scholarly journals Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment is Characterized by the Inability to Recover from Proactive Semantic Interference across Multiple Learning Trials

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
D.A. Loewenstein ◽  
R.E. Curiel Cid ◽  
M. Kitaigorodsky ◽  
E.A. Crocco ◽  
D.D. Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Semantic Interference ◽  
Cognitive Stress ◽  
Learning Trials ◽  
Receiver Operating

Background: Difficulties in inhibition and self-monitoring are early features of incipient Alzheimer’s disease and may manifest as susceptibility to proactive semantic interference. However, due to limitations of traditional memory assessment paradigms, recovery from interference effects following repeated learning opportunities has not been explored. Objective: This study employed a novel computerized list learning test consisting of repeated learning trials to assess recovery from proactive and retroactive semantic interference. Design: The design was cross-sectional. Setting: Participants were recruited from the community as part of a longitudinal study on normal and abnormal aging. Participants: The sample consisted of 46 cognitively normal individuals and 30 participants with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Measurements: Participants were administered the Cognitive Stress Test and traditional neuropsychological measures. Step-wise logistic regression was applied to determine which Cognitive Stress Test measures best discriminated between diagnostic groups. This was followed by receiver operating characteristic analyses. Results: Cued A3 recall, Cued B3 recall and Cued B2 intrusions were all independent predictors of diagnostic status. The overall predictive utility of the model yielded 75.9% sensitivity, 91.1% specificity, and an overall correct classification rate of 85.1%. When these variables were jointly entered into receiver operating characteristic analyses, the area under the curve was .923 (p<.001). Conclusions: This novel paradigm’s use of repeated learning trials offers a unique opportunity to assess recovery from proactive and retroactive semantic interference. Participants with mild cognitive impairment exhibited a continued failure to recover from proactive interference that could not be explained by mere learning deficits.

Intrusion Errors and Progression of Cognitive Deficits in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment and PreMCI States

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Crocco ◽  
Rosie Curiel Cid ◽  
Marcela Kitaigorodsky ◽  
Gabriella A. Grau ◽  
Jessica M. Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Semantic Interference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cognitive Stress ◽  
Intrusion Errors

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Among persons with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), intrusion errors on subscales that measure proactive semantic interference (PSI) may be among the earliest behavioral markers of elevated Alzheimer’s disease brain pathology. While there has been considerable cross-sectional work in the area, it is presently unknown whether semantic intrusion errors are predictive of progression of cognitive impairment in aMCI or PreMCI (not cognitively normal but not meeting full criteria for MCI). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This study examined the extent to which the percentage of semantic intrusion errors (PIE) based on total responses on a novel cognitive stress test, the Loewenstein-Acevedo Scales for Semantic Interference and Learning (LASSI-L), could predict clinical/cognitive outcomes over an average 26-month period in older adults initially diagnosed with aMCI, PreMCI, and normal cognition. <b><i>Results:</i></b> On the LASSI-L subscale sensitive to PSI, a PIE cut point of 44% intrusion errors distinguished between those at-risk individuals with PreMCI who progressed to MCI over time compared to individuals with PreMCI who reverted to normal on longitudinal follow-up. Importantly, PIE was able to accurately predict 83.3% of aMCI individuals who later progressed to dementia. <b><i>Discussion:</i></b> These preliminary findings indicate that PIE on LASSI-L subscales that measure PSI may be a useful predictor of clinical progression overtime in at-risk older adults.

scholarly journals Does a cognitive stress test predict progression from mild cognitive impairment to dementia equally well in clinical versus population-based settings?

