence of PPPH was 1.6%. Delivery haemorrhages accounted for 65.5% of PPPH. The main factors associated with delivery haemorrhages were pauci parity and multiparity (p = 0.003 and 0.051), post-term (p = 0.042), and birth weight >4,000 g (p = 0.006). Those associated with genital tract injuries were young maternal age (p = 0.008) and multiparity (p = 0.028). The most common etiology was haemorrhage from delivery. Multiparity remains the most common risk factor and the young age of the patients. It is important to improve management through better assessment of blood loss in the primary postpartum period as well as capacity building of health providers on EmONC.

scholarly journals Immediate postpartum haemorrhage at the Libreville University Hospital Centre: Epidemiological profile of women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
SYLVAIN HONORE WOROMOGO ◽  
Nathalie Ledaga Ambounda ◽  
Felicite-Emma Yagata-Moussa ◽  
Liela Agnes Okoyi Ossouka ◽  
Vicky Noel Simo Tekem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Haemorrhage ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Collection Form ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Background In Gabon, the frequency of maternal deaths directly related to Immediate PostPartum Haemorrhage (IPPH) is 15 to 25%, despite the different means that World Health Organization (WHO) has made available to the providers of the Emergency Obstetrical and Neonatal Care (EmONC). The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of IPPH in order to improve its management and reduce the rate of maternal deaths. Methods An analytical retrospective study involved 42,728 records, whose data were collected using a chart collection form on the basis of information contained in partograms and other patient records. The description of the sample is made using numbers and proportions. The relationship between the etiologies of IPPH and certain characteristics of the women was established using the ORs with their 95% confidence interval. The difference was significant if p < 0.05. Results The prevalence of IPPH was 1.6%. The 20–39 age group was the most represented. Multiparous women accounted for 67.2%. Delivery hemorrhages accounted for 65.5% of IPPH. The main factors associated with delivery hemorrhages were multiparity (p < 0.001), preterm and postterm (p < 0.001), and child weight > 4,000 g (p < 0.001). Those associated with genital track injuries were young maternal age, multiparity (p < 0.001). Conclusions The prevalence of IPPH was 1.6%. The most common etiology was hemorrhage from delivery. Multiparity remains the most common risk factor and the young age of the patients. It is important to improve management through better assessment of blood loss in the immediate postpartum as well as capacity building of health providers on EmONC.

scholarly journals Immediate Postpartum Haemorrhage at the Libreville University Hospital Centre: Epidemiological Profile of Women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
SYLVAIN HONORE WOROMOGO ◽  
Nathalie Ambouda Ledaga ◽  
Felicite-Emma Yagata-Moussa ◽  
Liela Agnes Okoyi Ossouka ◽  
Vicky Noel Simo Tekem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Haemorrhage ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Collection Form ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Introduction In Gabon, the frequency of maternal deaths directly related to Immediate PostPartum Haemorrhage (IPPH) is 15 to 25%, despite the different means that World Health Organization (WHO) has made available to the providers of the Emergency Obstetrical and Neonatal Care (EmONC). The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of IPPH in order to improve its management and reduce the rate of maternal deaths.Methods An analytical retrospective study involved 42,728 records, whose data were collected using a chart collection form on the basis of information contained in partograms and other patient records. The description of the sample is made using numbers and proportions. The relationship between the etiologies of IPPH and certain characteristics of the women was established using the ORs with their 95% confidence interval. The difference was significant if p < 0.05.Results The prevalence of IPPH was 1.6%. The 20-39 age group was the most represented. Multiparous women accounted for 67.2%. Delivery hemorrhages accounted for 65.5% of IPPH. The main factors associated with delivery hemorrhages were multiparity (p<0.001), preterm and postterm (p<0.001), and child weight >4,000 g (p<0.001). Those associated with genital track injuries were young maternal age, multiparity (p<0.001).ConclusionsThe prevalence of IPPH was 1.6%. The most common etiology was hemorrhage from delivery. Multiparity remains the most common risk factor and the young age of the patients. It is important to improve management through better assessment of blood loss in the immediate postpartum as well as capacity building of health providers on EmONC.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Aspects of the Initial Evolution of COVID-19 in Microregion of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5245
Author(s):  
Deborah Araujo Policarpo ◽  
Eduarda Cristina Alves Lourenzatto ◽  
Talita Costa e Silva Brito ◽  
Daise Aparecida Rossi ◽  
Roberta Torres de Melo
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Initial Evolution ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

