Biodiversitas dan Sebaran Karang Jamur (Fungiidae) di Perairan Teluk Amurang, Minahasa Selatan

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Bambang Hermanto
Keyword(s):  
Essential Role ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Mushroom Coral ◽  
Belt Transect ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
Richness Index ◽  
Unique Species ◽  
Range Of Values

<strong>Biodiversity and Distribution of Mushroom Coral (Fungiidae) in The Amurang Bay, South Minahasa.</strong> Mushroom coral is the one of sclerectinians that has essential role to form coral reefs. This kind of species act as a microhabitat for other marine organisms such as shrimp. cryptobenthic fish, barnacle and crab. Most of these unique species have an ability to move from one habitat to another during benthic phase. The aim of this research was to determine the community structure and distribution of mushroom corals. This research was conducted in February 2017 at 4 research stations using belt transect method with  50x2m<sup>2</sup> length of transects. The results showed that 431 individuals consisting of 19 species and 11 genus were recorded. Generally, the range of values of diversity index (H) was between 0,85-1,06  (low to medium level). The evennes index (J) values was ranged from 0,81 to 0,89 (high level) while the richness index (D) was 2,47-3,58 (low level). Lythophyllon repanda, Lythophyllon concinna and Fungia fungites were the most dominant mushroom coral spesies in the Amurang Bay waters.

scholarly journals COMMUNITY STRUCTURE ECHINODERMS (ASTEROIDEA, OPHIUROIDEA, ECHINOIDEA AND HOLOTHUROIDEA) IN THE MARINE NATIONAL PARK EAST SULAWESI WAKATOBI

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 357-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eddy Yusron
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Dead Coral ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Different Types ◽  
High Level ◽  
Richness Index

A study on Echinoderms community structure in marine national parks of Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi was conducted in six locations, i.e., Waha Beach, Coastal Sombo, Beach Houses, Beach Kapota, Banakawa beach, and Umala beach in October 2013. All of the six parks were located the Wakatobi territorial waters with coordinates of 5°06'25" S and 123°124'10 E. The results showed of 18 species of echinoderms representing six different types of Asteroidea, two types of Ophiuroidea, six types of Echinoidea, and four types of Holothuroidea. Group of starfish or Asteroidea was the most prominent on seagrass area. Based on the six transects sites, it turned out that the group of starfish (Asteridea) occupied a relatively high level of species richness. From the quantitative analysis values, we obtained diversity index (H) of 1.105 in Sombu, the highest evenness index (J) of 0.989 was found in Umala, and the highest species richness index values (D) of 0.132 was obtained in kapota. It seemed that all echinoderm groups were generally like seagrass microhabitat (12 types). While, sand and dead coral habitats were only occupied by 8 (eight) echinoderm groups. Keywords: echinoderms, diversity, Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi

scholarly journals STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS ECHINODERMATA DI KAWASAN INTERTIDAL GILI MENO, LOMBOK UTARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
M. Irsyad A. Ghafari ◽  
Gito Hadiprayitno ◽  
M. Liwa Ilhamdi ◽  
Noar Muda Satyawan
Keyword(s):  
Essential Role ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Intertidal Area ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Aquatic Resources ◽  
Ecological Index ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Belt Transect ◽  
The Stability

