Real earnings management of operation before and after the implementation of IFRS using cash flow measurement approach

The timeframe of this study is two years, before the implementation of IFRS in 2011 and after the implementation of IFRS in 2013. The population of this study is manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. From the existing 179 companies, 92 companies were selected according to the criteria of the sampling method and then determined as the subjects of the study. The data were secondary data obtained in the form of ready-made (provided) through publications and infor-mation issued by various organizations or public companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The focus of this study is to examine the differences in the real earnings management with the measurement of cash flow operation before and after the implementation of IFRS. Roychowdhury (2006) stated that the indication of real earnings management is the interval between -0.075 and 0.075. The results show that there is no difference between real earnings management with the measurement of cash flow operation before the implementation of IFRS and real earnings man-agement with the measurement of cash flow operation after the implementation of IFRS.

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Pengaruh Strategi Bisnis, Financial Leverage Terhadap Manajemen Laba Dengan Corporate Governance Sebagai Variabel Moderasi

JURNAL EKSPLORASI AKUNTANSI ◽

10.24036/jea.v3i1.342 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 203-217

Author(s):

Husnaini Dwi Wanri ◽

Erinos NR

Keyword(s):

Corporate Governance ◽

Earnings Management ◽

Business Strategy ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Real Earnings Management ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Financial Leverage ◽

Strategy Variables

This study aims to examine the effect of business strategy and financial leverage as moderated by corporate governance in predicting real earnings management. This type of research is a causal association with a quantitative approach. The population used in this study are all manufacturing companies listed in Bursa Efek Indonesia 2016-2019. The sampling technique in this study using the purposive sampling technique, there are 80 manufacturing companies used as research samples. The business strategy variables are measured by the cost leadership strategy model for the current year. Earnings management variables are calculated by aggregating the triggering factors for earnings management, namely sales manipulation, overproduction, and discretionary spending. The leverage variable is calculated by the ratio of debt to assets and the moderating variable is measured by the proportion of share ownership by the managerial party. The data used in this study is secondary data obtained from the company's financial statements obtained from the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the official website of each company. The analytical method used is the multiple regression method which is processed using the SPSS 16 application. The results show that business strategy, financial leverage has a significant positive effect on real earnings management, CG can increase or weaken the relationship between business strategy, leverage on real earnings management but not significantly

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Financial Leverage on Earnings Management of Quoted Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria

THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ◽

10.18775/ijmsba.1849-5664-5419.2014.64.1001 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 7-21

Author(s):

Ogiriki Tonye ◽

Iweias Seth Sokiri

Keyword(s):

Earnings Management ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Financial Statements ◽

Ordinary Least Squares ◽

Manufacturing Firms ◽

Real Earnings Management ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Financial Leverage

This study investigated financial leverage on earnings management in manufacturing firms in Nigeria. A total of twenty-nine (29) listed firms on the Nigeria Stock Exchange (NSE) were studied, and secondary data were extracted from their annual financial statements as reported in the factbook. Ordinary least squares (OLS) method was used to analyze the data. The results revealed that: the management of manufacturing companies in Nigeria employs all the three strategies of earnings management in their companies. The relationships between financial leverage and each of the dependent variables are positive but weak. Financial leverage does not have a significant impact on accruals earnings management in listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria; but it does on real earnings management and deferred tax earnings management; The study concludes that financial leverage has a positive impact on accrual earnings management, while both financial leverage and total leverage has a negative effect on real earning management. The study recommends that users of financial statements should factor in financial leverage in assessing reported earnings by lowering/upping their expectations as to the reliability of the earnings, depending on whether financial leverage is high or low.