COVID-19 is considered by the World Health Organization to be a global public health emergency, which presents regional divergences that affect the epidemiological profile of the disease and are associated with political, economic, social and behavioral aspects. We aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the disease in the microregion of Uberlândia, Brazil, in order to determine risk factors that contributed to progression of SARS-CoV-2 virus. A cross-sectional study was conducted about micro- and macro-determinants combined with the significance analysis of suspected and confirmed cases in 18 municipalities during the epidemiological weeks (EW) 9 to 26. There were 34,046 notifications, of which 4935 (14.49%) people were diagnosed with COVID-19. Of these, 282 (5.71%) required hospital care and 40 (0.81%) died. Age and presence of associated comorbidities were decisive in the variations of incidence and lethality rates. In general, young people were the most affected and the elderly people, the most exposed to the serious and lethal form (p < 0.0001). Comorbidities such as diabetes and cardiopathies increased 33.5 times the death risk. The dispersion of the virus was centrifugal, in the inter as well as in the intra-municipal level. The disorderly implementation of municipal decrees applied in a decentralized manner in the municipalities seems to have contributed for the incidence rates increasing in the EW 25 and 26.

Clinical and epidemiological profile of the mother–neonate binomy with microcefalia and suspected infection by zika viruses in the gestation: a sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-265
Author(s):  
Manoel Alfredo Curvelo Sarno ◽  
Luciana Carla Belém dos Santos ◽  
Priscila Pinheiro Ribeiro Lyra ◽  
Carlos Mauricio Cardeal Mendes ◽  
Patrícia Ribeiro de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Zika Virus Infection ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Introduction: The association between the increased incidence of microcephaly and the epidemic outbreak of Zika virus infection (ZIKV) in Brazil between 2015 and 2016 was observed by many authors. World Health Organization declared it as a public health emergency of international concern. Maternal infection with the Zika virus can be transmitted vertically and lead to Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) in infants. So that it is important to investigate the clinical-epidemiological profile of the mothers and their newborns. Aims: To characterize the clinical- epidemiological profile of pregnant women associated with presumed ZIKV in pregnancy and their newborns diagnosed with microcephaly at birth and associated with CZS. Methods: A sectional study, using medical record data, between September 2015 and June 2016. Results: 82 cases of microcephaly were reported in maternity during this period. Of these, 32 cases were excluded because they did not fit the new microcephaly criteria according to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Ministry of Health of Brazil. The mean maternal age was 25 years, varying from 13 and 43 years old; exanthema was the only symptom related to Zika virus infection and it was observed in 60% (27/45) of the pregnancies, which occurred predominantly during the first or the second trimester of pregnancy. Other mothers were asymptomatic. Related to the newborns, 62% (31/50) were female; 32% (16/50) were low weight; 2% (1/50) were premature. Neonatal brain ultrasound showed 70,4% (31/44) of the neonates with abnormal findings, mainly calcifications that occurred in 87% (27/31). 29 newborns were submitted to fundoscopy examinations and 38% (11/29) were abnormal. Conclusion: Despite the majority of pregnant women did not have classic symptoms of arboviruses and because of this the suspicion and confirmation of Zika viruses infection through serologies are difficult in clinical practice, it is important to understand clinical and epidemiological characteristics related to Zika viruses infection and the CZS to allow mapping where preventive measures should be directed and better investigated as well as to offer an adequate follow-up to the infected neonates according to their outcomes.

An approach to the understanding of the clinical-etiopathological aspect of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 862-869
Author(s):  
Meena Kumari ◽  
Monika Agrawal ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Parameswarappa S Byadgi
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Therapy Assessment ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
The World ◽  
Polarized Epithelia ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Currently, the world is facing a health and socioeconomic crisis caused by the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19. On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared this disease as a pandemic. The condition (COVID-19) is an infectious disorder triggered by a newly discovered severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2. Most of the COVID-19 infected patients will experience mild to moderate respiratory symptoms and recover without any unique therapy. Assessment of the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 cases suggests the infected patients will not be contagious until the onset of severe symptoms and affects the other organs. Well-differentiated cells of apical airway epithelia communicating with ACE2 were promptly infected to SARS-CoV-2 virus. But the expression of ACE 2 in poorly differentiated epithelia facilitated SARS spike (S) protein-pseudo typed virus entry and it is replicated in polarized epithelia and especially exited via the apical surface. Limiting the transmission of COVID-19 infection & its prevention can be regarded as a hierarchy of controls. In this article, we briefly discuss the most recent advances in respect to aetiology, pathogenesis and clinical progression of the disease COVID-19.