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1435-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne C. Beer ◽  
Beth E. Snitz ◽  
Chung-Chou H. Chang ◽  
David A. Loewenstein ◽  
Mary Ganguli
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Semantic Interference ◽  
Cognitive Stress ◽  
Two Samples

ABSTRACTBackground:Evidence suggests that semantic interference may be a sensitive indicator of early dementia. We examined the utility of the Semantic Interference Test (SIT), a cognitive stress memory paradigm which taps proactive and retroactive semantic interference, for predicting progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia in both a clinical and a population-based sample.Methods: Participants with MCI in the clinical (n = 184) and population-based (n = 435) samples were followed for up to four years. We employed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) methods to establish optimal thresholds for four different SIT indices. Threshold performance was compared in the two samples using logistic and Cox proportional hazard regression models.Results: Within four years, 42 (22.8%) MCI individuals in the clinical sample and 45 (10.3%) individuals in the population-based sample progressed to dementia. Overall classification accuracy of SIT thresholds ranged from 61.4% to 84.8%. Different subtests of the SIT had slightly different performance characteristics in the two samples. However, regression models showed that thresholds established in the clinical sample performed similarly in the population sample before and after adjusting for demographics and other baseline neuropsychological test scores.Conclusions: Despite differences in demographic composition and progression rates, baseline SIT scores predicted progression from MCI to dementia similarly in both samples. Thresholds that best predicted progression were slightly below thresholds established for distinguishing between amnestic MCI and cognitively normal subjects in clinical practice. This confirms the utility of the SIT in both clinical and population-based samples and establishes thresholds most predictive of progression of individuals with MCI.

scholarly journals Identifying Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment Using the FACT-Cog Perceived Cognitive Impairment

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Van Dyk ◽  
Catherine M Crespi ◽  
Laura Petersen ◽  
Patricia A Ganz
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Operating Characteristic Curve ◽  
Receiver Operating

Abstract Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a concerning problem for many cancer survivors. Evaluating patients for CRCI has been a challenge, in part because of a lack of standardized practices. Self-report instruments are often used to assess CRCI, but there are no validated cutpoints. We present the results of receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identifying cutpoints of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—Cognition perceived cognitive impairment (PCI) in female breast cancer survivors for identifying CRCI cases. We defined presence of CRCI based on elevated complaints on the Patient’s Assessment of Own Functioning Inventory compared with healthy control scores. Our results indicate that scores less than 54 in PCI scores using 18 items and scores less than 60 in PCI scores using 20 items exhibited good ability to discriminate CRCI cases from noncases (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.84 [95% CI = 0.73 to 0.94]). These preliminary results represent an important contribution toward standardizing practices across CRCI studies.

scholarly journals Is kallikrein-8 a blood biomarker for detecting amnestic mild cognitive impairment? Results of the population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Schramm ◽  
Martha Jokisch ◽  
Karl-Heinz Jöckel ◽  
Arne Herring ◽  
Kathy Keyvani
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Blood Biomarker ◽  
Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study ◽  
Potential Clinical Utility

Abstract Background Kallikrein-8 (KLK8) might be an early blood-biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We examined whether blood KLK8 is elevated in persons with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) which is a precursor of AD, compared to cognitively unimpaired (CU) controls. Methods Forty cases and 80 controls, matched by sex and age (± 3years), were participants of the longitudinal population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall study (baseline: 2000–2003). Standardized cognitive performance was assessed 5 (T1) and 10 years after baseline (T2). Cases were CU at T1 and had incidental aMCI at T2. Controls were CU at T1 and T2. Blood KLK8 was measured at T2. Using multiple logistic regression the association between KLK8 in cases vs. controls was investigated by estimating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI), adjusted for inter-assay variability and freezing duration. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the diagnostic accuracy of KLK8 was determined by estimating the area under the curve (AUC) and 95%CI (adjusted for inter-assay variability, freezing duration, age, sex). Results Thirty-seven participants with aMCI vs. 72 CU (36.7%women, 71.0±8.0 (mean±SD) years) had valid KLK8 measurements. Mean KLK8 was higher in cases than in controls (911.6±619.8 pg/ml vs.783.1±633.0 pg/ml). Fully adjusted, a KLK8 increase of 500pg/ml was associated with a 2.68 (1.05–6.84) higher chance of having aMCI compared to being CU. With an AUC of 0.92 (0.86–0.97), blood KLK8 was a strong discriminator for aMCI and CU. Conclusion This is the first population-based study to demonstrate the potential clinical utility of blood KLK8 as a biomarker for incipient AD.