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Selection of profit management strategy

Linguistics and Culture Review ◽

10.21744/lingcure.v6ns1.2090 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

Author(s):

Ni Wayan Sukma Kartika Dewi ◽

Ni Made Dwi Ratnadi ◽

I Ketut Yadnyana ◽

I Gusti Ngurah Agung Suaryana

Keyword(s):

Earnings Management ◽

Management Strategy ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Real Earnings Management ◽

Annual Reports ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Classification Shifting

The purpose of this study is to empirically prove the companies in the growth, mature, and stagnant stages use accrual earnings management, real earnings management, and classification shifting. The data used is secondary data obtained from the annual reports of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2016-2020 period. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression analysis. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling technique and obtained a sample of 53 manufacturing companies or the same as 265 observational data. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the company is in the growth mature and stagnant stage using the accrual earnings management strategy. The growth stage of the company does not use a real earnings management strategy, the mature and stagnant stage, the company uses a real earnings management strategy. Companies in the growth and mature stages do not use the classification shifting strategy.

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MANAJEMEN LABA BERBASIS AKRUAL DAN RIIL SEBELUM DAN SETELAH KONVERGENSI IFRS PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR TERDAFTAR DI BEI

InFestasi ◽

10.21107/infestasi.v12i1.1799 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 36

Author(s):

Ni Made Putri Utami ◽

Endar Pituringsih ◽

Biana Adha Inapty

Keyword(s):

Earnings Management ◽

Cash Flow ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Management Practices ◽

Financial Statements ◽

Discretionary Accruals ◽

Production Costs ◽

Real Earnings Management ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Before And After

This study aims to provide empirical evidence on earnings management practices on manufacturing companies listed in Indonesian Stock Market before and after IFRS convergence (2007-2011). Accrual earnings management (the level of discretionary accruals) and real earnings management (abnormal cash flow from operation, abnormal production costs, and abnormal discretionary expenses) are observed to analyze earnings management practices. Data was retrieved using the purposive sampling method and tested with paired sample t-test and correlation test. The results empirically showed that there was no difference between accrual earnings management before and after the IFRS convergence. Additionally, real earnings management also showed that there was no difference between before and after the IFRS convergence. Other results also showed that there was no relationship between management interchangeable accrual earnings and real earnings management after convergence of IFRS. The implications of this research provided information to the users of financial statements, especially shareholders and investors to increase the awareness of the opportunities of accrual earnings management and real earnings management through manipulation of the cash flow, sales and production cost by management.

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PENGARUH BEBAN PAJAK TANGGUHAN, PERENCANAAN PAJAK DAN DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO TERHADAP PRAKTIK MANAJEMEN LABA

JURNAL INFORMASI, PERPAJAKAN, AKUNTANSI, DAN KEUANGAN PUBLIK ◽

10.25105/jipak.v11i2.4572 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 105

Author(s):

Syilvia Syilvia ◽

Puspahadi Boenjamin ◽

Susi Dwi Mulyani

Keyword(s):

Earnings Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Hypothesis Test ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Public Companies ◽

Equity Ratio ◽

Deferred Tax ◽

Tax Expense

The purpose of this research is to identifi, the effect of deffered tax expense, tax planning, and debt to equity ratio to the earnings management practices go public's manufacturing companies. The data used in this research is secondary data datained from financial statements of go public companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2012-2014. The research sample using 57 manufacturing companies each year. The sampling method used is purposive sampling. data analysis method used is quantitative method with descriptive statistics, classic assumptions test and hypothesis test to ident6 independent variables that influence the dependent variable. The result showed that debt to equity ratio has an influence signifikan and positif on earnings management practices. The deferred tax expense has no influence signifikan and positif on earnings management practices. Tax planning no influence signifikan and negatif on earnings management practices.

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Does earning management mediate the effect of capital structure on company value?

