Thainema gen. nov. (Leptolyngbyaceae, Synechococcales): A new genus of simple trichal cyanobacteria isolated from a solar saltern environment in Thailand

Simple trichal types constitute a group of cyanobacteria with an abundance of novel, often cryptic taxa. Here, we investigated material collected from wet surface-soil in a saline environment in Petchaburi Province, central Thailand. A morphological comparison of the isolated strain with similar known species, as well as its phylogenetic and species delimitation analyses based on the combined datasets of other related organisms, especially simple trichal cyanobacteria, revealed that the material of this study represented an independent taxon. Using a multifaceted method, we propose that this material represents a new genus, Thainema gen. nov., belonging to the family Leptolyngbyaceae, with the type species Thainema salinarum sp. nov. This novel taxon shares similar ecological habitats with strains previously placed in the same lineage.

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Early Paleozoic Hyolitha from North America: reexamination of Walcott's and Resser's type specimens

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/s0022336000029851 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 218-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

John Mark Malinky

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Lower Cambrian ◽

Type Species ◽

New Genus ◽

Early Paleozoic ◽

Type Specimens ◽

Middle Cambrian ◽

Upper Cambrian ◽

New Family ◽

The Family

Concepts of the family Hyolithidae Nicholson fide Fisher and the genera Hyolithes Eichwald and Orthotheca Novak have been expanded through time to encompass a variety of morphologically dissimilar shells. The Hyolithidae is here considered to include only those hyolithid species which have a rounded (convex) dorsum; slopes on the dorsum are inflated, and the venter may be flat or slightly inflated. Hyolithes encompasses species which possess a low dorsum and a prominent longitudinal sulcus along each edge of the dorsum; the ligula is short and the apertural rim is flared. The emended concept of Orthotheca includes only those species of orthothecid hyoliths which have a subtriangular transverse outline and longitudinal lirae covering the shell on both dorsum and venter.Eighteen species of Hyolithes and one species of Orthotheca from the Appalachian region and Western Interior were reexamined in light of more modern taxonomic concepts and standards of quality for type material. Reexamination of type specimens of H. similis Walcott from the Lower Cambrian of Newfoundland, H. whitei Resser from the Lower Cambrian of Nevada, H. billingsi Walcott from the Lower Cambrian of Nevada, H. gallatinensis Resser from the Upper Cambrian of Wyoming, and H. partitus Resser from the Middle Cambrian of Alabama indicates that none of these species represents Hyolithes. Hyolithes similis is here included under the new genus Similotheca, in the new family Similothecidae. Hyolithes whitei is designated as the type species of the new genus Nevadotheca, to which H. billingsi may also belong. Hyolithes gallatinensis is referred to Burithes Missarzhevsky with question, and H. partitus may represent Joachimilites Marek. The type or types of H. attenuatus Walcott, H. cecrops Walcott, H. comptus Howell, H. cowanensis Resser, H. curticei Resser, H. idahoensis Resser, H. prolixus Resser, H. resseri Howell, H. shaleri Walcott, H. terranovicus Walcott, and H. wanneri Resser and Howell lack shells and/or other taxonomically important features such as a complete aperture, rendering the diagnoses of these species incomplete. Their names should only be used for the type specimens until better preserved topotypes become available for study. Morphology of the types of H.? corrugatus Walcott and “Orthotheca” sola Resser does not support placement in the Hyolitha; the affinities of these species are uncertain.

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Philippinozercon, a new genus of Heterozerconidae (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata), with description of all active instars

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4540.1.4 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4540 (1) ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

BEVERLY S. GERDEMAN ◽

RUFINO C. GARCIA ◽

ANDREW HERCZAK ◽

HANS KLOMPEN

Keyword(s):

Type Species ◽

New Genus ◽

The Philippines ◽

Junior Synonym ◽

Temperate Species ◽

Oriental Region ◽

The Family

The generic classification of millipede associated Heterozerconidae in the Oriental region is revised. The genus Allozercon Vitzthum is re-diagnosed and Asioheterozercon Fain is designated as an subjective junior synonym of Allozercon. Philippinozercon gen. nov., with the type species P. makilingensis sp. nov., is described for all instars. This genus may be endemic for the Philippines, but is quite widespread in that country. All immature instars are described, making this the second species of Heterozerconidae known for all instars. The morphology of the immatures is compared with that of immatures of the temperate species Narceoheterozercon ohioensis and unnamed species from Brazil and Thailand. All immatures were collected from millipede frass and litter, never from millipedes. Adults are associated with millipedes in the family Trigoniulidae (Spirobolida).

