scholarly journals Status Hukum Khitan Perempuan (Perdebatan Pandangan Ulama dan Permenkes RI No.1636/MENKES/PER/XI/2010)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-186
Author(s):  
Aisyatul Azizah
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Female Circumcision ◽  
Health Agency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Ministry ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Health Organization

Khitan bagi laki-laki adalah wajib. Hal ini berbeda dengan khitan perempuan. Permasalahan ini menuai kontroversi baik terkait praktik dan status hukum. Polemik besar bergulir pasca Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) berfatwa No. 9A tahun 2008. Legal himbauan ini mengatur pelarangan khitan terhadap perempuan. Pelarangan juga dimaklumatkan WHO (World Health Organitation), badan kesehatan dunia ini mengungkapkan dampak negatif pada praktik khitan perempuan. Data 140 juta perempuan mengalami pendarahan, gangguan buang air kecil, kista, dan kemandulan akibat berkhitan. LSM kemudian memvonis khitan perempuan berbahaya. Larangan tanpa tegas pada khitan perempuan juga diterbitkan kementerian Kesehatan yang membatalkan Permenkes Nomor 1636/MENKES/PER/XI/2010 dengan Permenkes Nomor 6 Tahun 2014. Hal ini menjadikan aturan khitan perempuan kurang jelas dimasyarakat. Dalam status Hukum Positif dan agama,tidak ada pelarangan maupun penganjuran secara mutlak. Namun demikian, khitan perempuan merupakan tradisi yangdipercaya sebagai penyempurna agama dalamajaran pada prilaku kesopanan. Di Indonesia, khitan perempuan dirayakan khusus dan sebagai argumen pelestarian adat dan budaya.[Circumcision for men is mandatory in Islamic Syari’ah. It is different from female circumcision. The issue is reaping controversy both practice and legal status. Public polemics is one reason in the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) fatwa No. 9A of 2008. The law stipulates the prohibition of female circumcision. The prohibition is announced by the WHO (World Health Organization), the world health agency that reveals negative things in female circumcision. Data on 140 million women experienced bleeding, urination problems, cysts, and infertility due to circumcision. NGOs is the next convicted female circumcision as a dangerous practice. Health Ministry also published an unequivocal prohibition on female circumcision, which canceled the Ministry rule (Permenkes) No. 1636 / MENKES / PER / XI / 2010 with Permenkes No. 6/2014. It makes the concept of rules for female circumcision less clear in society. In the status of positive law and religion, there is no absolute prohibition or recommendation. However, female circumcision is a culture believed as a religious accomplishment to make polite women. In Indonesia, female circumcision is special celebrations and argument for the preservation of tradition and culture.] 

Following the directives of World Health Organization: A Hobsons Choice

Coronaviruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaima S. Ali Miraj
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
International Health ◽  
Health Agency ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: Of late several articles in prestigious scientific platforms have shown that, 'COVID-19 has questioned the global health expertise of some developed countries like the USA UK and other European nations as well as the international health agency, the World Health Organization, highlighting that they faltered in managing the crisis during the pandemic. The objective of this article is to highlight the fact that as there was no specific vaccine or treatment at hand, the portfolio available with these nations under the directions of the WHO to counter the measures against COVID19, was limited. There was no other alternative in this time of world’s most unprecedented emergency, and whatever immediate steps were taken to contain the virus spread by the WHO were justified. Methods: Using the available literature on the internet and library sources, a survey of published articles in leading journals of the world have been made to analyse the various articles describing the position of the WHO and its future strategies in dealing with the worlds most unprecedented pandemic. Results and Conclusion: The present communication suggests that a large scale fund allocation in a fixed percentage for Health for All, from every member country’s defence budget can be separately made for substantially replenishing the already depleting funding of the WHO. This will enable an effective control of the global pandemic crisis with significant international cooperation, allowing sharing of the financial burden. The specially created fund can be used under international monitoring for such unprecedented calamities in future. More focus can thus be given to special training of manpower, advancements in the protective equipment, development of vaccines, critical care hospitals and centres on a global basis.

scholarly journals The Netherlands Is on Track to Meet the World Health Organization Hepatitis C Elimination Targets by 2030

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 4562
Author(s):  
Marleen van Dijk ◽  
Sylvia M. Brakenhoff ◽  
Cas J. Isfordink ◽  
Wei-Han Cheng ◽  
Hans Blokzijl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
World Health ◽  
Decompensated Cirrhosis ◽  
Gradual Decline ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Health Organization

