SME INTER-CLUSTERING LINKAGE OF EAST JAVA: AMONG BUSINESS STRATEGY AND COOPERATIVES

The Indonesian SME cluster has not fully implemented the cluster concept, causing the SME cluster to stagnate. The Meubel SME Cluster of Pasuruan City and Malang City are two prime clusters working to show their economic crisis performance several times. This study aims to examine the factors of inter-firm linkage and business strategy on business performance. Methodologically, this study uses several analytical methods, namely multiple linear regression, to measure the influence between inter-firm linkage and business strategy variables on business performance, SWOT matrix to map strategy, and descriptive analysis to present non-parametric findings. This study analyzed 60 samples of MSEs from a population of 350 business units. The results of the study mentioned that aspects of business strategy (finance, marketing, human resources, research, development, and operations) had a more significant effect on business performance (sales, profits, assets, labor, and productivity) than inter-firm linkage (backward, forward, and horizontal). Through SWOT matrix analysis, the inter-clustering linkage of Malang City and Pasuruan cluster SMEs is naturally created. Access to raw materials and labor in the city of Malang began to be complicated even though consumers’ potential from large tourists and access to adequate technology. In contrast, Pasuruan City is lt to do marketing because of geographical conditions’ weakness even though the raw material resources and labor are abundant. The specialization of production is created with Pasuruan City as the production base and Malang City as the Marketing Base.Keywords: Cooperatives, Business Strategy, Inter-Clustering LinkageJEL: Q13, L21, C38

Emerging Market Firms’ Response to U.S. Economic Recession and the Subsequent Period’s Performance

We investigated the changes in behaviors of firms in emerging markets in response to the U.S. economic recession and the impact of those changes in strategic behaviors on subsequent periods’ operating performances. Specifically, we adopted an event-study methodology, using a sample of emerging market firms, to investigate the nature of the effects of the U.S. economic recession on firms in emerging markets. Based on 5,887 firms in nine emerging countries, our results show that firms in emerging markets exhibit changes in strategy variables, and those changes have a significant effect on the subsequent periods’ operating performance. In addition, we found that the impact of changes in strategy variables on the subsequent periods’ operating performance is stronger among more resource-unconstrained firms than among more resource-constrained firms. We ascribe this latter finding to the lack of slack resources that are necessary to make changes in strategy variables during the aftermath of the global economic recession for more resource-constrained firms.

The Effect of Promotional Strategies on Purchase Decisions at Pondok Lesehan Waroeng Ridwan, Pagar Alam City

This study aims to determine whether there is an Influence of Promotional Strategy on Purchase Decisions and to find out how much Promotional Strategy Variables on Purchase Decisions. This study uses associative research with a quantitative approach. There are two variables used in this research, namely Promotion Strategy (X) and Purchase Decision (Y). This data collection was obtained through distributing questionnaires to consumers of Waroeng Ridwan Products in Pagar Alam City. The sample used in this study were 84 respondents using Simple Linear Statistical Analysis and Sampling techniques. The results of the Simple Linear Regression Analysis Test in this study indicate that the Promotion Strategy has a positive effect on Purchase Decisions can be seen from the Simple Regression Analysis, namely: Y = 25.740 + 0.235. Which is where the constant value of 25,740 the regression coefficient value of the Promotion Strategy has a positive influence, which means that if the Promotion Strategy increases by one unit, the Purchase Decision will increase by 0.235 units. Promotion strategy has a significant effect on purchasing decisions at Pondok Lesehan Waroeng Ridwan in Pagar Alam City which can be seen from the results of the t test where the significant value is 0.000, which means it is smaller than 0.05 so the hypothesis is accepted.

