scholarly journals Modelling and control of a grid-tied power conditioning unit for a megawatt fuel cell system

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Khlid Ben Hamad ◽  
Mohamed Tariq Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Power Conditioning ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
And Control ◽  
Exchange Membrane

It is a reality that future development in the energy sector is founded on the utilization of renewable and sustainable energy sources. These energy sources can empower to meet the double targets of diminishing greenhouse gas emissions and ensuring reliable and cost-effective energy supply. Fuel cells are one of the advanced clean energy technologies and have demonstrated their ability to be a decent substitute to address the above-mentioned concerns. They are viewed as reliable and efficient technologies to operate either tied or non-tied to the grid and power applications ranging from domestic, commercial to industrial. Among different fuel cell technologies, proton exchange membrane is the most attractive. Its connection to the utility grid requires that the power conditioning system serving as the interface between the stack and the grid operates accordingly. This study aims to model and control a power conditioning system for the grid-connection of a megawatt fuel cell stack. Besides the grid, the system consists of a 1.54 MW/1400 V DC proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, a 1.3 MW/600 V three-level diode clamped inverter and an LCL filter which is designed to reduced harmonics and meet the standards such as IEEE 519 and IEC 61000-3-6. The power conditioning control scheme comprises voltage and current regulators to provide a good power factor and satisfy synchronization requirements with the grid. The frequency and phase are synchronized with those of the grid through a phase-locked-loop. The modelling and simulation are performed using Matlab/Simulink. The results show good performance of the proposed microgrid as well as the inverter design and control approach with a low total harmonic distortion of about 0.35% for the voltage and 0.19% for the current.   

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell System Identification and Control: Part I — System Dynamics, Modeling and Identification

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yee-Pien Yang ◽  
Fu-Cheng Wang ◽  
Hsin-Ping Chang ◽  
Ying-Wei Ma ◽  
Chih-Wei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
System Identification ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Fuel Cell System ◽  
And Control ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Auxiliary Input

This paper consists of two parts to address a systematic method of system identification and control of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell. This fuel cell is used for communication devices of small power, involving complex electrochemical reactions of nonlinear and time-varying dynamic properties. From a system point of view, the dynamic model of PEM fuel cell is reduced to a configuration of two inputs, hydrogen and air flow rates, and two outputs, cell voltage and current. The corresponding transfer functions describe linearized subsystem dynamics with finite orders and time-varying parameters, which are expressed as discrete-time auto-regression moving-average with auxiliary input models for system identification by the recursive least square algorithm. In experiments, a pseudo random binary sequence of hydrogen or air flow rate is fed to a single fuel cell device to excite its dynamics. By measuring the corresponding output signals, each subsystem transfer function of reduced order is identified, while the unmodeled, higher-order dynamics and disturbances are described by the auxiliary input term. This provides a basis of adaptive control strategy to improve the fuel cell performance in terms of efficiency, transient and steady state specifications. Simulation shows the adaptive controller is robust to the variation of fuel cell system dynamics.

A Novel Input Ripple Current Suppressing Topology Configuration and Controller for Residential Fuel Cell Power Conditioning System

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Power Conditioning ◽  
Grid Connection ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC)’s power conditioning system (PCS) for residential application always contains two stage converter configuration of the dc-dc converter and the power grid connection dc-ac inverter. As known well, the inverter tends to draw an ac ripple current at twice the output frequency. For fuel cell system, the ripple current has worse effect than the other system, since it reduces the fuel cell system’s output capacity and wastes the fuel. Worst of all, it shortens the fuel cell’s life span. In this paper, first, the power grid connection PEMFC PCS’s ripple current source and propagation are analyzed. Then, a ripple suppressing PCS topology configuration and controller are proposed to achieve the low input ripple current control.

A Model for the Freeze Start Behavior of a PEM Fuel Cell Stack

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Mangold ◽  
Silvia Piewek ◽  
Olaf Klein ◽  
Achim Kienle
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
Model Equations ◽  
Exchange Membrane

A simple model for the start-up of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack is proposed. The model covers a wide temperature range from temperatures below the freezing point of water to usual operation temperatures of a low-temperature fuel cell. Model equations are derived from first principles. They account for the effects of ice and liquid water on the stack behavior. The model is validated by experimental data published by Schießwohl [2009, “Experimental Investigation of Parameters Influencing the Freeze Start Ability of a Fuel Cell System,” J. Power Sources, 193(1), pp. 107–115.], and a good qualitative agreement is found. The applicability of the model to problems of operation strategies and stack design is demonstrated by simulation studies.

Thermodynamic, exergetic, and thermoeconomic analyses of a 1-kW proton exchange membrane fuel cell system fueled by natural gas

Energy ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 119362
Author(s):  
Seok-Ho Seo ◽  
Si-Doek Oh ◽  
Jinwon Park ◽  
Hwanyeong Oh ◽  
Yoon-Young Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Fuel Cell System ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Observation of Pressure Drop Behavior in an Operating Fuel Cell Stack

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frano Barbir ◽  
Haluk Gorgun ◽  
Xinting Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Cathode Side ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Drying Conditions ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
The Relationship

Pressure drop on the cathode side of a PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) fuel cell stack has been studied and used as a diagnostic tool. Since the Reynolds number at the beginning of the flow field channel was <250, the flow through the channel is laminar, and the relationship between the pressure drop and the flow rate is linear. Some departure from linearity was observed when water was either introduced in the stack or produced inside the stack in the electrochemical reaction. By monitoring the pressure drop in conjunction with the cell resistance in an operational fuel cell stack, it was possible to diagnose either flooding or drying conditions inside the stack.

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