When Health Diplomacy Serves Foreign Policy: Use of Soft Power to Quell Conflict and Crises

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 724-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasim Sadat Hosseini Divkolaye ◽  
Mohammad Hadi Radfar ◽  
Fariba Seighali ◽  
Frederick M. Burkle
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Health Diplomacy ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Training

AbstractObjectiveHealth diplomacy has increasingly become a crucial element in forging political neutrality and conflict resolution and the World Health Organization has strongly encouraged its use. Global turmoil has heightened, especially in the Middle East, and with it, political, religious, and cultural differences have become major reasons to incite crises.MethodsThe authors cite the example of the human stampede and the deaths of over 2000 pilgrims during the 2015 annual Haj pilgrimage in Mecca.ResultsThe resulting political conflict between Iran and Saudi Arabia had the potential to escalate into a more severe political and military crisis had it not been for the ministers of health from both countries successfully exercising “soft power” options.ConclusionGlobal health security demands critical health diplomacy skills and training for all health providers. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;page 1 of 4)

Cryopreservation of sperm before gonadotoxic treatment at the University Hospital Brno in the years 1995–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-162
Author(s):  
Pavel Ventruba ◽  
◽  
Jana Žáková ◽  
Michal Ješeta ◽  
Igor Crha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Testicular Cancer ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hematopoietic Tissue ◽  
Severe Oligozoospermia ◽  
Sperm Bank ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas

Summary Objective: Sperm cryopreservation before gonadotoxic treatment is the basic and mos teffective method of preserving reproduction, which can be used during adolescence. The communication summarizes 26 years of experience in the operation of an oncological sperm bank, analyzes spermiograms of oncological patients, assesses the relationship between sperm pathology and diagnosis, and determines the number of deaths and the use of frozen sperm. Methods: During the existence of CAR 01 (assisted reproduction center), more than 50,000 spermiograms were performed. From January 1995 to December 2020, a total of 24,729 men were examined within the sperm bank, of which 1,448 (5.9%) had an oncological diagnosis. The spermiograms were evaluated according to current WHO (World Health Organization) manuals. Cryopreservation of sperm has undergone a major development. The rules for the storage of frozen cells have been laid down by Act No. 296/2008 Coll. since 2008. In 2019, the methodology „Cryopreservation of reproductive cells and tissues in patients before cancer treatment“ was updated. In all cases, the standard thawing technique was used. The sperms were processed by the swim-up method. As part of the treatment with assisted reproduction methods, oocytes were fertilized by the ICSI (intracytoplasmatic sperm injection) micromanipulation technique. Results: Out of 1,448 examined spermiograms in men with oncological diagnoses, testicular cancer was present in 43.7% of patients and malignant diseases of lymphatic and hematopoietic tissue were found in 24.1%, of which 70,1% included Hodgkin‘s lymphomas and 29,9% were non-Hodgkin‘s lymphomas. Leukemia was found in 7.9%, bone and cartilage cancers in 6.8%. The age of the clients of the whole group ranged from 13 to 64 years (27.2 ± 6.8 years). A total of 38.3% of men had normozoospermia, 54.2% of spermiograms showed pathological findings in 1 to 3 evaluated parameters and 7.5% of patients had azoospermia. Severe asthenozoospermia (mobility ≤ 10%) was detected in 57.2% of men and severe oligozoospermia (concentration ≤ 1 × 106 mm3) in 22.3% of patients. The lowest values of the spermiogram were found in men with testicular cancer; the best values were seen in CNS (central nervous system) cancers. The cryopreservation of sperm was performed in 1,340 cases (92.5%). So far, a total of 160 men (11.9%) have used frozen sperm, of which 6.2% in our center. In these 83 cases, the ICSI technique was always used, 38 clinical pregnancies (45.8%) and 32 births were achieved. We have registered 424 completed storages of semen (31.6%), of which 148 (11.0% of all oncology patients) were made due to death and the others at patients’ request. Using the sperm of the dead is a specific issue. Conclusion: In cancer patients, sperm pathologies occur in high percentage. The lowest spermiogram values were found in men with testicular cancer. It is necessary to take into account long-term storage and fertilization by micromanipulation methods. The number of men who die is significantly higher than the number of those who use sperm to treat infertility. Cryopreservation of sperm should be offered to each patient prior to the therapy leading to the destruction of spermatogenesis.

