scholarly journals CP VIOLATIONS (AND MORE) AFTER THE FIRST TWO YEARS OF LHCB

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (A) ◽  
pp. 528-533
Author(s):  
Giulio Auriemma
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Higgs Sector ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Baryon Asymmetry ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
Cp Violations ◽  
The Standard Model

The most interesting cosmological open problems, baryon asymmetry, dark matter, inflation and dark energy, are not explained by the standard model of particle physics (SM). The final<br />goal of the Large Hadron Collider an experimental verification of the SM in the Higgs sector, and also a search for evidence of new physics beyond it. In this paper we will report some of the results obtained in 2010 and 2011, from the LHCb experiment dedicated to the study of CP violations and rare decays of heavy quarks.

scholarly journals Search for Hidden Particles in Intensity Frontier Experiment SHiP

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 689
Author(s):  
V. M. Gorkavenko
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Neutrino Oscillations ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Baryon Asymmetry ◽  
Heavy Particles ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Universe

Despite the undeniable success of the Standard Model of particle physics (SM), there are some phenomena (neutrino oscillations, baryon asymmetry of the Universe, dark matter, etc.) that SM cannot explain. This phenomena indicate that the SM have to be modified. Most likely, there are new particles beyond the SM. There are many experiments to search for new physics that can be can divided into two types: energy and intensity frontiers. In experiments of the first type, one tries to directly produce and detect new heavy particles. In experiments of the second type, one tries to directly produce and detect new light particles that feebly interact with SM particles. The future intensity frontier SHiP experiment (Search for Hidden Particles) at the CERN SPS is discussed. Its advantages and technical characteristics are given.

scholarly journals The Search for Feebly Interacting Particles

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-313
Author(s):  
Gaia Lanfranchi ◽  
Maxim Pospelov ◽  
Philip Schuster
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Interaction Strength ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Interacting Particles ◽  
Fundamental Physics ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Universe

At the dawn of a new decade, particle physics faces the challenge of explaining the mystery of dark matter, the origin of matter over antimatter in the Universe, the apparent fine-tuning of the electroweak scale, and many other aspects of fundamental physics. Perhaps the most striking frontier to emerge in the search for answers involves New Physics at mass scales comparable to that of familiar matter—below the GeV scale but with very feeble interaction strength. New theoretical ideas to address dark matter and other fundamental questions predict such feebly interacting particles (FIPs) at these scales, and existing data may even provide hints of this possibility. Emboldened by the lessons of the LHC, a vibrant experimental program to discover such physics is underway, guided by a systematic theoretical approach that is firmly grounded in the underlying principles of the Standard Model. We give an overview of these efforts, their motivations, and the decadal goals that animate the community involved in the search for FIPs, and we focus in particular on accelerator-based experiments.

scholarly journals THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF RIGHT HANDED NEUTRINOS

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (08) ◽  
pp. 1330019 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCO DREWES
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Sterile Neutrino ◽  
Baryon Asymmetry ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
The Universe

Neutrinos are the only particles in the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics that have only been observed with left handed chirality to date. If right handed (RH) neutrinos exist, they could be responsible for several phenomena that have no explanation within the SM, including neutrino oscillations, the baryon asymmetry of the universe, dark matter (DM) and dark radiation (DR). After a pedagogical introduction, we review recent progress in the phenomenology of RH neutrinos. We in particular discuss the mass ranges suggested by hints for neutrino oscillation anomalies and DR (eV), sterile neutrino DM scenarios (keV) and experimentally testable theories of baryogenesis (GeV to TeV). We summarize constraints from theoretical considerations, laboratory experiments, astrophysics and cosmology for each of these.

scholarly journals Finding New Physics, Phenomenological, Experimental, and Astrophysical Predictions from Neutrino Mass

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chitta Ranjan Das ◽  
Katri Huitu ◽  
Zhanibek Kurmanaliyev ◽  
Bakytbek Mauyey ◽  
Timo Kärkkäinen
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Cp Violation ◽  
Early Universe ◽  
Neutrino Mass ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Baryon Asymmetry ◽  
Neutrino Masses ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Universe

The crucial phenomenological and experimental predictions for new physics are outlined, where the number of problems of the Standard Model (neutrino masses and oscillations, dark matter, baryon asymmetry of the Universe, leptonic CP-violation) could find their solutions. The analogies between the cosmological neutrino mass scale from the early universe data and laboratory probes are discussed and the search for new physics and phenomena.

scholarly journals SMART U(1)$$_X$$: standard model with axion, right handed neutrinos, two Higgs doublets and U(1)$$_X$$ gauge symmetry

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuchika Okada ◽  
Digesh Raut ◽  
Qaisar Shafi
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gauge Symmetry ◽  
Domain Wall ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
Baryon Asymmetry ◽  
Grand Unification ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Universe

