scholarly journals Digital Documentation of the Saite Tombs in Saqqara

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-31
Author(s):  
Matthias Lang Universität Tübingen ◽  
Ramadan Hussein ◽  
Benjamin Glissmann ◽  
Philippe Kluge
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Data Archiving ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Digital Documentation ◽  
3D Information ◽  
Term Data

This paper focuses on the digital documentation techniques employed in the recording of a number of Saite-Persian sarcophagus-tombs in the necropolis of Saqqara (Egypt). In this paper, we discus pros and cons of different three-dimensional technologies for the documentation of a vast site as well as the process of ongoing excavation. We then delve into a discussion of the results and benefits of the employed techniques, particularly understanding the complex spatial relationships of archaeological features both aboveground and underground. Furthermore, we explain how we derive precise scaled and ortho-rectified images of all inscribed walls and objects from the recorded 3D-information in order to produce digital facsimiles. The 3D approach gives us the opportunity to create an exact digital copy of the site, and to record all stages of the excavation. The produced 3D models can be used in various virtual environments in order to give researchers and the general public the possibility to visit and to examine the site from a distance. Also, it is important to note that this paper presents a sustainable long-term data-archiving strategy, since saving the digitally-born data for future generations is an integral part of our Saqqara Saite Tombs Project.

scholarly journals Virtual Archaeology of Death and Burial: A Procedure for Integrating 3D Visualization and Analysis in Archaeothanatology

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 540-555
Author(s):  
Hayley L. Mickleburgh ◽  
Liv Nilsson Stutz ◽  
Harry Fokkens
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
The Body ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Archaeology Of Death ◽  
Human Burials ◽  
3D Information

Abstract The reconstruction of past mortuary rituals and practices increasingly incorporates analysis of the taphonomic history of the grave and buried body, using the framework provided by archaeothanatology. Archaeothanatological analysis relies on interpretation of the three-dimensional (3D) relationship of bones within the grave and traditionally depends on elaborate written descriptions and two-dimensional (2D) images of the remains during excavation to capture this spatial information. With the rapid development of inexpensive 3D tools, digital replicas (3D models) are now commonly available to preserve 3D information on human burials during excavation. A procedure developed using a test case to enhance archaeothanatological analysis and improve post-excavation analysis of human burials is described. Beyond preservation of static spatial information, 3D visualization techniques can be used in archaeothanatology to reconstruct the spatial displacement of bones over time, from deposition of the body to excavation of the skeletonized remains. The purpose of the procedure is to produce 3D simulations to visualize and test archaeothanatological hypotheses, thereby augmenting traditional archaeothanatological analysis. We illustrate our approach with the reconstruction of mortuary practices and burial taphonomy of a Bell Beaker burial from the site of Oostwoud-Tuithoorn, West-Frisia, the Netherlands. This case study was selected as the test case because of its relatively complete context information. The test case shows the potential for application of the procedure to older 2D field documentation, even when the amount and detail of documentation is less than ideal.

scholarly journals SwissCollNet – A National Initiative for Natural History Collections in Switzerland

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Frick ◽  
Pia Stieger ◽  
Christoph Scheidegger
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Data Archiving ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Botanical Gardens ◽  
Natural History Collections ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
National Initiative ◽  
Educational Potential ◽  
Term Data

More than 60 million specimens are housed in geological and biological collections in numerous museums and botanical gardens located all over Switzerland. They are of national and international origin. Taken together they form an entity with a high scientific value and international recognition for their contribution to scientific research. Due to the federalistic organisation of Switzerland, natural history collections are located and curated in numerous institutions. So far, no common strategy for digitisation, documentation and long-term data archiving has been developed. This shortcoming has been widely identified by concerned parties. Under the lead of the Swiss Academy of Sciences, several organisations have assembled information about Swiss natural history collections. They identified measures to be taken to promote the scientific and educational potential of natural history collections in Switzerland (Beer et al. 2019). With a national initiative, the Swiss Natural History Collections Network (SwissCollNet) aims to unite Swiss natural history collections under a common vision and with a common strategy. The goal is to promote the collections themselves and to harness the scientific and educational potential of these collections for research and training. SwissCollNet consists of representatives of research, teaching, museums and botanical gardens, the data centers for information on the national fauna and flora, the Swiss Systematics Society and the Swiss node of GBIF, the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. The initiative aims to foster research on natural history collections. It will provide a single decentralised data infrastructure framework for Swiss research related to natural history. It will help to harmonise nationwide collection data management, digitisation and long-term data archiving. It will facilitate identification of specimens and revision of taxonomic groups. New research techniques, fast-evolving computer technologies and internet connectivity, create new opportunities for deciphering and using the wealth of information housed in Swiss and international collections. The development of an agreed strategy and research priorities on a national scale will allow fluent, fluid and permanent collaboration across all Swiss natural history collections by promoting interoperability and unified access to collections as well as creating opportunities for scientific collaboration and innovation. This national approach will create an internationally compatible research data infrastructure, while respecting and integrating regional and decentralized conditions and requirements. Thus, it will maximize the impact for science, policy and society.