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A new genus of Liocranidae (Arachnida: Araneae) from Tajikistan

Acta Biologica Sibirica ◽

10.3897/abs.6.e59687 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 583-594 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yuri M. Marusik ◽

Alexander A. Fomichev

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Type Species ◽

New Genus ◽

Family Group ◽

The Family ◽

Unique Pair ◽

Three New Species

A new genus, Platnickgen. n., with three new species, P. shablyaisp. n. (♂, type species), P. astanasp. n. (♀) and P. sangloksp. n. (♀), are described from Tajikistan. The male of the type species has a unique pair of longitudinal ventral postgastral scuta. Females have such scuta also, but they are much shorter. The new genus is placed in Liocranidae Simon, 1897. A discussion on the subfamilies of Liocranidae and comments on the family-group names are provided.

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Delimitation, new species and teleomorph-anamorph relationships in Codinaea, Dendrophoma, Paragaeumannomyces and Striatosphaeria (Chaetosphaeriaceae)

MycoKeys ◽

10.3897/mycokeys.74.57824 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 74 ◽

pp. 17-74

Author(s):

Martina Réblová ◽

Jana Nekvindová ◽

Jacques Fournier ◽

Andrew N. Miller

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Type Species ◽

Morphological Traits ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Axenic Culture ◽

Monophyletic Clade ◽

Morphological Comparison ◽

The Family ◽

Terrestrial Habitats ◽

First Time

The Chaetosphaeriaceae are a diverse group of pigmented, predominantly phialidic hyphomycetes comprised of several holomorphic genera including Chaetosphaeria, the most prominent genus of the family. Although the morphology of the teleomorphs of the majority of Chaetosphaeria is rather uniform, their associated anamorphs primarily exhibit the variability and evolutionary change observed in the genus. An exception from the morphological monotony among Chaetosphaeria species is a group characterised by scolecosporous, hyaline to light pink, multiseptate, asymmetrical ascospores and a unique three-layered ascomatal wall. Paragaeumannomyces sphaerocellularis, the type species of the genus, exhibits these morphological traits and is compared with similar Chaetosphaeria with craspedodidymum- and chloridium-like synanamorphs. Morphological comparison and phylogenetic analyses of the combined ITS-28S sequences of 35 isolates and vouchers with these characteristics revealed a strongly-supported, morphologically well-delimited clade in the Chaetosphaeriaceae containing 16 species. The generic name Paragaeumannomyces is applied to this monophyletic clade; eight new combinations and five new species, i.e. P. abietinussp. nov., P. eleganssp. nov., P. granulatussp. nov., P. sabinianussp. nov. and P. smokiensissp. nov., are proposed. A key to Paragaeumannomyces is provided. Using morphology, cultivation studies and phylogenetic analyses of ITS and 28S rDNA, two additional new species from freshwater and terrestrial habitats, Codinaea paniculatasp. nov. and Striatosphaeria castaneasp. nov., are described in the family. A codinaea-like anamorph of S. castanea forms conidia with setulae at each end in axenic culture; this feature expands the known morphology of Striatosphaeria. A chaetosphaeria-like teleomorph is experimentally linked to Dendrophoma cytisporoides, a sporodochial hyphomycete and type species of Dendrophoma, for the first time.

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Entomobacter blattae gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the Acetobacteraceae isolated from the gut of the cockroach Gromphadorhina portentosa

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY ◽

10.1099/ijsem.0.004666 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Juan Guzman ◽