Marketing Mix Strategies of Small and Medium Tourism enterprises in Masvingo Province, Zimbabwe

The study sought to identify the marketing mix strategies of small and medium tourism enterprises (SMTEs), focusing on lodges and hotels of Masvingo Province in Zimbabwe. The continued low business performance by SMTEs in Masvingo Province motivated the study. The marketing mix theory underpinned the study. The ten tourism marketing mix strategies, namely product, price, place, promotion, people, process, physical evidence, programming, packaging, and partnership were the strategy variables of the study. The study employed a quantitative research approach. An online structured questionnaire was used to collect data from all the 250 owners and managers of SMTEs. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 was used for the analysis of data. The main study findings were that SMTEs in Masvingo Province use all the ten tourism marketing mix strategies, albeit with varying degrees of application. The three most used strategies were product, packaging, and price. The three least used strategies were people, programming, and partnership. The moderately used strategies were physical evidence, promotion, place, and process. The value of this study relates to the use of a ten tourism marketing mix framework by SMTEs. Implications are that study organisations may not reach full performance potential due to unequal use of the ten tourism marketing mix strategy elements.

Pengaruh Strategi Bisnis, Financial Leverage Terhadap Manajemen Laba Dengan Corporate Governance Sebagai Variabel Moderasi

This study aims to examine the effect of business strategy and financial leverage as moderated by corporate governance in predicting real earnings management. This type of research is a causal association with a quantitative approach. The population used in this study are all manufacturing companies listed in Bursa Efek Indonesia 2016-2019. The sampling technique in this study using the purposive sampling technique, there are 80 manufacturing companies used as research samples. The business strategy variables are measured by the cost leadership strategy model for the current year. Earnings management variables are calculated by aggregating the triggering factors for earnings management, namely sales manipulation, overproduction, and discretionary spending. The leverage variable is calculated by the ratio of debt to assets and the moderating variable is measured by the proportion of share ownership by the managerial party. The data used in this study is secondary data obtained from the company's financial statements obtained from the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the official website of each company. The analytical method used is the multiple regression method which is processed using the SPSS 16 application. The results show that business strategy, financial leverage has a significant positive effect on real earnings management, CG can increase or weaken the relationship between business strategy, leverage on real earnings management but not significantly

Perbedaan Regulasi Emosi Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin dan Rentang Usia pada Remaja dengan Orangtua Bercerai

Adolescents have characteristics of emotion instability however it is not yet known whether emotion regulation difference exists seen from gender and stage of adolescence (early, middle, late). This study aims to describe and to find out the differences of emotion regulation reviewed by gender and age range in adolescents with divorced parents in Malang City. The research respondents amounted to 150 who will be divided by gender and age range. The instrument in this research uses emotion regulation scale made by researcher. This research uses quantitative approaches with the type of descriptive comparative research. The result showed that there are no differences of emotion regulation reviewed by gender in adolescents with divorced parents in Malang City with sig value (2 tailed) = .540. Other result show that there are differences of emotion regulation reviewed by age range of early adolescents with middle adolescents also early adolescents with end adolescents who has divorced parents in Malang City with sig value (2 tailed) = .005 and .000 but there are no differences of emotion regulation reviewed by age range middle adolescents with end adolescents who has divorced parents in Malang City with sig value (2 tailed) = .989. Based on gender and age, the sampling technique with a larger and more even number of respondents is an important suggestion for future research, in addition to the involvement of the emotional regulation strategy variables.

Does national culture influence management's accounting behaviour and strategy? – an empirical analysis of European IFRS adopters