A Novel Computerized Cognitive Stress Test to Detect Mild Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
R.E. Curiel Cid ◽  
E.A. Crocco ◽  
M. Kitaigorodsky ◽  
L. Beaufils ◽  
P.A. Peña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Scoring Accuracy

BACKGROUND: The Loewenstein Acevedo Scales of Semantic Interference and Learning (LASSI-L) is a novel and increasingly employed instrument that has outperformed widely used cognitive measures as an early correlate of elevated brain amyloid and neurodegeneration in prodromal Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). The LASSI-L has distinguished those with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and high amyloid load from aMCI attributable to other non-AD conditions. The authors designed and implemented a web-based brief computerized version of the instrument, the LASSI-BC, to improve standardized administration, facilitate scoring accuracy, real-time data entry, and increase the accessibility of the measure. Objective: The psychometric properties and clinical utility of the brief computerized version of the LASSI-L was evaluated, together with its ability to differentiate older adults who are cognitively normal (CN) from those with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI). Methods: After undergoing a comprehensive uniform clinical and neuropsychological evaluation using traditional measures, older adults were classified as cognitively normal or diagnosed with aMCI. All participants were administered the LASSI-BC, a computerized version of the LASSI-L. Test-retest and discriminant validity was assessed for each LASSI-BC subscale. Results: LASSI-BC subscales demonstrated high test-retest reliability, and discriminant validity was attained. Conclusions: The LASSI-BC, a brief computerized version of the LASSI-L is a valid and useful cognitive tool for the detection of aMCI among older adults.

Übereinstimmung von klinischer Diagnose, strukturierten Interviews und Selbstbeurteilungsfragebögen bei Depression im Kindes- und Jugendalter

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 405-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Dolle ◽  
Gerd Schulte-Körne ◽  
Nikolaus von Hofacker ◽  
Yonca Izat ◽  
Antje-Kathrin Allgaier
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Kinder Und Jugendliche ◽  
Prädiktive Werte ◽  
Receiver Operating

Fragestellung: Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Übereinstimmung von strukturierten Kind- und Elterninterviews sowie dem klinischen Urteil bei der Diagnostik depressiver Episoden im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Zudem prüft sie, ob sich die Treffsicherheit und die optimalen Cut-off-Werte von Selbstbeurteilungsfragebögen in Referenz zu diesen verschiedenen Beurteilerperspektiven unterscheiden. Methodik: Mit 81 Kindern (9–12 Jahre) und 88 Jugendlichen (13–16 Jahre), die sich in kinder- und jugendpsychiatrischen Kliniken oder Praxen vorstellten, und ihren Eltern wurden strukturierte Kinder-DIPS-Interviews durchgeführt. Die Kinder füllten das Depressions-Inventar für Kinder und Jugendliche (DIKJ) aus, die Jugendlichen die Allgemeine Depressions-Skala in der Kurzform (ADS-K). Übereinstimmungen wurden mittels Kappa-Koeffizienten ermittelt. Optimale Cut-off-Werte, Sensitivität, Spezifität sowie positive und negative prädiktive Werte wurden anhand von Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) Kurven bestimmt. Ergebnisse: Die Interviews stimmten untereinander sowie mit dem klinischen Urteil niedrig bis mäßig überein. Depressive Episoden wurden häufiger nach klinischem Urteil als in den Interviews festgestellt. Cut-off-Werte und Validitätsmaße der Selbstbeurteilungsfragebögen variierten je nach Referenzstandard mit den schlechtesten Ergebnissen für das klinische Urteil. Schlussfolgerungen: Klinische Beurteiler könnten durch den Einsatz von strukturierten Interviews profitieren. Strategien für den Umgang mit diskrepanten Kind- und Elternangaben sollten empirisch geprüft und detailliert beschrieben werden.

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