scholarly journals Time Defendability of Ground Resistance Properties and Its Application of Vitric Tuff on the Development of Ground Enhancement Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Jakah Jakah ◽  
Dicky Muslim ◽  
Anggoro Tri Mursito ◽  
Zufialdi Zakaria ◽  
Heri Nurohman
Keyword(s):  
Ground Resistance

scholarly journals CDM Protection Test Structure for I/O Cells in a Submicronic Technology

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
Mihaela-Daniela Dobre ◽  
Philippe Coll ◽  
Gheorghe Brezeanu
Keyword(s):  
Electrostatic Discharge ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Test Chip ◽  
Technology Node ◽  
Ground Resistance ◽  
Maximum Resistance ◽  
Device Model ◽  
Protection Method ◽  
Esd Protection ◽  
Protection Devices

This paper proposes an investigation of a CDM (charge device model) electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection method used in submicronic input–output (I/O) structures. The modeling of the commonly used ESD protection devices as well as the modeling of the breakdown caused by ESD is not accurate using traditional commercial tools, hence the need for test-chip implementation, whenever a new technology node is used in production. The proposed method involves defining, implementing, testing, and concluding on one test-chip structure named generically “CDM ground resistance”. The structure assesses the maximum ground resistance allowed for the considered technology for which CDM protection is assured. The findings are important because they will be actively used as CDM protection for all I/O structures developed in the considered submicronic technology node. The paper will conclude on the constraints in terms of maximum resistance of ground metal track allowed to be CDM protected.

Rail-to-Earth Resistance Assessment for a Medium Capacity Transit System With Continuous Negative Rails by Potential Measurement

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bih-Yuan Ku ◽  
Ching Liang Wu ◽  
Chun-Fu Lin
Keyword(s):  
Unit Length ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Voltage Sag ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Potential Measurement ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Ground Resistance ◽  
Traction Current ◽  
Resistance Assessment

This paper presents the development of a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the resistance to ground for the electrically continuous negative rails of a medium capacity transit line of the Taipei Rapid Transit System. Using synchronous potential measurements at three stations we examine potential profiles to locate potential rail sections with low resistance to ground qualitatively. Also the voltage sag values are used to quantitatively calculate rail-to-ground resistance per unit length. The approach presented in this paper requires only voltage measurements with the traction current as the energization source. Thus, this approach can be performed as a routine maintenance procedure to obtain rail-to-ground resistance values from a system-wide point of view.

scholarly journals Ground Resistance of Buried Metallic Parts in Urban Areas: An Extensive Measurement Campaign

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 5209-5216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Cafaro ◽  
Pietro Colella ◽  
Pasquale Montegiglio ◽  
Enrico Pons ◽  
Riccardo Tommasini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Measurement Campaign ◽  
Ground Resistance ◽  
Extensive Measurement ◽  
Metallic Parts

scholarly journals Quality assessment of emergency corrective maintenance of critical care ventilators within the context of COVID-19 in Sao Paulo, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Alembert Eistein Lino Alvarado ◽  
Diego Antonio de Oliveira Rosa ◽  
Sara Gomes Mello ◽  
Marcelo Sanches Dias ◽  
Mario Fernando Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Clinical Engineering ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Electrical Safety ◽  
Mechanical Ventilators ◽  
Industrial Training ◽  
Corrective Maintenance ◽  
Ground Resistance ◽  
Primary Standards

This technical report presents the quality assessment process for the emergency corrective maintenance of critical care ventilators in a node, IPT-POLI, of a voluntary network that is part of the initiative +Maintenance of Ventilators, led by the National Service of Industrial Training (SENAI) and its Integrated Manufacturing and Technology Center (CIMATEC) to perform maintenance on unused mechanical ventilators in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. A procedure was established for the quality assessment of equipment subjected to corrective emergency maintenance, covering the essential aspects of the three primary standards (ABNT NBR IEC 60601-1: 2010+A1:2016, ABNT NBR ISO IEC 62353: 2019, and ABNT NBR ISO 80601-2-12:2014) for performance and safety assessment. A set of nine critical care ventilators was evaluated considering the following parameters: leakage current, protective ground resistance, control accuracy, delivered oxygen test, and alarms. The evaluated ventilators underwent corrective emergency maintenance before performance and safety assessments. In the electrical safety tests, all equipment presented values prescribed for the standard. However, the assessment of ventilator parameters revealed that their performance was below the standard. Finally, quality assessment reports were sent to the clinical engineering departments at hospitals. Thus, it can be concluded that criteria selection for the quality assessment in critical care ventilators is crucial and of great significance for future pandemic scenarios, such as the situation experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Soil Resistivity Evaluation and Grounding System Resistance

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-37
Keyword(s):  
Resistivity Measurement ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Measurement Procedure ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Soil Resistivity ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Grounding Resistance ◽  
Ground Resistance ◽  
Transmission Towers ◽  
Electrode Method

This chapter contains the factors affecting the soil resistivity and grounding resistance such as the soil moisture content, soil mineral content and soil temperature. It discusses the methods of measuring of soil resistivity and grounding resistance using Wenner method. Method to obtain the required samples for obtaining accurate site resistivity is presented. Soil resistivity measurement procedure is given in this chapter. The chapter contains three electrode method or fall-of-Potential method, dead earth method, and ground resistance testing existing systems using ‘Selective' Clamp-on-Measuring of high voltage transmission towers feet resistance. Methods of calculating the apparent soil resistivity of Multi-Layers, apparent soil resistivity of two layers and apparent soil resistivity of three layers are presented in this chapter.

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