Recurrent Pulmonary Infections: A Rare Case of Bronchial Atresia

Prevotella genus comprises of obligate anaerobic, gram-negative bacteria that are commensal organisms of oral cavity, gut and vaginal mucosa. Although many Prevotella species have well-established pathogenicity with respect to pulmonary infections, rarely has Prevotella pleuritidis been isolated as a cause of lung abscess. We present a rare case of left lower lobe lung abscess due to P. pleuritidis identified using next-generation sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA testing. A brief review of the literature regarding Prevotella species pulmonary infections, use of next-generation cell-free DNA testing early in the evaluation, antibiotic susceptibility and resistance is also a part of this report.

Download Full-text

Congenital Bronchial Atresia

Chest Imaging ◽

10.1093/med/9780199858064.003.0089 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 517-521

Author(s):

Ryo E. C. Benson

Keyword(s):

Surgical Resection ◽

Congenital Abnormality ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Pulmonary Infections ◽

Imaging Diagnosis ◽

Imaging Appearance ◽

Segmental Bronchus ◽

Asymptomatic Patients ◽

Hyperlucent Lung ◽

Bronchial Atresia

Congenital bronchial atresia (CBA) is a benign congenital abnormality in which there is focal atresia of a segmental bronchus with resultant distal endobronchial mucocele (bronchocele) and surrounding hyperlucent lung. Affected patients are typically young and asymptomatic, and the diagnosis is usually incidental. CBA is an imaging diagnosis that may be suspected on radiography but is usually confirmed on chest CT. The typical imaging appearance is a round, tubular or branching, non-enhancing mucocele with surrounding localized hyperlucent lung. Asymptomatic patients require no further imaging or treatment. However, surgical resection of the affected lung can be considered for symptomatic patients with recurrent pulmonary infections.

Download Full-text

Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis Complicating Bronchial Atresia

Case Reports in Medicine ◽

10.1155/2014/208963 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Mazen O. Al-Qadi ◽

Dereddi Raja S. Reddy ◽

Brandon T. Larsen ◽

Vivek N. Iyer

Keyword(s):

Surgical Excision ◽

Immunocompetent Patient ◽

Pulmonary Infections ◽

Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽

First Case ◽

Bronchial Lumen ◽

Emphysematous Lung ◽

Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽

Bronchial Atresia

Bronchial atresia is a rare pulmonary developmental anomaly characterized by the presence of a focal obliteration of a segmental or lobar bronchial lumen. The lung distal to the atretic bronchus is typically emphysematous along with the presence of mucus filled ectatic bronchi (mucoceles). BA is usually asymptomatic but pulmonary infections can rarely develop in the emphysematous lung distal to the atretic bronchus. We present a unique case of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) in a patient with BA with no evidence of immune dysfunction. The patient was treated initially with voriconazole and subsequently underwent surgical excision of the involved area. On follow-up, she has done extremely well with no evidence for recurrence. In summary, we describe the first case of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in an immunocompetent patient with bronchial atresia.

Download Full-text

Paecilomyces Pneumonia Despite Voriconazole Prophylaxis: A Case Report and Literature Review

European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine ◽

10.12890/2021_002651 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Abuzar A Asif ◽

Mony Roy ◽

Sharjeel Ahamad

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Literature Review ◽

Clinical Significance ◽

Rare Case ◽

Antifungal Agents ◽

Common Species ◽

Pulmonary Infections ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Paecilomyces Variotii ◽

Immunocompromised Hosts

Paecilomyces species are a rare cause of fungal pulmonary infections in immunocompromised hosts. Paecilomyces variotii and Paecilomyces lilacinus are the two most common species of clinical significance. Both species differ in their susceptibility to antifungal agents. We present a rare case of a 47-year-old immunocompromised woman who developed Paecilomyces pneumonia despite being on voriconazole prophylaxis. We also present a review of the literature on other reported cases.

Download Full-text

Identification of Pulmonary Deposits from a Sandpaper Worker: A Study by Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Microanalysis

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100053061 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 52-53

Author(s):

S. K. Peng ◽

M.A. Egy ◽

J. K. Singh ◽

M.B. Bishop

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Environmental Pollution ◽

Rare Case ◽

Interstitial Fibrosis ◽

X Ray ◽

Documented Case ◽

Etiologic Agents ◽

Pulmonary Interstitial Fibrosis ◽

Gold Miners ◽

Pulmonary Changes

Electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis (EDXA) are found to be very useful tools for identification of etiologic agents in pneumoconiosis or interstitial pulmonary disorders. Pulmonary interstitial fibrosis and granulomatosis are frequently associated with occupational and environmental pollution. Numerous reports of pneumoconiosis in various occupations such as coal and gold miners are presented in the literature. However, there is no known documented case of pulmonary changes in workers in the sandpaper industry. This study reports a rare case of pulmonary granulomatosis containing deposits from abrasives of sandpaper diagnosed by using EDXA.

Download Full-text