The [14C]Deoxyglucose Method for Measurement of Local Cerebral Glucose Utilization

2003 ◽  
pp. 155-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Sokoloff ◽  
Charles Kennedy ◽  
Carolyn B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Local Cerebral Glucose Utilization ◽  
Cerebral Glucose Utilization ◽  
Deoxyglucose Method

Local cerebral glucose utilization in fetal and neonatal sheep

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (4) ◽  
pp. R608-R618 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Abrams ◽  
M. Ito ◽  
J. E. Frisinger ◽  
C. S. Patlak ◽  
K. D. Pettigrew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Local Cerebral Glucose Utilization ◽  
Cerebral Energy Metabolism ◽  
Cerebral Glucose Utilization ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Deoxyglucose Method

The newborn mammalian brain of several species has been shown to have a lower average rate of energy metabolism and a narrower range of rates in its various components than is found in maturity. In a further study of cerebral energy metabolism during development, we have employed the [14C]deoxyglucose method for measuring local cerebral glucose utilization in fetal and neonatal sheep. After establishing the lumped constant to be 0.40 and finding the rate constants for the kinetic behavior of deoxyglucose in plasma and brain to be close to those in other species, we measured the rates of glucose utilization in 44 regions of the brain. The rates were low and homogeneous in midgestation, except for those of brain stem nuclei of the auditory and vestibular systems and those of the hippocampus which were relatively high. In the last 7 wk, local rates rose approximately threefold. After birth there was a further average increase of 50% above full-term levels. The study shows that cerebral energy metabolism rises in most structures during prenatal maturation, a time when sensory stimulation is at a relatively low level and behavioral responses are minimal.

scholarly journals Effects of Insulin on Local Cerebral Glucose Utilization in the Rat

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Lucignani ◽  
Hiroki Namba ◽  
Astrid Nehlig ◽  
Linda J. Porrino ◽  
Charles Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Ventromedial Nucleus ◽  
Local Cerebral Glucose Utilization ◽  
Cerebral Glucose Utilization ◽  
Hypothalamic Nuclei ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Deoxyglucose Method

The effects of hyperinsulinemia on local cerebral glucose utilization were studied by the quantitative autoradiographic 2-[14C]deoxyglucose method in normal conscious rats under steady-state normoglycemic conditions. Hyperinsulinemia and a steady state of normoglycemia were achieved and maintained during the experimental period by a continuous intravenous (i.v.) infusion of insulin given simultaneously with a programmed i.v. infusion of D-glucose. Hyperinsulinemia under normoglycemic conditions did not change the average rate of glucose utilization in the brain as a whole, but significant increases in local glucose utilization were found selectively in the ventromedial, dorsomedial, and anterior hypothalamic nuclei. The results suggest that a known anatomical pathway linking the dorsomedial and anterior nuclei with the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus may be physiologically activated in response to hyperinsulinemia.

scholarly journals Increased Local Cerebral Glucose Utilization in the Basal Ganglia of the Rolling Mouse Nagoya

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motohiro Kato ◽  
Shinichi Hosokawa ◽  
Shozo Tobimatsu ◽  
Yoshigoro Kuroiwa
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Local Cerebral Glucose Utilization ◽  
Motor Disturbance ◽  
Cerebral Glucose Utilization ◽  
Hind Limbs ◽  
Hereditary Cerebellar Ataxia ◽  
Deoxyglucose Method ◽  
Motor Disturbances

Rolling mouse Nagoya (rolling), an experimental mutant mouse, is characterized by a marked incoordination of the hind limbs and disturbance of gait. These motor disturbances have been attributed to cerebellar dysfunction, and rolling, therefore, has been regarded as an animal model of hereditary cerebellar ataxia. However, definite evidence for this possibility has not yet been provided. In the present study, local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) was observed by means of the [14C]deoxyglucose method in rolling ( rol/rol), as well as in behaviorally normal heterozygotes (+/ rol) and normal controls (+/+), in order to study functional activity of the brain in these mice. A definite increase in LCGU was found in the globus pallidus, entopeduncular nucleus, subthalamic nucleus, and substantia nigra of rolling, bilaterally. A minimal decrease in LCGU was also found in the vermis of the cerebellum. These findings reflect the markedly hyperactive state of the basal ganglia and the minimally hypoactive state in the vermis of the cerebellum in rolling. It is concluded that the dysfunction in the basal ganglia is the major cause of the motor disturbances of rolling, and that rolling may be regarded as an animal model of extrapyramidal motor disturbance.

scholarly journals The Lumped Constant of the Deoxyglucose Method in Hypoglycemia: Effects of Moderate Hypoglycemia on Local Cerebral Glucose Utilization in the Rat

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumio Suda ◽  
Mami Shinohara ◽  
Makoto Miyaoka ◽  
Giovanni Lucignani ◽  
Charles Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Plasma Glucose Concentration ◽  
Local Cerebral Glucose Utilization ◽  
Cerebral Glucose Utilization ◽  
Lumped Constant ◽  
Arterial Plasma ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Deoxyglucose Method

The applicability of the [14C]deoxyglucose method for measuring local cerebral glucose utilization (lCMRglc) has been extended for use in hypoglycemia by determination of the values of the lumped constant to be used in rats with plasma glucose concentrations ranging from approximately 2 to 6 m M. Lumped constant values were higher in hypoglycemia and declined from a value of 1.2 at the lowest arterial plasma glucose level (1.9 m M) to about 0.48 in normoglycemia. The distribution of glucose, and therefore also of the lumped constant, was found to remain relatively uniform throughout the brain at the lowest plasma glucose levels studied. lCMRglc in moderate, insulin-induced hypoglycemia (mean arterial plasma glucose concentration ± SD of 2.4 ± 0.3 m M) was determined with the appropriate lumped constant corresponding to the animal's plasma glucose concentration and compared with the results obtained in six normoglycemic rats. The weighted average rate of glucose utilization for the brain as a whole was significantly depressed by 14% in the hypoglycemic animals, i.e., 61 μmol/100 g/min in hypoglycemia compared to 71 μmol/100 g/min in the normoglycemic controls ( p < 0.05). lCMRglc was lower in 47 of 49 structures examined but statistically significantly below the rate in normoglycemic rats in only six structures ( p < 0.05) by multiple comparison statistics. Regions within the brainstem were most prominently affected. The greatest reductions, statistically significant or not, occurred in structures in which glucose utilization is normally high, suggesting that glucose delivery and transport to the tissue became rate-limiting first in those structures with the greatest metabolic demands for glucose.

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