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis ◽

10.24914/jeb.v23i1.2531 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 53-68

Author(s):

Dody Hapsoro ◽

Maria Immaculata Bahantwelu

Keyword(s):

Capital Structure ◽

Earnings Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Study Data ◽

Real Earnings Management ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Company Value ◽

Research Population

This study aims to examine the effect of capital structure on company value with earnings management as a mediating variable. The capital structure is proxied using a debt to equity ratio (DER), company value is proxied using Tobin’s Q and real earnings management is proxied using costs of production activities. The research population is 144 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). 204 samples are used in this study. Data used in this study is the secondary data obtained from Indonesia Stock Exchange, contained on www.idx.co.id. The data analysis method used in this study is partial least squares (PLS) method using a WarpPLS 4.0 application. The results of the analysis show that capital structure has a positive effect on company value and real earnings management is proven to partially mediate the effect of capital structure on company value. The results of this study should encourage standard-setting bodies to make stricter regulations on real earnings management practices that tend to cause management to commit fraud.

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Pengaruh Jumlah Dewan Komisaris, Leverage, Profitabilitas, Intensitas Modal, Cash Flow, Dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Konservatisme (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2012-2017)

JURNAL EKOMAKS Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Manajemen dan Akuntansi ◽

10.33319/jeko.v8i1.30 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 17-24

Author(s):

Siti Suharni ◽

Arini Wildaniyati ◽

Dea Andreana

Keyword(s):

Cash Flow ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Capital Intensity ◽

Financial Statements ◽

Descriptive Statistics ◽

Company Size ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Financial Reports

This study is aimed at examining the effects of the Number of Board of Commissioners, Leverage, Profitability, Capital Intensity, Cash Flow, and Company Size toward Conservatism in the manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX). The population used in this study is the yearly financial statements on firm of manufacturing listed at BEI period 2012-2017, using purposive sampling method. The type of data used is secondary data obtained from yerly financial reports published and downloaded through the official BEI website. Data analyzed with Descriptive statistics, test of classic assumption and exmination of hypothesis with multiple linier regression method. The result of hypothesis research shows variable Profitability and Cash Flow have a significant effect on the ability of Conservatism, while the Number of Board of Commissioners, Leverage, Capital Intensity, and Company Size has no effect on the ability of Conservatism.

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PENGARUH MANAJEMEN LABA, PROPORSI KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN, PROFITABILITAS, CAPITAL INTENSITY, DAN LIKUIDITAS TERHADAP TAX AGGRESSIVENESS (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2012-2016)

Jurnal Akuntansi Bisnis ◽

10.30813/jab.v11i2.1387 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Leem Sufia ◽

Ernie Riswandari

Keyword(s):

Earnings Management ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Control Variable ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Capital Intensity ◽

Tax Planning ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Tax Aggressiveness ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Result Show

ABSTRACT: Taxes are the main source of state revenue. The greater amount of tax revenue attainment can support the national economy. However, on the other hand, taxes are a burden that can reduce income for taxpayer. This encourage taxpayer to make every effort to reduce the tax burden from legal tax planning to illegal. Excessive tax planning will result to tax aggressiveness. This study aims to examine, analyse, and obtain empirical evidence about the effect of earnings management, proportion of independent commissioners, profitability, capital intensity, and liquidity to tax aggressiveness. This research is also to compare the result of prior researches. The population in this research is 144 manufacturing companies that listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2012 to 2016. Sample consist of 51 manufacturing companies, selected using one of nonprobability sampling method, which is purposive sampling type. The data type is secondary data which collected from IDX website. The statistical method used in this research is multiple regression analysis. These results indicates that earnings management and profitability have a significant influence to tax aggressiveness. While the proportion of independent commissioners, capital intensity, dan liquidity have no influence toward tax aggressiveness. But, if earnings management, proportion of independent commissioners, profitability, capital intensity, and liquidity simultantly tested with the control variable which are size and leverage the result show that there is significant association with the tax aggressiveness. Keyword : Tax aggressiveness, earnings management, proportion of independent commissioners, profitability, capital intensity, liquidity, size, leverage. ABSTRAK: Pajak merupakan sumber utama penerimaan negara. Semakin besar jumlah penerimaan pajak maka dapat mendukung perekonomian nasional. Namun, di sisi lain, pajak merupakan beban yang dapat mengurangi penghasilan bagi wajib pajak. Hal ini mendorong wajib pajak untuk melakukan segala upaya untuk menekan beban pajak mulai dari perencanaan pajak yang legal hingga ilegal. Perencanaan pajak yang berlebihan akan menimbulkan agresivitas pajak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji, menganalisis, dan memperoleh bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh manajemen laba, proporsi komisaris independen, profitabilitas, capital intensity, dan likuiditas terhadap tax aggressiveness. Penelitian ini juga membandingkan hasil dengan penelitian sebelumnya. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah 144 perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2012 sampai dengan 2016. Sampel terdiri dari 51 perusahaan manufaktur yang dipilih menggunakan salah satu metode nonprobability sampling, yaitu tipe purposive sampling. Tipe data adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari situs IDX. Metode statistik yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen laba dan profitabilitas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tax aggressiveness. Sedangkan proporsi komisaris independen, capital intensity, dan likuiditas tidak berpengaruh terhadap tax aggressiveness. Namun, jika manajemen laba, proporsi komisaris independen, profitabilitas, capital intensity, dan likuiditas diuji secara bersama-sama dengan variabel kontrol, yaitu ukuran perusahaan dan leverage menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh terhadap tax aggressiveness. Kata kunci: Agresivitas pajak, manajemen laba, proporsi komisaris independen, profitabilitas, capital intensity, likuiditas, ukuran perusahaan, leverage.