Background: The Netherlands strives for hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination, in accordance with the World Health Organization targets. An accurate estimate when HCV elimination will be reached is elusive. We have embarked on a nationwide HCV elimination project (CELINE) that allowed us to harvest detailed data on the Dutch HCV epidemic. This study aims to provide a well-supported timeline towards HCV elimination in The Netherlands. Methods: A previously published Markov model was used, adopting published data and unpublished CELINE project data. Two main scenarios were devised. In the Status Quo scenario, 2020 diagnosis and treatment levels remained constant in subsequent years. In the Gradual Decline scenario, an annual decrease of 10% in both diagnoses and treatments was implemented, starting in 2020. WHO incidence target was disregarded, due to low HCV incidence in The Netherlands (≤5 per 100,000). Results: Following the Status Quo and Gradual Decline scenarios, The Netherlands would meet WHO’s elimination targets by 2027 and 2032, respectively. From 2015 to 2030, liver-related mortality would be reduced by 97% in the Status Quo and 93% in the Gradual Decline scenario. Compared to the Status Quo scenario, the Gradual Decline scenario would result in 12 excess cases of decompensated cirrhosis, 18 excess cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, and 20 excess cases of liver-related death from 2020–2030. Conclusions: The Netherlands is on track to reach HCV elimination by 2030. However, it is vital that HCV elimination remains high on the agenda to ensure adequate numbers of patients are being diagnosed and treated.

Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Relief Coordination Program of the World Health Organization (Pan American Health Organization, PAHO)

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 300-301
Author(s):  
Claude De Ville de Goyet
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Relief ◽  
Health Agency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
The World ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Health Organization

The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) has two components: (1) The Pan American Sanitary Bureau (PASB), founded in 1902, serves as the health agency affiliated with the Organization of the American States (OAS); in 1947, the PASB became the Regional office of the World Health Organization for the Americas. (2) The Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Relief Coordination office.In October 1976, the Directing Council of PAHO, “anxious that the international assistance given to countries affected by natural disasters should be better coordinated, rational, and more effective”, requested that the Director set up a “disaster unit with instructions to define the policy of the Organization, to formulate a plan of action for the various types of disasters, to make an inventory of the human and other resources available, to train the necessary personnel, to prepare and disseminate the appropriate guidelines and manuals, and to promote operational research.” In March 1977, a permanent office for Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Relief Coordination was established at PAHO Headquarters in Washington, D.C.

scholarly journals Back to Female Circumcision and Infibulation

1970 ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Lebanese American University
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Female Circumcision ◽  
World Health ◽  
Front Page ◽  
Traditional Practices ◽  
The World ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Health Organization

On the front page of the world·renowned magazine Ie Monde a report was published bearing the title: "30 "million mutilated girls and women in Africa". It was the report of a seminar on "Traditional practices affecting the health of women and children" held by the World Health Organization in Khartoum, Sudan, Feb. 10·15, 1979.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and orthodontic treatment: current perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilesh MOTE ◽  
Shubhangi MANI ◽  
Kunal PALLAN ◽  
Rishikesh RATHOD
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
World Health ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Health Ministry ◽  
The World ◽  
Seasonal Flu ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT Introduction: A pandemic was declared by the World Health Organization on 30th January 2020, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged, and led to standstill of Dentistry and Orthodontics. Description: The COVID-19 is a very multivariant disease. It affects in many different ways; the most reported symptoms resemble very much to that of a seasonal flu. Patients feel rising fever, dry cough and shortness of breath. There are two ways to handle them, the first being remotely guiding and helping them with aid of telecommunication, and second you can prepare the clinic by following all sanitization protocols and keep the clinic open only for such patients. Usage of Environment Protection agents, N95 masks, PPE kits and HEPA filters are some of the basic things to go about. Conclusion: With the non-stop change of scenario of the COVID-19, meticulous monitoring of the local situation and one eye on the latest instructions given by the WHO and Health ministry should be followed.

scholarly journals Epidemiology training and public health practice

1989 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Brachman ◽  
S. I. Music
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Practice ◽  
International Health ◽  
Health Agency ◽  
Information Support ◽  
World Health ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Health Organization

There is a significant role for the practice of epidemiology throughout the world if health professionals are to work effectively towards ‘Health for All’. The status quo leaves a great deal to be desired, as evidenced by recent signals from the premier international health agency, the World Health Organization (WHO). The forty-first World Health Assembly meeting in Geneva, Switzerland, in May 1988 approved a resolution stressing ‘the importance of epidemiology as a tool for the formulation of rational health policy’ (PAHO, 1988). In addition to its key role ‘in studying the causes and means of prevention of disease’, the Assembly noted epidemiology's valuable inputs in ‘health systems research, information support, technology assessment, and the management and evaluation of health service’.

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