Atena Sadat Sombolestani ◽

Anja Poehlein ◽

Rolf Daniel ◽

Ilse Cleenwerck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

16S Rrna ◽

Type Species ◽

New Genus ◽

Protein Sequences ◽

Acetic Acid Bacteria ◽

Content Type ◽

Link Type ◽

The Family ◽

Gromphadorhina Portentosa

A novel bacterium designated G55GPT and pertaining to the family Acetobacteraceae was isolated from the gut of the Madagascar hissing cockroach Gromphadorhina portentosa. The Gram-negative cells were rod-shaped and non-motile. The complete 16S rRNA sequence of the strain G55GPT showed the highest pairwise similarity to Gluconacetobacter johannae CFN-Cf-55T (95.35 %), suggesting it represents a potential new genus of the family Acetobacteraceae . Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene and 106 orthologous housekeeping protein sequences revealed that G55GPT forms a monophyletic clade with the genus Commensalibacter , which thus far has also been isolated exclusively from insects. The G55GPT genome size was 2.70 Mbp, and the G+C content was 45.4 mol%, which is lower than most acetic acid bacteria (51–68 mol%) but comparable to Swingsia samuiensis AH83T (45.1 mol%) and higher than Commensalibacter intestini A911T (36.8 mol%). Overall genome relatedness indices based on gene and protein sequences strongly supported the assignment of G55GPT to a new genus within the family Acetobacteraceae . The percentage of conserved proteins, which is a useful metric for genus differentiation, was below 54 % when comparing G55GPT to type strains of acetic acid bacteria, thus strongly supporting our hypothesis that G55GPT is a member of a yet-undescribed genus. The fatty acid composition of G55GPT differed from that of closely related acetic acid bacteria, particularly given the presence of C19 : 1 ω9c/ω11c and the absence of C14 : 0 and C14 : 0 2-OH fatty acids. Strain G55GPT also differed in terms of metabolic features such as its ability to produce acid from d-mannitol, and its inability to produce acetic acid from ethanol or to oxidize glycerol to dihydroxyacetone. Based on the results of combined genomic, phenotypic and phylogenetic characterizations, isolate G55GPT (=LMG 31394T=DSM 111244T) is considered to represent a new species in a new genus, for which we propose the name Entomobacter blattae gen. nov., sp. nov.

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Jinshanibacter, a new genus of Budviciaceae: identification of Jinshanibacter zhutongyuii sp. nov. and Jinshanibacter xujianqingii sp. nov. isolated from cloacal content of snow finch (Montifringilla taczanowskii)

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY ◽

10.1099/ijsem.0.004653 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Yajun Ge ◽

Bin Wang ◽

Jing Yang ◽

Xin-He Lai ◽

Gui Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type Strain ◽

Type Species ◽

New Genus ◽

Major Fatty Acid ◽

Phylogenomic Analysis ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Phenotypic Properties ◽

Content Type ◽

Link Type ◽

The Family

Four novel strains isolated from the cloacal contents of snow finches (Montifringilla taczanowskii) were characterized as aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, slightly motile, and rod-shaped. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain CF-458T had the highest similarities of 96.9 and 96.4 % with Limnobaculum parvum HYN0051T and Pragia fontium DSM 5563T, while strain CF-1111T shared the highest similarities of 96.4 and 96.1 % with Pantoea rodasii LMG 26273T and Pectobacterium punjabense SS95T. Phylogenomic analysis showed the four isolates were separated into group Ⅰ (CF-458T and CF-917) and group Ⅱ (CF-1111T and CF-509), and clustered independently in the vicinity of the genera Limnobaculum and Pragia . Summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c, 23.9 and 17.2 %, respectively), C16 : 0 (21.8 and 22.1 %, respectively) and C14 : 0 (10.6 and 17.7 %, respectively) were the common major fatty acids, and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω7c and/or C18 : 1 ω6c, 12.3 %) was also a major fatty acid for strain CF-458T while cyclo-C17 : 0 (13.1%) was for strain CF-1111T. Both had Q-8 as the sole quinone and contained phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and diphosphatidylglycerol as the major polar lipids. The DNA G+C content of strains CF-458T and CF-1111T was 45.7 and 45.4 mol%, respectively. Based on taxonomic position in the phylogenomic tree and phenotypic properties, two novel species of a new genus within the family Budviciaceae are thus proposed, with the name Jinshanibacter gen. nov., zhutongyuii sp. nov. (type strain CF-458T=CGMCC 1.16483T=GDMCC 1.1586T=JCM 33489T) and Jinshanibacter xujianqingii sp. nov. (type strain CF-1111T=CGMCC 1.16786T=GDMCC 1.1587T=JCM 33490T), respectively.

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A new genus of Scolebythidae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea) from the Early Cretaceous of China

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.3504.1.2 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3504 (1) ◽

pp. 56 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

YAPING CAI ◽

YUNYUN ZHAO ◽

CHUNGKUN SHIH ◽

DONG REN

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Early Cretaceous ◽

Type Species ◽

New Genus ◽

Northeastern China ◽

Yixian Formation ◽

Liaoning Province ◽

Comprehensive Understanding ◽

The Family ◽

Two New Species

A new genus Mirabythus Cai, Shih et Ren, gen. nov. (type species, M. lechrius Cai, Shih et Ren, sp. nov.) and M. liae Cai, Shih et Ren, sp. nov. from the family Scolebythidae are described from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Huangbanjigou Village, Liaoning Province, northeastern China. These findings extend the existence of Scolebythidae to the Early Cretaceous of China, while providing evidence to support Engel and Grimaldi’s hypothesis that the family was widely distributed throughout the Cretaceous. Our two new species with clear venation also provide a comprehensive understanding of the venational changes from the Early Cretaceous to now. A key to the fossil and extant genera of Scolebythidae is provided.