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Pengaruh Dewan Komisaris Independen dan Komite Audit terhadap Manajemen Laba pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2015-2017

JAMIN : Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen dan Inovasi Bisnis ◽

10.47201/jamin.v2i1.46 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 88

Author(s):

Anton Ferry Ananda ◽

Santi Andriani

Keyword(s):

Earnings Management ◽

Audit Committee ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Annual Report ◽

Regression Coefficient ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Audit Committees ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Partial Regression Coefficient

This study aims to determine the effect of independent commissioners and audit committees on earnings management. This research uses quantitative methods. The data used in this study are secondary data, i.e. data obtained through existing sources and do not need to be collected by the researcher themselves. The data is in the form of an annual report issued by companies listed in the 2015-2017 period which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The population in this study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2015-2017 period. The results showed that the independent board of commissioners and the audit committee had no simultaneous effect on earnings management. This is consistent with the results of the simultaneous regression coefficient test (Test F) which shows the calculated F value is smaller than the F table, and with a determinant value of 3.1%. Partially the independent board of comissioners and audit committee has no effect on earnings management. Based on the results of the partial regression coefficient test (t test) on the variable independent commissioners and the audit committee showed a significance value greater than 0.05, so it was concluded that the two variables in this study had no effect on earnings management.Keywords: Audit Committee, Independent Board of Commissioners, Profit Management, Finance

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The effect of financial distress and earnings management on tax aggressiveness with corporate governance as the moderating variable

International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478) ◽

10.20525/ijrbs.v9i7.965 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 167-176

Author(s):

Ratih Pujirahayu Nugroho ◽

Sutrisno T Sutrisno ◽

Endang Mardiati

Keyword(s):

Corporate Governance ◽

Earnings Management ◽

Financial Distress ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Real Earnings Management ◽

Audit Committees ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Financial Reports ◽

Tax Aggressiveness

This study aims to verify the correlation between financial distress and earnings management of tax aggressiveness moderated by corporate governance. This study uses a population of manufacturing companies that publish their financial statement on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 until 2018. Sample collection was performed using a purposive sampling method, resulting in a total of 212 populations that published complete financial reports. This study was tested by using the Multiple Regression Analysis test. This research gave empirical proofs that financial distress and real earnings management positively influenced the tax aggressiveness was supported, the proportion of independent commissioners weakened the financial distress and negatively impacted the tax aggressiveness was supported, the total audit committees weakened the financial distress and negatively influenced the tax aggressiveness was not supported, the proportion of independent commissioners and total audit committees weakened the real earnings management and negatively affected the tax aggressiveness was not supported

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