scholarly journals Diabetic foot ulcers: Retrospective comparative analysis from Sicily between two eras

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0259405
Author(s):  
Valentina Guarnotta ◽  
Stefano Radellini ◽  
Enrica Vigneri ◽  
Achille Cernigliaro ◽  
Felicia Pantò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Risk Of Death

Aim The aim of this study was to analyze changes in the incidence, management and mortality of DFU in Sicilian Type 2 diabetic patients hospitalized between two eras, i.e. 2008–2013 and 2014–2019. Methods We compared the two eras, era1: 2008–13, era2: 2014–19. In era 1, n = 149, and in era 2, n = 181 patients were retrospectively enrolled. Results In the population hospitalized for DFU in 2008–2013, 59.1% of males and 40.9% of females died, whilst in 2014–2019 65.9% of males and 34.1% of females died. Moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) was significantly higher in patients that had died than in ones that were alive (33% vs. 43%, p < 0.001), just as CKD was severe (14.5% vs. 4%, p < 0.001). Considering all together the risk factors associated with mortality, at Cox regression multivariate analysis only moderate-severe CKD (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.07–2.42, p 0.021), age of onset greater than 69 years (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.37–2.95, p <0.001) and eGFR less than 92 ml/min (OR 2.84, 95% CI 1.51–5.34, p 0.001) were independently associated with risk of death. Conclusions Patients with DFU have high mortality and reduced life expectancy. Age at onset of diabetic foot ulcer, eGFR values and CKD are the principal risk factors for mortality.

scholarly journals Clinical Profile of Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer Treated Conservatively or Surgically and Effect of Risk Factors on Ulcer Healing

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 238-244
Author(s):  
Ved Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Ulcer Healing ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical profile of patients with diabetic foot ulcer treated conservatively or surgically and effect of risk factors on ulcer healing. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted in tertiary medical teaching hospital where medical records of diabetic patients who were admitted with foot problem were evaluated. All diabetic patients who were aged >18 years and admitted with DFU were included in this study. A structured proforma was used to collect data from the medical record. SPSS version 20.0 was used to perform the statistical analysis. Result: 280 subjects with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) were evaluated in this study. 71% ulcers were healed where as 11% were persisted unhealed. Patients who were undergone for amputation 12% were minor (Foot only) and 4% were major (above the ankle). A statistically significant association between age, duration of diabetes, glycemic control peripheral neuropathy, and ulcer size were found with diabetic foot ulcer healing. Conclusion: Modifiable factors like good glycemic control, early management of ulcers and early treatment of peripheral neuropathy can influence Diabetic foot ulcer outcomes. Special care should be provided to diabetic subjects who are aged and have longer duration of diabetes. Keywords: Diabetic foot ulcers, ulcer severity, clinical profile, Wagner’s Classification, outcome.

scholarly journals Prevalence of diabetic complications and risk factors among diabetic foot ulcer patients: a retrospective hospital-based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 3608
Author(s):  
Shanmuga Raju P. ◽  
Venkata Ramana N. ◽  
Surya Narayana Reddy V. ◽  
Bhagya Seela S. ◽  
Sachin G.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
The Mean

Background: Diabetic foot ulcer is a painful, demands increased health care utilization, and increases healthcare costs for the patients as well as the health care system. The purpose of this study was to analysis the prevalence of diabetic foot complications and risk factors among diabetic patients at tertiary care Hospital, Karimnagar.Methods: Total 60 sample sizes were included in the study. The study was conducted at General Surgery ward, Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar from July 2017 to June 2018. Demographic, complications and risk factors were recorded, and outcomes were analyzed using SPSS statistics version 21.0.Results: The Mean age of the study group is 50.31±14.26 years. The male to female distribution is 47 (78.3%) and 13 (21.7%) respectively. The mean duration of illness in days is 96.68±289.21, while mean HbA1C is 9.44±9.02. The mean fasting blood sugar and postprandial blood sugar is 159.78±70.01 and 157.78±86.28 which shown no significance difference (p = 0.87). Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was computed to the level of significant.Conclusions: There was no significant outcome was found in diabetic foot ulcer. Patient with high risk complications need as early detection, foot care education, moderate physical, exercise, fitted foot wear and diabetic diet should be decrease the risk of diabetic foot ulcers.