AbstrakEchinodermata merupakan salah satu kelompok invertebrata yang memegang peranan penting, baik secara ekologi maupun ekonomi. Pengetahuan tentang organisme ini sangat dibutuhkan terkait dengan keberadaannya di alam yang semakin tergerus oleh pembangunan dan aktivitas manusia yang tidak ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas Echinodermata di kawasan intertidal Gili Meno, Lombok Utara, yang dilakukan pada bulan April 2018 di 6 stasiun pengamatan yang tersebar di kawasan intertidal. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode belt transect dengan pengulangan sebanyak 2–4 kali pada setiap stasiun, dengan luas transek 100 m2. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 13 spesies yang berasal dari 4 kelas Echinodermata, yaitu Asteroidea (1 spesies), Echinoidea (4 spesies), Holothuroidea (4 spesies), dan Ophiuroidea (4 spesies). Hasil penghitungan indeks ekologi menunjukkan bahwa indeks keanekaragaman komunitas Echinodermata berkisar antara 0,16–1,36 (kategori rendah-sedang). Indeks dominansi di setiap stasiun berkisar antara 0,32–0,94 (kategori rendah-sedang), sedangkan indeks kemerataan sebesar 0,25 (kategori rendah). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa stabilitas komunitas Echinodermata di kawasan intertidal Gili Meno tergolong rendah. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan dalam pembangunan kawasan wisata yang ramah lingkungan tanpa mengabaikan keberadaan sumber daya hayati laut di kawasan Gili Meno, Lombok Utara.Abstract Echinoderms are one group of invertebrates that play an essential role, both ecologically and economically. Knowledge about this organism is needed concerning its presence in nature, which increasingly eroded by the development and activities of people who are not environmental friendly. This study aims to determine the structure of the Echinoderms community in the intertidal area of Gili Meno, North Lombok, were conducted on April 2018 at six observation stations. Data were collected by belt transect method with repetition of 2–4 times at each station, with 100 m2 transect area.  The observations showed that found 13 species included in 4 classes of Echinoderms, namely Asteroidea (1 species), Echinoidea (4 species), Holothuroidea (4 species) and Ophiuroidea (4 species). The ecological index of the Echinoderms community showed that the diversity index ranged from 0.16–1.36 (low-medium). The dominance index at each station ranged from 0.32 to 0.94 (low-medium), while the evenness index was 0.25 (low). The stability of the Echinoderms community in Gili Meno intertidal area relatively low. The results expected to be a reference in the development of environmentally friendly tourism areas without ignoring the existence of living aquatic resources in the Gili Meno, North Lombok.

scholarly journals Diversity of Mushroom Coral (Fungidae) in Siladen Waters, North Minahasa

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Hermanto
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Reef Slope ◽  
High Abundance ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Mushroom Coral ◽  
Belt Transect

Mushroom coral are well known in the waters of southeast asia because in this region has encountered in high abundance in shallow water and reef slope. Research on the diversity of mushroom coral (Fungiidae) conducted in July in the sea of Siladen island with four observation stations, they are Siladen I, Siladen II, Siladen III and Siladen IV. The research aims to determine mushroom coral species and diversity in the sea of Siladen Island, North Minahasa. This research use belt transect method and be extends parallel of the shoreline with 50x3m length of transects. The results showed that 13 species from seven genera were recorded. They are Fungia, Heliofungia, Ctenactis, Herpolitha, Polyphyllia, Sandalolitha and Podabacia. The number of coral species are found in the sea of Siladen island reached 32% of all coral species in the tropical Indo-Pacific region. Diversity Index of mushroom coral in the Siladen waters ranged from 0.837–0.97. Mushroom coral density each station ranged from 0,11-0,22 ind/m2.Keywords : Diversity, mushroom coral, Siladen Island, North Minahasa

The Effect of Bilingualism Level on Creative Performance during Preadolescent Period

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agurne Sampedro ◽  
Javier Peña
Keyword(s):  
Basque Country ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
School Grade ◽  
Verbal Creativity ◽  
High Level Group ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
Linguistic Proficiency ◽  
Level Group

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine differences in the performance of creativity tasks regarding different levels of bilingualism and school grade. The sample consisted of 224 preadolescent children from fifth and sixth grades resident in the Basque Country (Spain). Evaluation included verbal and figural creativity tasks, and a linguistic proficiency questionnaire. The sample was divided into three groups depending on the bilingualism level (low, medium, and high). Results showed on the one hand, a better performance in figural creativity in the high-level group compared to medium and low-level groups, F(2, 218) = 7.22, p = .001, Ƞ2p = .062. On the other hand, the high-level group performed better in verbal creativity compared to the medium level group, F(2, 218) = 4.22, p = .016, Ƞ2p = .037. Differences in creativity between the three levels of bilingualism were different depending on the school grade. Moreover, children from fifth grade had better results in figural creativity tasks, F(1, 218) = 6.75, p = .010, Ƞ2p = .030. These results suggest that level of bilingualism is related to performance in creativity, and concretely, that a high level of bilingualism is associated with a greater creativity, while a medium level of bilingualism is related to a worse creativity performance. These are relevant results for the educational field that point out the importance of acquiring good competence in both languages.

