Influence of Body Composition, Hemoglobin Concentration, and Cardiac Size and Function of Gender Differences in Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Prepubertal Children

CHEST Journal ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 1494-1499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnés Vinet ◽  
Stéphane Mandigout ◽  
Stéphane Nottin ◽  
LongDang Nguyen ◽  
Anne-Marie Lecoq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Relationship between body composition, blood volume and maximal oxygen uptake

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (S34) ◽  
pp. 485-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. KEARNS ◽  
K. H. McKEEVER ◽  
H. JOHN-ALDER ◽  
T. ABE ◽  
W. F. BRECHUE
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake

Polarized Versus High-Intensity Multimodal Training in Recreational Runners

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Carnes ◽  
Sara E. Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Lower Volume ◽  
High Zone ◽  
Multimodal Training ◽  
Recreational Runners

Purpose: This study longitudinally compared changes in running performance (5-km time trial) and fitness (maximal oxygen uptake [VO2max] and body composition [BC]) between polarized training and CrossFit Endurance (CFE) in recreational runners. Methods: Participants (N = 21) completed 12 wk of CFE or polarized endurance training (POL). Both groups trained 5 d·wk−1. POL ran 5 d·wk−1, whereas CFE ran 3 d·wk−1 and performed CrossFit 3 d·wk−1 (run + CrossFit 1 d·wk−1). Intensity was classified as low, moderate, or high (zone 1, 2, or 3) according to ventilatory thresholds. POL was prescribed greater volume (295 [67] min·wk−1), distributed as 85%/5%/10% in Z1/Z2/Z3. CFE emphasized a lower volume (110 [18] min·wk−1) distribution of 48%/8%/44%. Results: POL ran 283 (75.9) min·wk−1 and 47.3 (11.6) km·wk−1, both exceeding the 117 (32.2) min·wk−1 and 19.3 (7.17) km·wk−1 in CFE (P < .001). The POL distribution (74%/11%/15%) had greater total and percentage Z1 (P < .001) than CFE (46%/15%/39%), which featured higher percentage Z3 (P < .001). Time trial improved −93.8 (40.4) s (−6.21% [2.16%]) in POL (P < .001) and −84.2 (65.7) s (−5.49% [3.56%]) in CFE (P = .001). BC improved by −2.45% (2.59%) fat in POL (P = .02) and −2.62% (2.53%) in CFE (P = .04). The magnitude of improvement was not different between groups for time trial (P = .79) or BC (P = .88). Both groups increased VO2max (P ≤ .01), but with larger magnitude (P = .04, d = 0.85) in POL (4.3 [3.6] mL·kg·min−1) than CFE (1.78 [1.9] mL·kg·min−1). Conclusions: Recreational runners achieved similar improvement in 5-km performance and BC through polarized training or CFE, but POL yielded a greater increase in VO2max. Extrapolation to longer distances requires additional research.

Maximal Oxygen Uptake, Nutritional Patterns and Body Composition of Adolescent Female Ballet Dancers

1985 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla M. Clarkson ◽  
Patty S. Freedson ◽  
Betsy Keller ◽  
David Carney ◽  
Margaret Skrinar
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Adolescent Female ◽  
Ballet Dancers

Decreases in maximal oxygen uptake following long-duration spaceflight: Role of convective and diffusive O2 transport mechanisms

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 968-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Ade ◽  
R. M. Broxterman ◽  
A. D. Moore ◽  
T. J. Barstow
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
International Space Station ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Transport Pathway ◽  
International Space ◽  
Long Duration

We have previously predicted that the decrease in maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o2max) that accompanies time in microgravity reflects decrements in both convective and diffusive O2 transport to the mitochondria of the contracting myocytes. The aim of this investigation was therefore to quantify the relative changes in convective O2 transport (Q̇o2) and O2 diffusing capacity (Do2) following long-duration spaceflight. In nine astronauts, resting hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]), V̇o2max, maximal cardiac output (Q̇Tmax), and differences in arterial and venous O2 contents ([Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]) were obtained retrospectively for International Space Station Increments 19–33 (April 2009–November 2012). Q̇o2 and Do2 were calculated from these variables via integration of Fick’s Principle of Mass Conservation and Fick’s Law of Diffusion. V̇o2max significantly decreased from pre- to postflight (−53.9 ± 45.5%, P = 0.008). The significant decrease in Q̇Tmax (−7.8 ± 9.1%, P = 0.05), despite an unchanged [Hb], resulted in a significantly decreased Q̇o2 (−11.4 ± 10.5%, P = 0.02). Do2 significantly decreased from pre- to postflight by −27.5 ± 24.5% ( P = 0.04), as did the peak [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] (−9.2 ± 7.5%, P = 0.007). With the use of linear regression analysis, changes in V̇o2max were significantly correlated with changes in Do2 ( R2 = 0.47; P = 0.04). These data suggest that spaceflight decreases both convective and diffusive O2 transport. These results have practical implications for future long-duration space missions and highlight the need to resolve the specific mechanisms underlying these spaceflight-induced changes along the O2 transport pathway. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Long-duration spaceflight elicited a significant decrease in maximal oxygen uptake. Given the adverse physiological adaptations to microgravity along the O2 transport pathway that have been reported, an integrative approach to the determinants of postflight maximal oxygen uptake is needed. We demonstrate that both convective and diffusive oxygen transport are decreased following ~6 mo International Space Station missions.

High-Intensity Kayak Performance After Adaptation to Intermittent Hypoxia

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darrell L. Bonetti ◽  
Will G. Hopkins ◽  
Andrew E. Kilding
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Hypoxic Exposure ◽  
Exercise Economy

Context:Live-high train-low altitude training produces worthwhile gains in performance for endurance athletes, but the benefits of adaptation to various forms of artificial altitude are less clear.Purpose:To quantify the effects of intermittent hypoxic exposure on kayak performance.Methods:In a crossover design with a 6-week washout, we randomized 10 subelite male sprint kayak paddlers to hypoxia or control groups for 3 weeks (5 days/week) of intermittent hypoxic exposure using a nitrogen-filtration device. Each day's exposure consisted of alternately breathing hypoxic and ambient air for 5 minutes each over 1 hour. Performance tests were an incremental step test to estimate peak power, maximal oxygen uptake, exercise economy, and lactate threshold; a 500-m time trial; and 5 × 100-m sprints. All tests were performed on a wind-braked kayak ergometer 7 and 3 days pretreatment and 3 and 10 days post treatment. Hemoglobin concentration was measured at 1 day pretreatment, 5 and 10 days during treatment, and 3 days after treatment.Results:Relative to control, at 3 days post treatment the hypoxia group showed the following increases: peak power 6.8% (90% confidence limits, ± 5.2%), mean repeat sprint power 8.3% (± 6.7%), and hemoglobin concentration 3.6% (± 3.2%). Changes in lactate threshold, mean 500-m power, maximal oxygen uptake, and exercise economy were unclear. Large effects for peak power and mean sprint speed were still present 10 days posthypoxia.Conclusion:These effects of intermittent hypoxic exposure should enhance performance in kayak racing. The effects might be mediated via changes in oxygen transport.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document