scholarly journals SPECTRUM OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING ABNORMALITIES OF HYPOXIC ISCHEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY IN PRETERM AND FULL-TERM PATIENTS AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN INDIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (51) ◽  
pp. 5460-5465
Author(s):  
Daisy Gupta ◽  
Deepak Rana
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

scholarly journals Ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain in Hypoxic Full-Term Newborns

Medicina ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aušrelė Kudrevičienė ◽  
Saulius Lukoševičius ◽  
Jūratė Laurynaitienė ◽  
Vitalija Marmienė ◽  
Rasa Tamelienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cranial Sonography ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

The aim of this article was to review the studies on diagnostic and prognostic value of radiological investigations (cranial sonography, Doppler ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging) in the detection of hypoxic-ischemic brain injuries in full-term newborns. Materials and Methods. A systematic search of studies on the diagnostic and prognostic possibilities of radiological investigations for the detection of hypoxic-ischemic injuries in full-term newborns was performed. Results. A total of 13 prospective and 4 retrospective studies that analyzed the incidence of hypoxic-ischemic cerebral injuries, determined by means of cranial sonography, Doppler sonography, and magnetic resonance imaging, and associations with the stages of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes were included in this systematic review. Conclusions. Magnetic resonance imaging detects lesions in 75%–100% of cases. Magnetic resonance imaging performed at the age of 7–11 days demonstrated a high sensitivity (100%) and negative predictive value (100%) to predict unfavorable outcomes at 4 years of age. In newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, substantial cerebral hemodynamic alterations are detected after birth. The sensitivity and negative predictive value of cerebral blood flow velocities (peak systolic flow velocity, end-diastolic flow velocity) changes at 12±2 hours of age to predict the severity of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and unfavorable outcomes at 18 months of age were found to be high (90% and 94%, respectively). A low resistive index (<0.56) at the age of 1–3 days had a specificity of 95% to predict unfavorable outcomes at 3 years of age. The data on the diagnostic and prognostic potential of cranial sonography are limited scarce and contrary.

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation of Perinatal Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy: An Institutional Experience

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravikanth Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Abstract Background Hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is the most commonly diagnosed neurological abnormality affecting children leading to severe neurological deficits and a cause of neonatal mortality. HIE constitutes a diagnostic challenge in the prematurely born and full-term neonates. HIE causes severe neurological deficit in children and many a times goes unnoticed in early stages. The various patterns of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in HIE are dependent on factors, such as severity and duration of hypoxia, and brain maturity in preterm and full-term patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has prognostic significance in detecting patterns of HIE secondary to mild-to-moderate and severe hypoxias and the imaging findings are highly dependent on the time at which imaging is done. MRI helps determine the prognosis of brain development in patients with HIE. Objective This retrospective study elucidates the spectrum of MRI findings in preterm and full-term patients with HIE on MRI. Materials and Methods This retrospective descriptive study was conducted at a tertiary care center between April 2017 and May 2019 on 50 patients with a clinical diagnosis of HIE using a General Electric (GE) 1.5-Tesla MRI scanner. Various patterns of HIE were evaluated on MRI in preterm and full-term patients. Results This retrospective study evaluated MRI findings in 50 infants diagnosed with HIE. Eighteen (36%) were preterm and 32 (64%) were full-term patients. Thirty-five (70%) were male and 15 (30%) were female patients. In the current study, developmental delay was the most commonly associated clinical entity in both preterm and full-term patients. In preterm patients, periventricular leukomalacia was the most prevalent MRI finding, and in full-term patients, subcortical and periventricular white matter hyperintensities on T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences were most commonly encountered. Conclusion MRI is the primary imaging modality of choice in preterm and full-term patients with HIE, as it helps determine the severity of hypoxic–ischemic injury by understanding the pattern of brain involvement. In the current study, distinguishable patterns of MRI findings secondary to birth asphyxia and ischemic insult were elucidated in both preterm and full-term patients who are highly dependent on the level of brain maturity at the time of imaging. Regular MRI follow-up has a prognostic significance in HIE with accurate prediction of neurodevelopmental outcome on follow-up studies.

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of white matter signal abnormalities

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Datar ◽  
Asuri Narayan Prasad ◽  
Keng Yeow Tay ◽  
Charles Anthony Rupar ◽  
Pavlo Ohorodnyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diagnostic Utility ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Mri Scans

Background White matter abnormalities (WMAs) pose a diagnostic challenge when trying to establish etiologic diagnoses. During childhood and adult years, genetic disorders, metabolic disorders and acquired conditions are included in differential diagnoses. To assist clinicians and radiologists, a structured algorithm using cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been recommended to aid in establishing working diagnoses that facilitate appropriate biochemical and genetic investigations. This retrospective pilot study investigated the validity and diagnostic utility of this algorithm when applied to white matter signal abnormalities (WMSAs) reported on imaging studies of patients seen in our clinics. Methods The MRI algorithm was applied to 31 patients selected from patients attending the neurometabolic/neurogenetic/metabolic/neurology clinics at a tertiary care hospital. These patients varied in age from 5 months to 79 years old, and were reported to have WMSAs on cranial MRI scans. Twenty-one patients had confirmed WMA diagnoses and 10 patients had non-specific WMA diagnoses (etiology unknown). Two radiologists, blinded to confirmed diagnoses, used clinical abstracts and the WMSAs present on patient MRI scans to classify possible WMA diagnoses utilizing the algorithm. Results The MRI algorithm displayed a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 30.0% and a positive predicted value of 74.1%. Cohen’s kappa statistic for inter-radiologist agreement was 0.733, suggesting “good” agreement between radiologists. Conclusions Although a high diagnostic utility was not observed, results suggest that this MRI algorithm has promise as a clinical tool for clinicians and radiologists. We discuss the benefits and limitations of this approach.

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