Association between Renal Function and Diabetic Foot Ulcer in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd El Basset El Sharaawy ◽  
◽  
Haitham Ezzat ◽  
Amr Mohab ◽  
Doaa Elwasly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals The risk factors of developing diabetic foot ulcers incidence with diabetic patients in Mukalla/Yemen

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
مريم باراس ◽  
Eidha A. Bin Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background: Diabetes is on the rise worldwide and is already considered as an epidemic by some experts. So, there is a need to raise awareness on the important factors that can help prevent bacterial infection in wounds of patients with diabetes. Objective: To study the risk factors of developing diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) in patients with diabetes. The study is the first in Yemen to investigate the prevalence of bacterial infection in wounds of diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: This is a case-control study carried out from November 2018 to May 2019. Twenty diabetic patients with foot ulcer and twenty without foot ulcer were examined. Risk factors and clinical profile of patients were studied by using a standardized questionnaire that included gender, age groups, past history of diabetes, duration of the disease, type of diabetes, DFU, type of ulcer, smoking, glucose level, and control of blood glucose level. Results: The risk factors that affected significantly the occurrence of DFU were gender (0.038), age groups (0.010), and duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) while hyperglycemic control, smoking, and family history were not. There was no significant difference (0.977) in mean fasting blood glucose (MBG) between the DM and DFU patients. Conclusions: Male diabetic patients aged more than 55 years and suffering from DM for more than 10 years were most likely to have DFU. Key words: diabetic foot ulcer, diabetes mellitus, risk factors, Yemen 

scholarly journals Risk factors deciding the prevention and healing of diabetic foot ulcer: a prospective study in Chennai Medical College Hospital and Research Center Irungalur, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India; a rural based tertiary medical care centre

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1770
Author(s):  
R. Murugan ◽  
S. Padma ◽  
M. Senthilkumaran
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Centre

Background: Diabetic foot ulcer is the one among and the most common complication of diabetes mellitus patients. Various studies from over the world for the past 2 decades discuss the important risk factors that decide the prevention and outcome of diabetic foot ulcer. In our prospective study we have discussed the risk factors focused on prevention and treatment of diabetic foot ulcer in a rural tertiary medical care centre.Methods: Totally 940 patients with the clinical diagnosis of diabetic foot ulcer admitted in our hospital surgical department were studied prospectively with their clinical symptoms and signs of diabetic foot ulcer and various evaluations done for the comorbid conditions with the help of other specialty departments. All these risk factors studied in our rural based tertiary medical centre were collected in a designed format were studied and discussed in comparison to the chosen data available in various studies done at various countries.Results: All the 940 patients admitted for diabetic foot ulcer who underwent a methodical evaluation for risk factor showed an elevated HbA1c more than 8 in 720 (77.5%) patients, bony involvement like osteomyelitis in 274 patients (29%) , peripheral vascular disease in 421 (44.9%), neuropathy in 533 patients (56.7%), nephropathy 163 (17.34%), retinopathy in 102 (10.85%) and heart disease in 375 (39.89%).Conclusions: Proper protocols to the prevention and management of foot ulcer in diabetic patients have not reached many health care centres and it is imperative to stress on the related comorbid risk factors which influence the prevention and healing of diabetic foot ulcer. Present study done at a rural tertiary health care centre is mainly focused on the incidence of risk factors which modulates and modify the diabetic foot ulcer prevention and management. This study aims to support the health professionals to identify the risk factors apart from the clinical picture of diabetic foot ulcer that may enhance the efficient management and avoid the unnecessary morbidity and mortality. 

scholarly journals Risk factors of amputation in diabetic foot infections

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quraysh Shabbir Sadriwala ◽  
Bapuji S. Gedam ◽  
Murtaza A. Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Diabetic Foot Infections

Background: Diabetes is the most common underlying cause of foot ulcers, infection, and ischemia, leading to hospitalization and the most frequent cause of non-traumatic lower extremity amputation. Despite well-defined risk factors for diabetic foot ulcer development, limited data are available as to which factors predict amputation in a diabetic foot ulcer episode. Therefore, to predict lower limb amputation occurrence and to determine the factors associated with the risk of amputation in diabetic patients, we conducted this study.Methods: A hospital based longitudinal study was carried out to assess the risk factors associated with amputation in diabetic foot infection. Patients with foot infections, who were either a diagnosed case of diabetes mellitus or were diagnosed at the institute were included in the study. We excluded patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy or radiotherapy, and infections at or above the ankle joint. Study factors were demographic details, biochemical parameters, Wagner grading, peripheral neuropathy as evaluated by nerve conduction test and vasculopathy as assessed by Ankle brachial index. The primary outcome factor was amputation. The data was presented as descriptive statistics and analyzed by dividing the patients into amputation and non-amputation group, and univariate and multivariate analysis was done.Results: A total of 64 patients were included in the study, out of which the amputation rate was 39.1%. Poor glycemic control, osteomyelitis, vasculopathy, peripheral neuropathy and Wagner grading were statistically significant.Conclusions: In the present study, poor glycemic control, vasculopathy, peripheral neuropathy and higher Wagner grade are significant risk factors for amputation in diabetic foot infections.

scholarly journals A Diabetic Foot Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-18
Author(s):  
Sailaj Ranjitkar ◽  
Eli Pradhan ◽  
Sujan Paudel ◽  
Shreya Pradhan ◽  
Subodh Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Level Of Education

