CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF VISUAL FIELD DEFECTS IN PITUITARY GLAND TUMORS

AbstractTo investigate nasal displacement of central retinal vessel (CRV) on the optic nerve head (ONH) in glaucoma in association with its passage through lamina cribrosa (LC). This cross-sectional study included 113 eyes with glaucoma and 60 normal eyes. Horizontal spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scans of the ONH were acquired, and point where CRV emerged on the ONH surface was defined as the position of the CRV. Next, radial scans of the ONH were acquired, and angle of the CRV passing through the LC was measured. These parameters were compared between glaucomatous and normal eyes by t-test, and their relationship with possible confounders was assessed by multiple regression analyses. In glaucoma, CRV was significantly more nasally displaced than it was in normal eyes (66.0 ± 8.6 vs. 54.3 ± 9.5, P < 0.0001), and eyes with more vessel displacement exhibited significantly worse glaucomatous visual field defects (P = 0.0004). Greater nasal displacement of the CRV was significantly associated with a more nasally angled path through the LC (rs = 0.569, P < 0.0001). By using SD-OCT, we confirmed that nasal displacement of the CRV on the ONH was associated with glaucoma and was induced by its nasally angled path through the LC.

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Visual field defects and myopic macular degeneration in Singapore adults with high myopia

British Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-318674 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. bjophthalmol-2020-318674

Author(s):

Carla Lanca ◽

Chen Hsin Sun ◽

Rachel Chong ◽

Yee Ling Wong ◽

Monisha Esther Nongpiur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Macular Degeneration ◽

High Myopia ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Visual Field Defects ◽

Mean Deviation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sensitivity Loss ◽

Fundus Photographs ◽

Generalised Estimating Equations

AimsTo characterise the association between visual field (VF) defects and myopic macular degeneration (MMD) in highly myopic adults without glaucoma.MethodsParticipants (n=106; 181 eyes) with high myopia (HM; spherical equivalent ≤−5.0 D or axial length (AL) ≥26 mm), after excluding glaucoma and glaucoma suspects, from the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases-HM study were included in this cross-sectional study. Humphrey VF (central 24–2 threshold), cup-disc ratio (CDR) and intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements were performed. Mean deviation (MD) and pattern SD (PSD), VF defects (normal or abnormal; p<0.05 in ≥3 non-edge contiguous locations) and pattern (eg, generalised sensitivity loss) were analysed. MMD presence was diagnosed from fundus photographs. Generalised estimating equations were used for analysing factors (MD, PSD, VF defects, CDR and IOP) associated with MMD.ResultsMean age was 55.4±9.9 years and 51.9% were women (AL=26.7±1.1 mm). MMD eyes had lower MD (−3.8±2.9 dB vs −1.1±1.4 dB) and higher PSD (2.8±1.7 dB vs 1.7±0.6 dB). A higher percentage of MMD eyes (n=48) had abnormal VF (62.5% vs 28.6%; p<0.001) compared with no MMD (n=133 eyes). VF pattern in MMD eyes was significantly different from eyes without MMD (p=0.001) with greater generalised sensitivity loss (53.3% vs 10.5%) and arcuate defects (16.7% vs 10.5%). In multivariate analyses, MD (OR=1.52) and PSD (OR=1.67) were significantly (p=0.003) associated with MMD, but VF defects were not associated with MMD.ConclusionHighly myopic adults with MMD may have VF loss when compared with highly myopic patients without MMD even in adults without glaucoma.

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Clinical Characteristics of Pigment Dispersion Syndrome and Pigmentary Glaucoma Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2020/46939.14383 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Vijay Pratap Singh Tomar ◽

Sandeep Sharma ◽

Rahul Bhardwaj ◽

Sindhuja Singh ◽

Virendra Kumar Pal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Optic Disc ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Pigment Dispersion ◽

Pigmentary Glaucoma ◽

Spherical Equivalent ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pigment Dispersion Syndrome

Introduction: Pigmentary Glaucoma (PG) and Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) are two different spectrums of a single disease. Since the disease is seen in younger population and is rapidly progressive blinding disease, therefore early diagnosis and treatment will reduce the burden of the disease and improve the quality of life. Aim: To evaluate clinical characteristics of PDS and PG patients in eastern part of Uttar Pradesh. Materials and Methods: This was a two years (1st January 2018 to 31st December 2019) hospital‑based retrospective cross‑sectional study of patients who attended the glaucoma clinic. Diagnosis of PDS was made when they had normal optic disc, normal visual field {with or without increased Intra Ocular Pressure (IOP)} and at least two of the following three signs were found clinically: Krukenberg spindle, homogenous moderate‑to‑heavy (≥Spaeth 2+) Trabecular Meshwork (TM) pigmentation, and any degree of zonular and/or lenticular pigment granule dusting. Patients with PDS were diagnosed with PG, if they had two or more of the following findings: initial IOP >21 mmHg, glaucomatous optic nerve damage or glaucomatous visual field loss. Various parameters such as influence of demographics, IOP, Best‑Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA), Central Corneal Thickness (CCT), Mean Deviation (MD), Visual Field Index (VFI %), spherical equivalent and clinical finding of anterior segment of study patients were analysed. Mean, standard deviation and percentage were calculated using GraphPad Instat version 3.0. Results: Among 40 patients, nine eyes of the six patients had myopia of ‑0.5D or greater, with mean refractive error of ‑3.55±4.72 spherical equivalent. The average baseline IOP in study patients (PDS+PG), was 30.21±11.42 mmHg. Twenty four (60%) patients, either in one or both eyes had glaucoma, secondary to PDS at the initial diagnosis. Thirty three (82.5%) patients had Krukenberg spindles. Homogeneous TM pigmentation was seen in all patients. Typical spoke‑like radial Iris Transillumination Defects (ITDs) were not observed in any of the patients except in one patient, who had isolated short slit‑like trans‑illumination defects in iris crypts. Conclusion: PDS patients with normal optic disc and visual field and raised IOP, should be started prophylactic treatment and needs to be monitored more closely. Thus, the finding of PDS in Indians should alert the ophthalmologist to look for glaucoma during the initial examination.