scholarly journals A Bittersweet Memoir

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-135
Author(s):  
Anita Y. N. Lim
Keyword(s):  
Video Clip ◽  
Early Period ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
The Novel ◽  
National University ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract I wrote this journal in March 2020 prior to the World Health Organization declaring the COVID-19 infection as a worldwide pandemic on March 11. The situation in Singapore was unfolding even as public healthcare institutions were tasked to lead the charge to contain the novel coronavirus as it was then called. This journal describes my experiences and impressions during my work in an isolation ward at the National University Hospital during this early period. I was to be catapulted into Pandemic Team 3 in the second and third weeks of February 2020. The urgency of hospital measures to respond to the novel coronavirus meant that the general medicine consultant roster which I was on was hijacked to support the pandemic wards. I thought wryly to myself that it was a stroke of genius to commandeer the ready-made roster of senior physicians; it would have been difficult for the roster monster to solicit senior physicians to volunteer when there were still so many unknowns about this virus. Graphic images of the dire situation in Wuhan, China, were circulating widely on social media. It was heart-wrenching to read of Dr. Li Wen Liang’s death. He had highlighted the mysterious pneumonia-causing virus. The video clip of him singing at a karaoke session that went viral underscored the tragedy of a young life cut short. Questions raced in my mind. “Are we helpless to prevent the spread of this virus?” “Is the situation in China to be replicated here in Singapore?” This seemed incredulous, yet, might it be possible? The immediate responses that jumped up within me was “yes, it’s possible, but let’s pray not. Whatever has to be done, must be done.”

scholarly journals Attribution of non-ClinicalTrials.gov registries among WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform-registered trials from 2014 to 2018: A protocol for a meta-epidemiological study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Banno ◽  
Yasushi Tsujimoto ◽  
Yuki Kataoka
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
Study Phase ◽  
Target Sample Size ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Clinical Trials Registry

Background. The attribution of non-ClinicalTrials.gov registries among registered trials of the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) had increased until 2013. However, the attribution after 2013 is unknown. Moreover, no study has investigated the usage of non-ClinicalTrials.gov registries after 2015 or compared the characteristics of trials under non-ClinicalTrials.gov and ClinicalTrials.gov registries. Methods. This will be a meta-epidemiological study. It will include all trials registered on the ICTRP from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2018. First, we will describe the total attribution of non-ClinicalTrials.gov registries among the ICTRP-registered trials for each year and each registry worldwide. Second, we will compare the recruitment status, target sample size, study type, study design, countries, prospective registration, funding, and study phase of the trials on ClinicalTrials.gov and other registries from 2014 to 2018. Third, we will report on the distribution of primary registries of trials from the top five countries in order of the quantity of registered trials on the ICTRP. Ethics & Dissemination. Ethics approval is not required for this study. This protocol has been registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR). The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and may be presented at conferences. Trial Registration Number. UMIN000034401

scholarly journals Edukasi dan Deteksi Dini Komplikasi Kehamilan dengan Pemeriksaan Laboratorium

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Rochany Septiyaningsih ◽  
Dhiah Dwi Kusumawati ◽  
Frisca Dewi Yunadi ◽  
Septiana Indratmoko
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Delivery Assistance ◽  
The World ◽  
Laboratory Examinations ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) states that maternal mortality worldwide due to complications during pregnancy and childbirth in 2017 is estimated at around 810 cases. Between 2000 and 2017 there was a decline in the ratio of MMR around the world by 38%. WHO also states that 94% of global maternal deaths occur in low and middle income countries. In Indonesia, maternal deaths due to complications from pregnancy or childbirth every year are estimated at 20,000 mothers died from five million births. Delivery assistance by trained health workers in health facilities can be an effort to reduce MMR and IMR. In addition, awareness of pregnant women is also important for the importance of having a pregnancy with a health worker. This community service aims to increase the knowledge of pregnant women about anemia and to detect early pregnancy complications by laboratory examinations. The target of this activity is 15 pregnant women. The dedication activity is conducting educational activities, laboratory examinations in Tambakreja Village, Cilacap Regency. Based on the results of this activity it was concluded that there was an increase in knowledge of pregnant women about anemia and found 2 pregnant women experiencing anemia from 15 pregnant women and urine examination found all negative pregnant women

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