scholarly journals Made in India SiDHELA Indias First Endangered Language Archive

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (05) ◽  
pp. 292-299
Author(s):  
R. Karthick Narayanan
Keyword(s):  
Primary Data ◽  
Endangered Languages ◽  
Language Documentation ◽  
Endangered Language ◽  
Linguistic Resource ◽  
The University ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
North Bengal ◽  
Made In

Sikkim-Darjeeling Himalayan Endangered Languages Archive (SiDHELA) created by the Centre for Endangered Languages, Sikkim University is India’s first endangered language archive. This archive is part of the ongoing language documentation initiatives of the Centre funded by the University Grant Commission. The Centre, formally established in December 2016 aims for preservation and promotion of endangered languages in Sikkim and North Bengal. The Centre carries out documentation and description of the indigenous endangered languages of the region through linguistic and ethnographic fieldwork. SiDHELA conceptualised as a platform for a linguistic resource of the languages spoken in the region, houses the primary data collected through fieldwork. One of the main aims of this archive is to preserve the data for long term usage and dissemination. Central Library, Sikkim University hosts the archive under its digital library. Through this archive the Centre for Endangered Languages, Sikkim University seeks not just to preserve and protect but also to promote the use of endangered languages spoken in the region. This paper presents the journey of this archive from idea to reality. This paper outlines the motivation behind the conceptualisation of SiDHELA as a regional archive and then discusses its development. It includes discussion on the developmental platform, theoretical issues in the conceptualisation of the archive and practical challenges in its design and development and its prospects. This paper thus primarily intends to inform scholars and researchers working with endangered languages of the region about this archive and its development. Finally, it hopes to kindle interest among researchers and librarians for developments of more such regional archives.

Language Documentation in Diaspora Communities

2018 ◽  
pp. 398-418
Author(s):  
Daniel Kaufman ◽  
Ross Perlin
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Endangered Languages ◽  
Language Documentation ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Language Endangerment ◽  
Endangered Language

Due to environmental, economic, and social factors, cities are increasingly absorbing speakers of endangered languages. In this chapter, the authors examine some of the ways that organizations can work with communities in an urban setting to further language documentation, conservation, and revitalization. They base their discussion on their experience at the Endangered Language Alliance, a non-profit organization based in New York City that facilitates collaboration between linguists, students, speakers of endangered languages, and other relevant parties. While ex-situ language documentation has not been given much attention in the literature, they argue that it has its own unique advantages and that diaspora communities need to be taken seriously, both to fully understand language endangerment and to better counteract it.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. xxviii-18
Author(s):  
Lyle Campbell ◽  
Kenneth L. Rehg
Keyword(s):  
Language Revitalization ◽  
Endangered Languages ◽  
Language Documentation ◽  
Language Endangerment ◽  
Reference Volume ◽  
Endangered Language ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Comprehensive Reference

The Oxford Handbook of Endangered Languages’ purposes are (1) to provide a reasonably comprehensive reference volume for endangered languages, with the scope of the volume as a whole representing the breadth of the field; (2) to highlight both the range of thinking about language endangerment and the variety of responses to it; and (3) to broaden understanding of language endangerment, language documentation, and language revitalization, and, in so doing, to encourage and contribute to fresh thinking and new findings in support of endangered languages. This chapter introduces the thirty-nine chapters of this Handbook, which are addressed to the themes and approaches in scholarship on endangered language and to these objectives of the book. The authors introduce the criteria for determining whether a language is endangered and just how endangered it is, address the causes of language endangerment, review the reasons for why the language endangerment crisis matters, and discuss the variety of responses to it.

scholarly journals Kia kaua te reo e rite ki te moa, ka ngaro: do not let the language suffer the same fate as the moa

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (162) ◽  
pp. 20190526
Author(s):  
Tessa Barrett-Walker ◽  
Michael J. Plank ◽  
Rachael Ka'ai-Mahuta ◽  
Daniel Hikuroa ◽  
Alex James
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Endangered Languages ◽  
Endangered Language ◽  
Learning Rates ◽  
Welsh Language ◽  
Using Data

