Statin Protection Against Influenza and COPD Mortality: Response

Abstract Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between ambient particulate matters(PMs)and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mortality.Methods: Generalized Additive Mixed Model was employed to investigate the effects of ambient fine and coarse PMs on COPD mortality using 13,066 deaths from 2014 to 2016 among six cities in Zhejiang Province in Southeastern China.Results: The daily average death count due to COPD was 3, varying from 1 to 7among six cities. The daily 24-hour mean concentrations were diverse among cities, from 29.7 to 56.8 µg/m3 for PM2.5, 16.7 to 30.3 µg/m3 for PM2.5−10, and 50.3 to 87.1 µg/m3 for PM10, respectively. The analysis showed that daily exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 was associated with increased mortality due to COPD and that weak effects were observed between PM2.5−10 and COPD mortality.Conclusions: Our results provided evidence that the fine particles in air pollution have stronger functions on adverse health effects other than coarser particles in Southeastern China, which may be considered as a potential clinic target in PM-associated COPD.

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Estimating Contributions of Social and Behavioral Factors to Cardiovascular Disease, Cancer, COPD, and Unintentional-Injury Mortality Disparities by Psychological Distress in the United States: A Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition Analysis of the 1997-2014 NHIS-NDI Record Linkage Study

International Journal of Translational Medical Research and Public Health ◽

10.21106/ijtmrph.403 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 259-273

Author(s):

Hyunjung Lee ◽

Gopal K. Singh

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Decomposition Analysis ◽

Unintentional Injury ◽

Behavioral Characteristics ◽

Injury Mortality ◽

Specific Mortality ◽

Mortality Disparities ◽

Copd Mortality ◽

Cvd Mortality

Background: Previous research has shown a significant association between psychological distress (PD) and cause-specific mortality, but contributions of sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics to mortality differences by PD are not fully explored. Methods: The Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition analysis was used to quantify the contributions of individual sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics to the observed cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and unintentional-injury mortality disparities between United States (US) adults with no PD and those with serious psychological distress (SPD), using the pooled 1997-2014 data from the National Health Interview Survey prospectively linked to the National Death Index (N=263,825). Results: Lower levels of education and household income, and higher proportions of current smokers, former drinkers, non-married adults, US-born, and renters contributed to higher mortality for adults with SPD. The relative percentage of mortality explained by sociodemographic and behavioral factors was highest for cancer mortality (71.25%) and lowest for unintentional-injury mortality (20.19%). Enhancing education level among adults with SPD would decrease approximately 30% of cancer or CVD mortality disparity, and around 10% of COPD and unintentional-injury mortality disparities. Half of the cancer mortality disparity (47.4%) could be attributed to a single factor, smoking. Increasing income level will decrease 7 to 13% of the disparity in cause-specific mortality. Higher proportions of renters explained higher CVD and COPD mortality among adults with SPD by 7% and 3%, respectively. Higher proportions of former drinkers explained higher CVD, cancer, and COPD mortality among adults with SPD by 6%, 7%, and 3%, respectively. Younger age, higher proportion of females, and higher BMI among adults with SPD mitigated the mortality disparities. Conclusions and Implications for Translational Research: Improved education and income levels, and reduced smoking among US adults with SPD would eliminate around 90% of the cancer mortality disparity by SPD, and half of the CVD mortality disparity. Copyright © 2021 Lee and Singh. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.

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Analysis of the Time–Concentration–Mortality Response ofNilaparvata lugens(Hemiptera: Delphacidae) to Paichongding

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/tov179 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 108 (4) ◽

pp. 2009-2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yan-Wei Shi ◽

Xiaowa Qin ◽

Zhongyang Wang ◽

Meng Wang ◽

Jie Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mortality Response

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Development-Disrupting Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor, Novaluron, Reprogramming the Chitin Degradation Mechanism of Red Palm Weevils

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24234304 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (23) ◽

pp. 4304 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Abid Hussain ◽

Ahmed Mohammed AlJabr ◽

Hassan Al-Ayedh

Keyword(s):

Expression Patterns ◽

Invasive Pest ◽

Chitin Synthesis ◽

Red Palm Weevil ◽

Synthesis Inhibitor ◽

Chitin Degradation ◽

Palm Weevil ◽

Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor ◽

Mortality Response ◽

Study Laboratory

Disruption in chitin regulation by using chitin synthesis inhibitor (novaluron) was investigated to gain insights into the biological activity of chitinase in red palm weevils, an invasive pest of date palms in the Middle East. Impact of novaluron against ninth instar red palm weevil larvae was examined by dose-mortality response bioassays, nutritional indices, and expression patterns of chitinase genes characterized in this study. Laboratory bioassays revealed dose-dependent mortality response of ninth-instar red palm weevil larvae with LD50 of 14.77 ppm of novaluron. Dietary growth analysis performed using different doses of novaluron (30, 25, 20, 15, 10, and 5 ppm) exhibited very high reduction in their indexes such as Efficacy of Conversion of Digested Food (82.38%) and Efficacy of Conversion of Ingested Food (74.27%), compared with control treatment. Transcriptomic analysis of red palm weevil larvae characterized numerous genes involved in chitin degradation including chitinase, chitinase-3-like protein 2, chitinase domain-containing protein 1, Endochitinase-like, chitinase 3, and chitin binding peritrophin-a domain. However, quantitative expression patterns of these genes in response to novaluron-fed larvae revealed tissue-specific time-dependent expression patterns. We recorded overexpression of all genes from mid-gut tissues. Growth retarding, chitin remodeling and larvicidal potential suggest novaluron as a promising alternate for Rhynchophorus ferrugineus management.

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