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS BURUNG DI TAMAN HUTAN RAYA SULTAN SYARIF HASYIM PROVINSI RIAU

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Rohmad Badriansyah ◽  
Hadinoto Hadinoto ◽  
Muhammad Ikhwan
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Forest Succession ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
High Level ◽  
Richness Index

Birds are an animal that has an important role in the process of forest succession, plays a role in spreading seeds, helping pollination, and balancing ecosystems. Deforestation of forest areas in Riau has a high rate, this can be seen from the change in the function of forests into agricultural and plantation land. The Sultan Syarif Hasyim Forest Park (TAHURA) is a conservation area that has quite alarming conditions, of the forest area of ​​6,172 hectares, there are only  2,000 hectares left forested, while the rest have acacia forest cover, shrubs, oil palm plantations, rubber plantations . The assessment of bird diversity needs to be carried out in the Sultan Syarif Hasyim Tahura given the high level of habitat destruction. Birds in TAHURA Sultan Syarif Hasyim have 71 species of birds from 34 families and 13 orders, there are 5 nocturnal birds. The diversity index (H) ranges from 3.19 - 3.92, the evenness index type (E) ranges from 0.88 - 0.92 and the species richness index (R) ranges from 2.14 - 4.28.

scholarly journals Psychological Stress Among A Sample of Orphans in Aqaba Governorate and its Relationship With Psychological Hardiness and Life Quality Among Them: الضغط النفسي لدى عينة من الأيتام في محافظة العقبة وعلاقته بالصلابة النفسية وجودة الحياة لديهم

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (37) ◽  
pp. 126-99
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Haroun Alnaimat, Ahmad Abdel-Haleem Arabiat Mahmoud Haroun Alnaimat, Ahmad Abdel-Haleem Arabiat
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Psychological Hardiness ◽  
Consistency Results ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level

The study aimed to identify the psychological stress level among orphans in Aqaba governorate and its relationship with both psychological hardness and life quality. The sample of the study was consisted of ( 102 ) male and female Orphans students whom were selected using the simple random method of sample selecting. Three scales were developed: The Psychological Stress Scale, The Psychological Hardiness Scale and The Life Quality Scale, these scales were checked for reliability and consistency, results indicated that the psychological stress level among orphan students in Aqaba governorate was medium as the emotional dimension came first with a high level while the physiological dimension came second with a medium level. Results also indicated a significant statistical negative relationship at α≥ 0.05 between psychological stress and its dimensions from the one hand, and each of psychological hardiness with its dimensions and life quality with its dimensions in the other. In addition, results indicated no differences between the two genders in the psychological stress level as whole and it was cognitive and emotional dimensions, but indicated differences between male and female participants in the physiological dimension for psychological stress.  Finally, the study included a number of recommendations including: further studies dealing with the relationship of psychological stress and other variables, the orphans of self-esteem and psychological adjustment.

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN TUMBUHAN PENYUSUN VEGETASI HUTAN LINDUNG BENGKUNAT DI RESOR III KPH UNIT I PESISIR BARAT

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
Sesilia Maharani Putri ◽  
Indriyanto
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Forest Diversity ◽  
Protection Forest ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
High Level ◽  
Richness Index

Plant diversity in Protection Forest is an important factor that considered to support the sustainability function to protected the area. Plant diversity is a form of the species association that could be the indicator forest vegetation stabillities. This research aims to analyze the plant diversity in Bengkunat Protection Forest.  This research was conducted between March-April 2019 at the 4,470 ha area with the sampling intensity 0.02%.  Data were collected using grid line method that consisted of 34 sample plots. Data were analyz using Shannon Index (H), Richness Index (R) and Evenness Index (E). This study found 92 species at the research area.  Dipterocarpus haseltii was the most dominant species based on Important Value Index (IVI) of 34.1%. While the average for other types of IVI is only 2.9%.  The other dominated species were Polyalthia lateriflora, Dacryodes rostata and Dillenia excelsa.  The forest species diversity index (H) was classified as moderate at 1.7, the Richness index (R) was classified as a high level of 30.4 and the evenness index (E) was classified as a high level of 0.9. Based on this research, Bengkunat Protection Forest diversity has a moderated value with the high diversity potential richness and evenness.

scholarly journals COMMUNITY STRUCTURE ECHINODERMS (ASTEROIDEA, OPHIUROIDEA, ECHINOIDEA AND HOLOTHUROIDEA) IN THE MARINE NATIONAL PARK EAST SULAWESI WAKATOBI

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eddy Yusron
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Dead Coral ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Different Types ◽  
High Level ◽  
Richness Index