More than a third of the world's languages are currently classified as endangered and more than half are expected to go extinct by 2100. Strategies aimed at revitalizing endangered languages have been implemented in numerous countries, with varying degrees of success. Here, we develop a new model regarding language transmission by dividing the population into defined proficiency categories and dynamically quantifying transition rates between categories. The model can predict changes in proficiency levels over time and, ultimately, whether a given endangered language is on a long-term trajectory towards extinction or recovery. We calibrate the model using data from Wales and show that the model predicts that the Welsh language will thrive in the long term. We then apply the model to te reo Māori, the indigenous language of New Zealand, as a case study. Initial conditions for this model are estimated using New Zealand census data. We modify the model to describe a country, such as New Zealand, where the endangered language is associated with a particular subpopulation representing the indigenous people. We conclude that, with current learning rates, te reo Māori is on a pathway towards extinction, but identify strategies that could help restore it to an upward trajectory.

scholarly journals Kia kaua te reo e rite ki te moa, ka ngaro: Do not let the language suffer the same fate as the moa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa Barrett-Walker ◽  
Michael J. Plank ◽  
Rachael Ka’ai-Mahuta ◽  
Daniel Hikuroa ◽  
Alex James
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Endangered Languages ◽  
Endangered Language ◽  
Learning Rates ◽  
Welsh Language ◽  
Using Data

AbstractMore than a third of the world’s languages are currently classified as endangered and more than half are expected to go extinct by 2100. Strategies aimed at revitalising endangered languages have been implemented in numerous countries, with varying degrees of success. Here, we develop a new model regarding language transmission by dividing the population into defined proficiency categories and dynamically quantifying transition rates between categories. The model can predict changes in proficiency levels over time and, ultimately, whether a given endangered language is on a long-term trajectory towards extinction or recovery. We calibrate the model using data from Wales and show that the model predicts that the Welsh language will thrive in the long term. We then apply the model to te reo Māori, the Indigenous language of New Zealand, as a case study. Initial conditions for this model are estimated using New Zealand census data. We modify the model to describe a country, such as New Zealand, where the endangered language is associated with a particular subpopulation representing the Indigenous People. We conclude that, with current learning rates, te reo Māori is on a pathway towards extinction, but identify strategies that could help restore it to an upward trajectory.

Language Archiving

2018 ◽  
pp. 346-369
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Berez-Kroeker ◽  
Ryan Henke
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Endangered Languages ◽  
Language Documentation ◽  
Digital Archiving ◽  
Endangered Language ◽  
History Of ◽  
Participatory Model ◽  
User Centered

In this chapter, the authors examine the role of language archiving in endangered-language scholarship. First they explore the history of archiving for endangered languages, from the age of Boas and the archiving of analog materials through the rise of the endangered-language movement and the development of best practices for digital archiving to the current era of established archiving standards. Then they discuss a potential future for language archiving, that of the participatory model of language archiving, which is radically user-centered and draws on trends in the archival sciences. Next they present some of the extant archives for language documentation, the members of the Digital Endangered Languages and Music Archiving Network. Finally, because archiving is an activity that is now available to anyone undertaking endangered-language work, they close by presenting the steps one would take to work with an archive to deposit one’s own materials.

scholarly journals "ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: A STUDY" (WITH REFERENCE TO HIMACHAL PRADESH UNIVERSITY)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (9SE) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Jyoti Dhol
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Awareness ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Project Work ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The University