Introduction: Diabetic foot has been defined by the International Working Group on the Diabetic foot and World Health Organisation as a Diabetic patient’s foot, associated with neuropathy, ischaemia or both, which has lead to ulceration, infection and/or deep tissue destruction An association of diabetic retinopathy with risk factors of Diabetic foot ulcer has been seen. Hence it is important to assess diabetic patients for risk factors leading to diabetic foot and tally these risks with diabetic retinopathy to help early diagnosis and management of diabetic foot and diabetic retinopathy. Methodology: This is a community based survey of a cohort of randomly presented patients examined on a first come first service basis limited to maximum of 100 patients to be reviewed in a day in a free health camp in Jaishi Dewal, Kathmandu, Nepal. The data of the patients were noted in a proforma documenting risks of diabetic foot and diabetic retinopathy. Results: Out of the 82 patients reviewed in the medical camp 38 were diabetic (type 2) with a mean age of 60.29 years being more common in females. Risk of Diabetic foot did have a definite association with level of education more common in the lesser educated and occupation (commonest in housewives). Awareness of risk of diabetic foot was only among 39.5% of the diabetic patients. Diabetic retinopathy was also seen only among 18.4% of the diabetic patients, being more common in the educated. Conclusion: Education and awareness programmes towards diabetic foot protocol are important despite the level of education or occupation. In diabetic patients, it is important to screen for risks of diabetic foot especially if patient has a history of hypertension and also screen for diabetic retinopathy.  

scholarly journals Knowledge of Risk Factors for Foot Ulceration among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Attending a Tertiary Health Facility in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martins Ehizode Emuze ◽  
Taoreed Adegoke Azeez ◽  
Arinola Esan ◽  
Jokotade Adeleye ◽  
William Balogun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Foot Ulceration ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Objective: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a relatively common complication of diabetes mellitus and constitutes a major cause of mortality. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of risk factors for foot ulceration among patients with diabetes in a tertiary health facility in South Western Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was initiated with participation of 100 diabetic patients. Diabetic patients were attending the medical outpatient clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan. A structured and validated questionnaire was administered and data was analyzed using SPSS 22. Association between sociodemographic characteristics and knowledge of risk factors for foot ulceration was evaluated by chi-square test. Results: Most of respondents were female (66%). The mean age of the patients was 58.77 (±11.8) years and 51% of patients did not know that it is possible to develop foot ulcer without feeling pain and 30% did not know that features suggestive of neuropathy could be associated with development of foot ulcer. 75% did not know that surgical vascular repair could play any role in the healing of a diabetic foot ulcer. 11% of patients were walking barefooted at home and as much as 63% of respondents did not know that poor longterm glycemic control could be a risk factor for the development of diabetic foot ulcers. Conclusion: The knowledge of the patients attending the diabetes clinic of a tertiary hospital in south-western Nigeria on foot care is generally poor. Education in this direction is very paramount to correct this defect.

scholarly journals Diabetic Foot Ulceration in a Secondary Health Facility

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Ayuba Affi ◽  
David Mancha ◽  
Pam Stephen ◽  
Amusa Ganiyu ◽  
S. A. Longwap
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Foot Ulceration ◽  
Poor Glycaemic Control

Aims: To determine the prevalence, pattern and presentation of the diabetic foot ulcer. Background: A diabetic foot ulcer is a major complication in diabetes mellitus and probably the major component of diabetic foot. It occurs in 15% of all patients with diabetes and precedes 84% of all lower leg amputations. Poverty, low economic status and ignorance have resulted in this devastating disease. It may worsen in the next decade. There are multiple risk factors that predispose an individual to DM foot ulcer; they include age, gender(male), type of DM, glycaemic (HbA1c) or FBG level, duration of DM (>10yrs) occupational status particular habits of self-foot care and infection. Patients and Methods: This consists of 69 diabetic patients; male and female included done between the months of January 2019 to March 2019. A demographic data questionnaire and social history were obtained. Overnight fasting serum glucose was obtained. Serum glucose was determined by enzymatic glucose oxidase method. Data obtained were subjected to Stata Version 11 Software to determine the graphical representation, mean, standard deviation of the analysis. Results: Thirty-Five 35 were male and 34 were female had type 2 diabetes. Forty-Three 43 patients had foot ulcer, 21 patients had gangrene and 5 had infection. The number of patients with peak glucose values 10 mmol/L and least glucose at 20-25 mmol/L. Those of duration 4-6 years were the most affected the age group most affected is between 40-59 yrs. Discussion and Conclusion: Risk factors for foot ulceration discovered among a host other factors identified in this study, were the infection, low socioeconomic status, improper footwear, poor glycaemic control, structural foot deformity and untreated gangrene. The role of poor glycaemic control in the genesis of diabetic complications cannot be overemphasized as the mean FPG was noted to be considerably higher in patients with foot ulceration As part of a comprehensive foot care programme, education on foot care should be directed at patients, family members and healthcare providers. Not less than 85% of all diabetic foot-related problems are preventable. This can be achieved through a combination of good care of foot, provided by an inter-professional diabetes care team, and appropriate education for people with diabetes.

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