What does ‘risk’ mean in municipal solid waste management?

In the field of solid waste management, key concepts such as risk, impact and hazards have been used interchangeably and have had imprecise meanings and scopes; this can lead to a partial or biased vision, for example in relation to municipal solid waste management policies. This paper analyzes the use and diverse meanings of the concept of risk and its components in the scientific literature that addresses the issue of urban solid waste, from 1970 to 2020. It shows that the concept has been approached from various perspectives and interpretations. Economic and health crises can surprisingly increase risks and waste as in 2020. Waste composition has changed, since protective equipment against the coronavirus has been mixed with household waste. Of all risk components, vulnerability has been the least addressed in the literature, because technical aspects such as hazard modelling predominate in this field. Most of the publications have studied the final disposal stage, given that open dumpsites and landfills are still the most common methods for disposing of solid waste. Finally, a reference framework is proposed.

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Municipal solid waste and risk from 1970 to 2020

Resources Environment and Information Engineering ◽

10.25082/reie.2021.01.003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 124-137

Author(s):

Juan Antonio Araiza-Aguilar ◽

◽

Silke Cram-Heydrich ◽

Naxhelli Ruiz-Rivera ◽

Oralia Oropeza-Orozco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Scientific Publications ◽

Reference Framework ◽

Key Concepts ◽

Management Policies

In the field of solid waste management, key concepts such as risk, impact and hazards have been used interchangeably and have had imprecise meanings and scopes; this can lead to a partial or biased vision, for example in relation to municipal solid waste management policies. This paper presents a review of the literature on the theme of municipal solid waste and risk. Analysis of scientific publications from the years 1970 to 2020 shows that the concept of risk in the field of solid waste has been approached from various perspectives and different interpretations. Of all risk components, vulnerability has been the least addressed in the literature, because technical aspects such as hazard modeling predominate in this field. Most of the publications have studied the final disposal stage, since open dumpsites and landfills are still the most common methods for disposing of solid waste. Finally, a reference framework is proposed.

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Determinants of Household Waste Segregation in Gorkha Municipality, Nepal

Journal of Sustainable Development ◽

10.5539/jsd.v11n1p1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bijan Maskey

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Household Waste ◽

Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽

Waste Segregation ◽

The Law ◽

The Government ◽

Level Of Significance

Municipal solid waste management is a huge challenge specially in the developing countries. The first and fundamental step to solve the problem of municipal solid waste management is by waste segregation at source and separate collection of waste, which will help to recover recyclable materials and reduce the amount of waste that needs to be disposed at the dumpsite or landfill site. In Nepal, waste segregation at source is mandated by law but the government is not able to implement it successfully. This paper assesses the willingness of the households to practice waste segregation in future if the government enforces the law and various factors that influences the practice. Data was collected from 401 households which was selected using stratified sampling technique from all the municipal wards, the lowest administrative units in Nepal. The finding shows that about 67% of the respondents are willing to segregate waste in future if the government enforces the law. Logit regression model was employed to identify the factors that influence waste segregation practice. The significant variables found from this study are environmental awareness, waste collection service, willingness to pay, make compost, and segregated waste for a week variables, which are statistically significant at 1% level of significance. Income variable is significant at 5% level of significance and gender variable is significant at 10% level of significance. It is recommended that the concerned stakeholders should educate the households on the importance of waste segregation and consider these traits of households before enforcing the law.

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Deploying Municipal Solid Waste Management 3R-WTE Framework in Saudi Arabia: Challenges and Future

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12145711 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (14) ◽

pp. 5711

Author(s):

Laith A. Hadidi ◽

Ahmed Ghaithan ◽

Awsan Mohammed ◽

Khalaf Al-Ofi

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Energy Production ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Waste To Energy ◽

Household Waste ◽

Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽

Residential Camp

The need for resilience and an agile waste management system in Saudi Arabia is vital to control safely the rapid growth of its municipal solid waste (MSW) with minimal environment toll. Similarly, the domestic energy production in Saudi Arabia is thriving and putting a tremendous pressure on its huge reserves of fossil oil. Waste to energy (WTE) plants provides a golden opportunity for Saudi Arabia; however, both challenges (MSW mitigation and energy production) are usually looked at in isolation. This paper at first explores the potential of expanding the WTE energy production in the eastern province in Saudi Arabia under two scenarios (complete mass burn with and without recycling). Secondly, this study analyzes the effect of 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle) practices implementation in a residential camp (11,000 population) to influence the behavior of the camp’s citizens to reduce their average waste (kg/capita). The results of the 3R-WTE framework show a potential may reach 254 Megawatt (MW) of electricity by year 2030. The 3R system implementation in the camp reduced MSW production from 5,625 tons to 3000 tons of household waste every year, which is considered lower than what the surrounding communities to be produced in the same area.

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Waste picker livelihoods and inclusive neoliberal municipal solid waste management policies: The case of the La Chureca garbage dump site in Managua, Nicaragua

Waste Management ◽

10.1016/j.wasman.2017.10.008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 71 ◽

pp. 565-577 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Chris Hartmann

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽

Dump Site ◽

Garbage Dump ◽

Management Policies

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Implications and solutions for municipal solid waste management: Surge in household waste arising from increased online shopping during the COVID-19 pandemic

10.3390/ecerph-3-09016 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Saeed Siyal ◽

Chunlin Xin

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Online Shopping ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Household Waste ◽

Municipal Solid Waste Management

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Characterization and Quantification of Municipal Solid Waste in Jeetpur Simara Sub- Metropolitan City, Nepal

Hydro Nepal Journal of Water Energy and Environment ◽

10.3126/hn.v22i0.18996 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. 45-47

Author(s):

Yubraj Dahal ◽

Bikash Adhikari

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Organic Waste ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Household Waste ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽

Waste Generation ◽

Metropolitan City

Waste management, being one of the most important aspects of urban development, is gaining importance among developing nation like Nepal where rapid population growth, unmanaged urbanization, lack of public awareness and poor management by municipalities have intensified environmental problems in towns in Nepal. In Nepal only six municipalities i.e. Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Pokhara, Dhankuta, Tansen and Ghorahi practice sanitary landfill for waste management and other municipality practices open dumping which has become major cause of environmental and human health hazards (ADB, 2013).Jeetpur Simara Sub-Metropolitan City (JSSMC) is a recently formed sub-metropolitan city. This city has not performed any study on solid waste management till date and lacks data on quantity and composition of municipal solid waste generation that facilitates effective planning of municipal solid waste management. The household survey revealed an average per capita household waste generation rate of 120 g/capita/day. The total Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generation is estimated about 15 tons/day and 5475 tons/year. The analysis of household waste composition indicated that the highest waste category was organic waste with 80% followed by plastics with 10%, paper and paper products with 6% and inert with 4%. The composition analysis of institutional wastes revealed 41% paper and paper products, 33% plastics, 13% organic wastes and 13% inert. The study found that commercial waste comprised 59% paper and paper products, 21% plastics, 17% organic and 3% inert. In aggregate, MSW is composed of 56% organic waste, 21% paper and paper products, 19% plastics, and 3% inert. HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of Water Energy and EnvironmentIssue No: 22Page: 45-47Uploaded date: January 14, 2018

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