Today we have entered the 21st century, in which science and technology are playing an important role. This progress has solved many mysteries of another universe. The same has provided many other pleasures of human beings. The environment has always been helpful in these human progress and development, but in the race for this development, we have neglected the environment and exploited it uncontrollably. In the greed for immediate benefits, man himself has put his future in a long-term crisis. As a result, the source of life, the environment is becoming increasingly degraded. This project work is presented in this context. The Supreme Court of India feels that every citizen of India should understand environmental information and accountability and give suggestions for environmental improvement. In the research work, the primary data was compiled by filling the questionnaire using the deviation system (च स ड ड ड जीव जीव जीव जीव जीव तथा तथा तथा सर्वेक्षण) and information was obtained by surveying the university. Primary as well as secondary data were used for research work. Selection of the field After selecting five departments (Arts, Commerce, Research, Computer and other departments) of Himachal Pradesh University, data is obtained by filling a questionnaire from 5 to 5 students of each department. A questionnaire was prepared to understand environmental problem and problem related awareness. Conclusions and suggestions related to the problem are given.Word Key - Student and environmental awareness, environmental awareness. आज हम 21वीं सदी मे प्रवेष कर चुके है, जिसमें विज्ञान और प्रौद्योगिकी एक महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभा रहे है। इस प्रगति ने जहां एक और ब्रह्माण्ड के अनेक रहस्यों को सुलझाया है । वही दूसरी और मानव का अनेकानेक सुख सुविधाएं प्रदान की है। इन मानवीय प्रगति एवं विकास मे पर्यावरण तो सदैव सहायक रहा है, परन्तु इस विकास की दौड़ मे हमने पर्यावरण की उपेक्षा की और उसका अनियन्त्रित शोषण किया है। तात्कालिक लाभों के लालच मे मानव ने स्वयं अपने भविष्य को दीर्घकालीन संकट मे डाल दिया है। परिणामस्वरूप जीवन के स्त्रोत पर्यावरण का अवनयन होता जा रहा है। इसी परिपेक्ष्य मे यह परियोजना कार्य प्रस्तुत है। भारत का सर्वाेच्च न्यायालय यह महसूस करता है कि भारत का हर नागरिक पर्यावरण जानकारी व जवाबदारी को समझे व पर्यावरण सुधार संबंधी सुझाव दे । शोध कार्य में देव निदर्षन;ैंउचसपदह डमजीवकद्धप्रणाली का प्रयोग कर प्रष्नावली भरवाकर प्राथमिक आंकड़ों का संकलन किया गया तथा विष्वविद्यालय का सर्वेक्षण कर जानकारी प्राप्त की गई। शोध कार्य हेतु प्राथमिक के साथ-साथ द्वितीयक आंकड़ों का उपयोग किया गया। कार्यक्षेत्र का चयन हिमाचल प्रदेष विष्वविद्यालय के पांच विभागों (आर्टस्, काॅर्मस, र्साइंस, कम्प्यूटर व अन्य विभागों) का चयन कर प्रत्येक विभाग के 5-5 विद्यार्थियों से प्रष्नावली भरवाई जाकर आंकड़े प्राप्त किये गये है। पर्यावरण समस्या एवं समस्या से निदान पाने सम्बन्धि जागरूकता को समझने के लिए प्रष्नावली तैयार की गई। समस्या से संबंधित निष्कर्ष एवं सुझाव दिए गए है।शब्द कुंजी-विद्यार्थी एवं पर्यावरण जागरूकता, पर्यावरण जागरूकता।

scholarly journals Archives 2.0 for endangered languages: From disk space to MySpace

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 111-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Nathan
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Endangered Languages ◽  
Language Documentation ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Disk Space ◽  
Endangered Language ◽  
Salient Features ◽  
Information Providers

The salient features of endangered language documentation are diversity and protocol. The Endangered Languages Archive at SOAS is creating a new archive to take advantage of web-based social networking to address these issues. The archive is reconceived as a platform for conducting relationships between information providers (depositors) and information users, using the now-familiar idiom of Facebook. Rather than the archive having to continually broker complex access conditions, depositors and requesters can negotiate directly with each other via the archive to achieve more flexible and creative outcomes.