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The Effect of Patient Characteristics and Sleep Quality on Visual Field Performance Reliability

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2018/2731260 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Swarup S. Swaminathan ◽

Matthew B. Greenberg ◽

Elizabeth A. Vanner ◽

Kara M. Cavuoto ◽

Sarah R. Wellik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

False Negative ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Older Age ◽

Mean Deviation ◽

Strongly Correlated ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Right

Purpose. To investigate the association of automated visual field (VF) reliability indices (false positive [FP], false negative [FN], and fixation loss [FL]) and sleep quality, VF experience, and age. Methods. Prospective, cross-sectional study. Adult patients (age ≥ 18 years) completing automated VF testing were invited to participate. Baseline participant characteristics were obtained, and all participants were asked to complete the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Nonparametric Spearman correlations and logistical regression models were performed. Results. 63 patients were enrolled. Lower PSQI score was correlated with higher percentage (%) FL in the right eye (p=0.03). Fewer prior VF was significantly correlated with higher %FP in the right eye (p=0.008). Older age was significantly correlated with higher %FN in the left eye (p=0.01). Greater mean deviation (MD) and pattern standard deviation (PSD) were strongly correlated with higher %FN in the right (p=0.02 and 0.002, resp.) and left eyes (p=0.01 and 0.02, resp.). Conclusion. In this prospective, cross-sectional study, worse MD and PSD are strongly correlated with increased FN in both eyes. Increased FN in the left eye associated with older age might be attributable to test fatigue. Worse sleep quality is associated with decreased FL in the right eye.

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Are practical recommendations practiced? A national multi-centre cross-sectional study on frequency of visual field testing in glaucoma

British Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bjophthalmol-2012-302903 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 97 (7) ◽

pp. 843-847 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Simon S M Fung ◽

Claire Lemer ◽

Richard A Russell ◽

Rizwan Malik ◽

David P Crabb

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Field Testing ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Visual Field Testing ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Practical Recommendations

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Visual Field Changes in Normal Tension Glaucoma (NTG)

10.53350/pjmhs211592266 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 2266-2267

Author(s):

Ossama Ali Khan ◽

Sajjad Mohammad ◽

Imran Khan ◽

Muhammad Faiq Nisar ◽

Amir Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Visual Fields ◽

Normal Tension Glaucoma ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Paracentral Scotoma ◽

The Right

Aim: To observe the visual field changes in normal tension glaucoma Study design: Cross sectional study Study site: Department of Physiology, Khyber Medical College, Peshawar Study period: six months Sample size: 100 cases were included who fulfil the criteria. Results: There were 33(33%) males and 67(67%) females in the study. Visual fields of eyes were investigated. It was revealed that in cases with the right eye problem, 67(67%) had paracentral scotoma, 27(27%) had superior & inferior nasal steps, 1(1%) had scotoma closer to fixation and 5(5%) had arcuate scotoma, while in the left eye cases, 67(67%) had paracentral scotoma, 30 (30%) had superior & inferior nasal steps, 1(1%) had scotoma closer to fixation and 2(2%) had arcuate scotoma. Conclusion: Visual fields of eyes revealed that in cases with the right eye problem, 67(67%) had paracentral scotoma, 27(27%) had superior & inferior nasal steps, 1(1%) had scotoma closer to fixation and 5(5%) had arcuate scotoma, while in the left eye cases, 67(67%) had paracentral scotoma, 30(30%) had superior & inferior nasal steps, 1 (1%) had scotoma closer to fixation and 2(2%) had arcuate scotoma. Keywords: Visual field, open angle glaucoma, normal tension glaucoma

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Prevalence of Glaucoma among High Myopia

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcaa058.033 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

O M Abdelfatah ◽

O A Salem ◽

A I Elawamry ◽

Y A Elzanklony

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Visual Field ◽

High Myopia ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Automated Perimetry ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Spherical Equivalent ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rnfl Thickness

Abstract Background Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy that is characterized by the selective loss of retinal ganglion cells and their axons, which manifests as the loss of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). Numerous studies have shown that the extent of RNFL damage correlates with the severity of functional deficit in the visual field (VF), and that RNFL measurement by optical coherence tomography (OCT) has good sensitivity for the detection of glaucoma. Purpose To assess the prevalence of glaucoma among high myopic patients and the association between them using standard automated perimetry (SAP) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Patients and Methods A prospective observational randomized cross sectional study included a total of 80 eyes with high myopia, in the period from November 2017 to April 2018. This cross sectional study included 44 subjects with 80 eyes regarding high myopia using the outpatient services of the Qlawoon Hospital, Cairo, who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria between November 2017 and April 2018 aiming to determine the prevalence of glaucoma in high myopic patients. Results In our study, we depended on the following highly significant parameters in detection of prevalence of glaucoma among high myopic patients: Spherical equivalent median is -12, Vertical cup/disc ratio mean is 0.55, MD median of visual field is – 5.38, PSD mean of visual field is 3.53, GHT is 64.7% outside normal limits, 17.6% border line and 17.6% general reduction of sensitivity and RNFL thickness mean is; for average thickness is 86.37, for superior thickness is 90.06 and for inferior thickness is 82.68 a highly significant P-value. Conclusion Prevalence of glaucoma among our study group is 42.5% depending on Spherical equivalent median, Vertical cup/disc ratio mean, MD median of visual field, PSD mean of visual field, GHT and RNFL thickness.

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