AbstractTo address five fundamental shortcomings of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics and cosmology, we propose a phenomenologically viable framework based on a $$U(1)_X \times U(1)_{PQ}$$ U ( 1 ) X × U ( 1 ) PQ extension of the SM, that we call “SMART U(1)$$_X$$ X ”. The $$U(1)_X$$ U ( 1 ) X gauge symmetry is a well-known generalization of the $$U(1)_{B-L}$$ U ( 1 ) B - L symmetry and $$U(1)_{PQ}$$ U ( 1 ) PQ is the global Peccei–Quinn (PQ) symmetry. Three right handed neutrinos are added to cancel $$U(1)_X$$ U ( 1 ) X related anomalies, and they play a crucial role in understanding the observed neutrino oscillations and explaining the observed baryon asymmetry in the universe via leptogenesis. Implementation of PQ symmetry helps resolve the strong CP problem and also provides axion as a compelling dark matter (DM) candidate. The $$U(1)_X$$ U ( 1 ) X gauge symmetry enables us to implement the inflection-point inflation scenario with $$H_{inf} \lesssim 2 \times 10^{7}$$ H inf ≲ 2 × 10 7  GeV, where $$H_{inf}$$ H inf is the value of Hubble parameter during inflation. This is crucial to overcome a potential axion domain wall problem as well as the axion isocurvature problem. The SMART U(1)$$_X$$ X framework can be successfully implemented in the presence of SU(5) grand unification, as we briefly show.

scholarly journals Machine learning techniques for detecting topological avatars of new physics

2019 ◽  
Vol 377 (2161) ◽  
pp. 20190392 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Bevan
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
The Standard Model

The search for highly ionizing particles in nuclear track detectors (NTDs) traditionally requires experts to manually search through samples in order to identify regions of interest that could be a hint of physics beyond the standard model of particle physics. The advent of automated image acquisition and modern data science, including machine learning-based processing of data presents an opportunity to accelerate the process of searching for anomalies in NTDs that could be a hint of a new physics avatar. The potential for modern data science applied to this topic in the context of the MoEDAL experiment at the large Hadron collider at the European Centre for Nuclear Research, CERN, is discussed. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Topological avatars of new physics’.

scholarly journals Outstanding questions: physics beyond the Standard Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 370 (1961) ◽  
pp. 818-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Universe

The Standard Model of particle physics agrees very well with experiment, but many important questions remain unanswered, among them are the following. What is the origin of particle masses and are they due to a Higgs boson? How does one understand the number of species of matter particles and how do they mix? What is the origin of the difference between matter and antimatter, and is it related to the origin of the matter in the Universe? What is the nature of the astrophysical dark matter? How does one unify the fundamental interactions? How does one quantize gravity? In this article, I introduce these questions and discuss how they may be addressed by experiments at the Large Hadron Collider, with particular attention to the search for the Higgs boson and supersymmetry.

scholarly journals Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe

BIBECHANA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 8-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
BC Paul
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Exponential Phase ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Present Universe ◽  
The Universe

Cosmological and astronomical observations predict that the present Universe is passing through an accelerating phase of expansion. The Universe emerged out of an exponential phase in the very early Universe. The scalar field of the standard model of particle physics when used in cosmology admits such a phase of expansion known as inflation. The most favourable condition for inflation with scalar field to admit an Inflationary scenario is that the potential energy must dominate over the kinetic energy which one obtains with a flat potential. Thereafter the Universe enters into a matter dominated phase when the field oscillates at the minimum of the potential. But it is not possible to accommodate the present accelerating phase in the Einstein’s gravity. It is known from observational analysis that about 73 % matter is responsible for the late phase expansion and 23 % matter called Dark Matter is responsible for a stable galaxy. We discuss here the relevant fields and theories that are useful for describing the late Universe. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v11i0.10374 BIBECHANA 11(1) (2014) 8-16

scholarly journals Collider Searches for Dark Matter through the Higgs Lens

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2406
Author(s):  
Spyros Argyropoulos ◽  
Oleg Brandt ◽  
Ulrich Haisch
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Higgs Bosons ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Breaking Mechanism

Despite the fact that dark matter constitutes one of the cornerstones of the standard cosmological paradigm, its existence has so far only been inferred from astronomical observations, and its microscopic nature remains elusive. Theoretical arguments suggest that dark matter might be connected to the symmetry-breaking mechanism of the electroweak interactions or of other symmetries extending the Standard Model of particle physics. The resulting Higgs bosons, including the 125 GeV spin-0 particle discovered recently at the Large Hadron Collider, therefore represent a unique tool to search for dark matter candidates at collider experiments. This article reviews some of the relevant theoretical models as well as the results from the searches for dark matter in signatures that involve a Higgs-like particle at the Large Hadron Collider.

scholarly journals The Higgs profile in the standard model and beyond

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (5 Sept-Oct) ◽  
pp. 419 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Díaz Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Higgs Physics ◽  
Higgs Mass ◽  
Higgs Sector ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Higgs Particle ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Right ◽  
Production Mechanisms

We present a review of Higgs physics in the SM and beyond, including the tests of the Higgs boson properties that have been performed at LHC and have permitted to delineate its profile. After presenting the essential features of the BEH mechanism, and its implementation in the SM, we discuss how the Higgs mass limits developed over the years. These constraints in turn helped to classify the Higgs phenomenology (decays and production mechanisms), which provided the right direction to search for the Higgs particle, an enterprise that culminated with its discovery at LHC. So far, the constraints on the couplings of the Higgs particle, point towards a SM interpretation. However, the SM has open ends that suggest the need to look for extensions of the model. We discuss in general the connection of the Higgs sector with some new physics (e.g. supersymmetry, flavor and Dark matter), with special focus on a more flavored Higgs sector. Thus is realized in the most general 2HDM, and its textured version, which we study in general, and for its various limits, which contain distinctive flavor-violating signals that could be searched at current and future colliders.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document