<p><em>A study on Echinoderms community structure in marine national parks of Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi was conducted in six locations, i.e., Waha Beach, Coastal Sombo, Beach Houses, Beach Kapota, Banakawa beach, and Umala beach in October 2013. All of the six parks were located the Wakatobi territorial waters with coordinates of 5°06'25" S and 12</em><em>3</em><em>°124'10 E. The results showed of 18 species of echinoderms representing six different types of Asteroidea, two types of Ophiuroidea, six types of Echinoidea, and four types of Holothuroidea. Group of starfish or Asteroidea was the most prominent on seagrass area. Based on the six transects sites, it turned out that the group of starfish (Asteridea) occupied a relatively high level of species richness. From the quantitative analysis values, we obtained diversity index (H) of 1.105 in Sombu, the highest evenness index (J) of 0.989 was found in Umala, and the highest species richness index values (D) of 0.132 was obtained in kapota. It seemed that all echinoderm groups were generally like seagrass microhabitat (12 types). While, sand and dead coral habitats were only occupied by 8 (eight) echinoderm groups. </em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: echinoderms, diversity, Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi</em><em></em></p>

Assemblage Patterns of Hymenoptera at Different Elevations of Gunung Datuk, Rembau

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Nasuha Abd Aziz ◽  
Siti Khairiyah Mohd Hatta ◽  
Idris Abd Ghani ◽  
Saiyid Jalaluddin Saiyid Shaifuddin
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Index Site ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Richness Index ◽  
Paired T Test ◽  
Malaise Traps

A study on abundance and diversity of Hymenoptera was conducted in Gunung Datuk, Rembau. Samplings were conducted from November 2014 to February 2015 using six Malaise traps. Three traps were placed at Site 1 at 700m height for high elevation and the remaining traps were placed at Site 2 at 200m height for low elevation. A total number of 221 Hymenopteran were collected which consist of nine families namely Ichneumonidae, Formicidae, Braconidae, Bethylidae, Evaniidae, Tiphiidae, Vespidae, Pompilidae and Apidae. In this study, 93 individuals were obtained from Site 1, comprising nine families and 43 morphospecies while 127 individuals were obtained from Site 2 with nine families and 45 morphospecies. Formicidae was the most dominant family collected from both sites with a total of 104 individuals while the least family recorded was Apidae with only one individual. Shannon’s Weiner Diversity Index (H’) showed Site 1 had the higher diversity value with H’ = 3.17 compared to Site 2 with value H’ = 3.12. For Evenness Index, Site 1 had higher value compared to Site 2 with E’ = 0.84 and E’ = 0.82 respectively. Moreover, for Margalef Richness Index, Site 1 recorded R’ = 9.24 while site two recorded R’ = 9.08 which concluded that Site 1 had higher species richness compared to Site 2. Paired t-test showed that both sites had no significant difference with p>0.05. Overall study showed that the diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera in Gunung Datuk were low since the value of H’ is less than 3.50.

Relations between carbon removal rates, biofilm size and density of a novel anaerobic reactor: the inverse turbulent bed

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 253-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Buffière ◽  
R. Moletta
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Carbon Removal ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Biomass Activity ◽  
High Turbulence ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

An anaerobic inverse turbulent bed, in which the biogas only ensures fluidisation of floating carrier particles, was investigated for carbon removal kinetics and for biofilm growth and detachment. The range of operation of the reactor was kept within 5 and 30 kgCOD· m−3· d−1, with Hydraulic Retention Times between 0.28 and 1 day. The carbon removal efficiency remained between 70 and 85%. Biofilm size were rather low (between 5 and 30 μm) while biofilm density reached very high values (over 80 kgVS· m−3). The biofilm size and density varied with increasing carbon removal rates with opposite trends; as biofilm size increases, its density decreases. On the one hand, biomass activity within the reactor was kept at a high level, (between 0.23 and 0.75 kgTOC· kgVS· d−1, i.e. between 0.6 and 1.85 kgCOD·kgVS · d−1).This result indicates that high turbulence and shear may favour growth of thin, dense and active biofilms. It is thus an interesting tool for biomass control. On the other hand, volatile solid detachment increases quasi linearly with carbon removal rate and the total amount of solid in the reactor levels off at high OLR. This means that detachment could be a limit of the process at higher organic loading rates.

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