Language revitalization and community initiatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-254
Author(s):  
Bidisha Bhattacharjee
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Language Revitalization ◽  
Endangered Languages ◽  
Language Documentation ◽  
World Language ◽  
Dominant Culture ◽  
Community Initiatives ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Endangered Language ◽  
Linguistic Communities

Abstract Language is an integral part of the social identity and ethnicity of a community apart from being its mode of communication. Language plays a key role to preserve the history, culture and identity of a community. In this era of globalization, cultural and linguistic homogenization is a common trend. The state and dominant linguistic communities expect ‘others’ or the minority groups to assimilate into the dominant culture and language. Arguments for the maintenance and revitalization of minority and endangered languages have been made by many linguists around the world. Language rights, language planning and language documentation programmes are some steps taken by government and externally-funded organizations to protect endangered and indigenous languages. Besides the initiatives taken by the non-members of the community, the future of an endangered language and culture has been decided by the role and attitude of the community towards its community-specific linguistic and cultural identity. India is a very diverse country as far as its linguistic and cultural heritage is concerned. This project is enriched with insights from field experience in various districts of West Bengal, a state in India, where the speakers of endangered linguistic communities are aware of their linguistic rights and are highly engaged in the language and cultural revitalization, and in that their degree of progress and success is commendable. This paper aims at demonstrating the major role played by the communities themselves in language-revitalization programmes.

scholarly journals Review Article

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Kruijt ◽  
Mark Turin
Keyword(s):  
Steady Increase ◽  
Endangered Languages ◽  
Language Documentation ◽  
Language Endangerment ◽  
Endangered Language ◽  
Philanthropic Organizations ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government ◽  
Seminal Article ◽  
Research Councils

In response to a crescendo of public and scholarly interest, over the last two decades there has been a noticeable and mostly welcome surge in publications that focus on language documentation, conservation, and revitalization. Early and high impact contributions in Hale et al. (1992) included a now seminal article by Michael Krauss which called for urgent action to prevent linguistics from going down in history as the ‘only science that presided obliviously over the disappearance of 90% of the very field to which it is dedicated’ (Krauss 1992:10). There then followed a discussion on the topic by Ladefoged (1992) and a prompt reply by Dorian (1993) that situated the issue of language endangerment as one deserving of sustained academic attention. Alongside swelling bookshelves that speak to the urgency of this work, major research programs funded by private philanthropic organizations and research councils were also being established at this time. The Foundation for Endangered Languages (FEL) was founded in 1995, followed a year later by the Endangered Language Fund (ELF). With the establishment of the Dokumentation Bedrohter Sprachen program (DoBeS) in 2000, the Hans Rausing Endangered Languages Project (HRELP) in 2002, and the Documenting Endangered Languages (DEL) program funded by the US government in 2005, the last two decades bear witness to a steady increase in support, funding, and visibility for the documentation and preservation of endangered languages.

Open Building in Health Care Architecture: The Case of the Ino Project in Bern, Switzerland

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Stefan Geiser
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Systems ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Primary System ◽  
Secondary System ◽  
Execution Phase ◽  
Health Care Architecture ◽  
The University ◽  
Hospital Equipment ◽  
Made In

The west surgery wing of the University Hospital “Insel” in Bern, which was completed in 1971, no longer meets operational requirements. A decision was made in 1995 that it must be completely renovated. The INO renovation project embraces in particular the Intensive care, Emergency and Surgery Centre. The Building Department of the Canton of Bern, which is responsible for overseeing construction work on the Insel hospital, is pursuing an open building method for the INO project to ensure that the “serviced structure” of the building (with main utility infrastructure) will continue to be highly adaptable, and that the components of the building are interchangeable and reusable. Building sections with differing service lives and designated purposes are therefore kept consistently separate in the planning and execution phases. The use of separate (discrete) systems anticipates the long-term life cycle of the building, and thus safeguards its value in terms of future use. Work is divided into discrete system levels: the primary system (building shell) is designed for a service life of 50 to 100 years, the secondary system (fit-out) for 15 to 50 years and the tertiary system (hospital equipment) for 5 to 15 years. The project is currently in the execution phase and is being developed in three stages. The 1st stage, the primary system, was completed at the end of 2002, the other stages have not yet been implemented. The 1st stage of the INO project is to go into operation by 2006 and the 2nd stage by 2009.

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