PurposeThis study examines, in a European context, whether a management-induced International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) accounting strategy is affected by national culture. It analyses the association between management's accounting strategy and Hofstede's cultural dimensions of individualism and uncertainty avoidance, as well as institutional and firm-specific factors.Design/methodology/approachUsing hand-collected accounting decisions from 301 annual reports of firms from 14 European countries in 2017, a model is developed to identify two ordinally scaled accounting strategy variables, each representing the aggregated effect of the decisions on earnings and equity ratio. Afterwards, the effect of the cultural dimensions on these accounting-strategy variables is analysed by an ordered logistic regression.FindingsThe results do not support an association between management's accounting strategy and national culture, complementing the previous critical literature on values-based theories of culture. However, there is evidence that national legal enforcement, disclosure requirements and firm size explain differences in management's accounting strategy across countries.Research limitations/implicationsUsing the cultural value dimensions of the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE) project, the findings are robust and stable. However, the study is limited to a European data set and the sample year.Practical implicationsThis study contributes to the discussion on the transparency and comparability of IFRS accounting. The results imply that these issues are not affected by cultural differences but rather by differences in institutional and firm-specific factors. In order to bring about improvements, regulators should establish a uniform institutional setting, while the standard setter should reduce the number of implicit and explicit accounting choices embodied in the IFRS.Originality/valueThe paper advances the understanding of cultural influences on management's IFRS accounting behaviour by providing an alternative to the existing accruals approach.

ANALISIS STRATEGI PEMASARAN TERHADAP MINAT NASABAH PADA PERBANKAN DI PEMATANGSIANTAR

Financial institutions, both bank and non-bank, which continue to develop in Indonesia will encourage financial institutions to always optimize their marketing activities. One of them is Bank Mandiri in facing competition. One of the strategies of Bank Mandiri is the marketing mix strategy. The formulation of the problem in this study is whether the Marketing Mix strategy affects the interest of Bank Mandiri KC Pematangsiantar customers. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the Marketing Mix affects customer interest in Bank Mandiri KC Pematangsiantar. This research is a type of field research (field research) with a descriptive nature using primary and secondary data, in addition to the data collection methods in this study using observation and interview methods, and this method of analysis using quantitative analysis methods. Based on the results of this study, it shows that the application of marketing strategies uses a marketing mix, the products offered are very varied according to the needs of society for the present and the future, then promotion using personal selling, advertising via television, brochures and others. , publicity with exhibition activities, social service. The marketing strategy that has been implemented has been good in increasing customer interest. Respondents in this study were 97 customers. From the results of data analysis it can be concluded that, there is a significant positive influence between marketing strategy variables (X) on customer interest (Y) at Bank Mandiri Kc Pematangsiantar, the contribution of the influence of marketing strategy variables (X) on customer interest (Y) coefficient of determination (R2) 0.76 shows that 76% of marketing strategies (X) affect customer interest (Y), while 24% are influenced by other variables not discussed in this study.

Influence of Promotional Strategies, Brand Image, Quality of Service and Price Against Community Trust

Community trust in a health institution is fundamental. Trust is a number of specific beliefs about integrity (trustworthy party honesty and ability to keep promises), behevolence (trustworthy attention and motivation to act in accordance with interests that trust them), competency (the ability of trusted parties to carry out trusting needs) and predictability (consistency in the behavior of trusted parties). The purpose of this study is to influence the promotion strategies, brand image, service quality, and price on public trust (Studies in Soepraoen Hospital Malang). The research design used is quantitative research. The research method used is quantitative research method causal research. The sampling technique used proportional sampling with a sample of 100 respondents. Data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression tests. The results showed that the descriptive results of promotion strategy variables showed an overall average value of 4.15 with a percentage of 26% and a good category, descriptive Brand Image variables had an overall average value of 4.05 with a percentage of 41% with good categories, in the descriptive variable Price Performance had a value the overall average of 4.10 in the good category with a percentage of 30%, in the Service Quality variable has a mean overall score of 4.07 in the good category of 36%, and the variable patient trust during treatment has an overall average value of 3.99 in the good category with percentage 68%. Of the 100 respondents studied in the promotion strategy have a significant influence on trust, in brand image has a significant influence on trust, at prices having a significant influence on trust, on service quality has a significant influence on trust, and simultaneously for each each promotion strategy variable, brand image, price, and service quality have a significant influence on trust. The trust variable is more influenced by the service quality variable than the promotion strategy, brand image, and price variable.