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Pauximyia, a new genus of Odiniidae (Diptera: Acalyptratae) with description of two new species from Brazil

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4728.2.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4728 (2) ◽

pp. 227-236

Author(s):

FRANCISCO LIMEIRA-DE-OLIVEIRA ◽

DAYSE WILLKENIA A. MARQUES ◽

STEPHEN D. GAIMARI ◽

JOSÉ A. RAFAEL

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Type Species ◽

New Genus ◽

The Family ◽

Two New Species

A new genus of odiniids (Odiniidae: Traginopinae) is described from Brazil, Pauximyia gen. nov., with two species, P. oliveirai sp. nov. (type species) and P. vidali sp. nov. A modified key to the Neotropical genera of the family and for the two Pauximyia gen. nov. species is provided.

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Cyclacanthia n.g. (Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida: Latrunculiidae incertea sedis), a new genus of marine sponges from South African waters, and description of two new species

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.725.1.1 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 725 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

TOUFIEK SAMAAI ◽

VASHA GOVENDER ◽

MICHELLE KELLY

Keyword(s):

South African ◽

Type Species ◽

New Genus ◽

East Coast ◽

Hot Spot ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

The Family ◽

Two New Species ◽

Shallow Subtidal ◽

Warm Temperate

The new genus Cyclacanthia n.g. is erected in the poecilosclerid Family Latrunculiidae for the type species Latrunculia bellae Samaai & Kelly, 2003, and two further species, Cyclacanthia cloverlyae sp. nov., and Cyclacanthia mzimayiensis sp. nov.. The latter species are from the subtropical east coast of South Africa, whereas C. bellae has only been found further south in warm temperate Algoa Bay. Cyclacanthia n.g. differs from other Latrunculiidae genera in the ontogeny, morphology and structure of the mature microsclere, the isospinodiscorhabd, which has only three major whorls of projections as opposed to the four in species of Latrunculia du Bocage. Additional diagnostic characters include the presence of broad swathes of megascleres that diverge from the base of the sponge towards the upper choanosome, where they form loose brushes and the typical whispy reticulation of most Latrunculiidae. The ectosome is composed of a dense tangential layer of megascleres, an irregular palisade of microscleres at the surface, and a permanently encrusting habit. Cyclacanthia n.g. is the second new latrunculid genus recently described from shallow subtidal South African waters, following major revision of the family. The presence of species in four of the five known genera in the family, on South African coastlines, suggests a diversity hot-spot for the family in this region.

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A new genus of ichthyosaur from the Late Triassic Pardonet Formation of British Columbia: bridging the Triassic Jurassic gap

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences ◽

10.1139/e00-115 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 983-1002 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Elizabeth L Nicholls ◽

Makoto Manabe

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Type Species ◽

New Genus ◽

Late Triassic ◽

Unique Combination ◽

Type Specimens ◽

Nomen Dubium ◽

The Family ◽

Large Diamond

Both the genus Shastasaurus and the family Shastasauridae have long been hard to define due to the fragmentary nature of the type specimens. Consequently, recent interpretations of the genus have been based almost entirely on Shastasaurus neoscapularis from the Late Triassic Pardonet Formation of British Columbia. Two new specimens of this taxon, from Pink Mountain, British Columbia, demonstrate that it does not belong in the genus Shastasaurus. This paper describes the new specimens, and refers the species to Metashastasaurus gen nov. Post-cranially, the skeleton of Metashastasaurus resembles that of shastasaurids, differing primarily only in the shape of the scapula and fibula. However, the skull has a unique combination of characters, including large diamond-shaped frontals that enter the supratemporal fenestrae, and very narrow posterior extensions of the nasals, which contact the postfrontals. It also differs from the skull of Shastasaurus in the presence of both a parietal ridge and postparietal shelf. This is a combination of derived characters previously known only in Jurassic forms. The front limb has four proximal carpals and four digits, indicating that previous reconstructions were based on incomplete material. Shastasaurus pacificus Merriam 1895, the type species of the genus Shastasaurus, must be considered a nomen dubium, making the genus Shastasaurus invalid. Until this problem is clarified, the use of the generic name Shastasaurus should be restricted to Merriam's type specimens, of which only Shastasaurus alexandrae and Shastasaurus osmonti are based on adequate material.

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