Three-Dimensional Printing of Prenatal Ultrasonographic Diagnosis of Cleft Lip and Palate: Presenting the Needed “Know-How” and Discussing Its Use in Parental Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 1041-1044
Author(s):  
Matthias Schlund ◽  
Jean-Marc Levaillant ◽  
Romain Nicot
Keyword(s):  
Parental Education ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Prenatal Counseling ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
3D Information ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Parental prenatal counseling is of paramount significance since parents often experience an emotional crisis with feelings of disappointment and helplessness. Three-dimensional (3D) printed model of the unborn child’s face presenting with cleft lip and palate, based on ultrasonographic information, could be used to provide visual 3D information, further enhancing the prospective parent’s comprehension of their unborn child’s pathology and morphology, helping them to be psychologically prepared and improving the communication with the caretaking team. Prospective parents appreciate if prenatal counseling is available with the most detailed information as well as additional resources. The technique necessary to create 3D models after ultrasonographic information is explained, and the related costs are evaluated. The use of such models in parental education is then discussed.

3D printing in spine surgery: current and future applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umar F Samdani ◽  
Steven W Hwang
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Spine Surgery ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Spine Deformity ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Fda ◽  
Term Data

The revolutionary technology of 3D printing has gained traction in the medical field in recent years; spine surgery has in particular seen major advances in 3D printing. The applications of this technology have grown from utilizing 3D models to enhance patient education to patient specific, highly detailed intraoperative anatomical molds. However, obstacles remain that prevent the widespread utilization of 3D printing in spine surgery such as cost, time consumption, lack of long-term data, and regulation by the US FDA. Despite these obstacles, it is evident that 3D printing will be utilized to optimize preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative care of patients with spine deformity. The purpose of this review is to establish the applications of 3D printing for spine surgery.

Computer Generated Holographic Dual Storage Concept for Long Term Data Archiving

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Martinez ◽  
Fabien Laulagnet ◽  
Frederic Petit ◽  
Philippe Carre ◽  
Pascal Boulitreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Archiving ◽  
Term Data

scholarly journals SFM TECHNIQUE AND FOCUS STACKING FOR DIGITAL DOCUMENTATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL ARTIFACTS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B5 ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Clini ◽  
N. Frapiccini ◽  
M. Mengoni ◽  
R. Nespeca ◽  
L. Ruggeri
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Depth Of Field ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Allowable Error ◽  
Digital Documentation ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
High Level ◽  
Fast Procedure

Digital documentation and high-quality 3D representation are always more requested in many disciplines and areas due to the large amount of technologies and data available for fast, detailed and quick documentation. This work aims to investigate the area of medium and small sized artefacts and presents a fast and low cost acquisition system that guarantees the creation of 3D models with an high level of detail, making the digitalization of cultural heritage a simply and fast procedure. The 3D models of the artefacts are created with the photogrammetric technique Structure From Motion that makes it possible to obtain, in addition to three-dimensional models, high-definition images for a deepened study and understanding of the artefacts. For the survey of small objects (only few centimetres) it is used a macro lens and the focus stacking, a photographic technique that consists in capturing a stack of images at different focus planes for each camera pose so that is possible to obtain a final image with a higher depth of field. The acquisition with focus stacking technique has been finally validated with an acquisition with laser triangulation scanner Minolta that demonstrates the validity compatible with the allowable error in relation to the expected precision.

scholarly journals 3D Bioprinted Spheroidal Droplets for Engineering the Heterocellular Coupling between Cardiomyocytes and Cardiac Fibroblasts

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Raven El Khoury ◽  
Naveen Nagiah ◽  
Joel A. Mudloff ◽  
Vikram Thakur ◽  
Munmun Chattopadhyay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Cardiac Cells ◽  
Junctional Coupling ◽  
Human Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽  
Gap Junctional ◽  
Gap Junctional Coupling

Since conventional human cardiac two-dimensional (2D) cell culture and multilayered three-dimensional (3D) models fail in recapitulating cellular complexity and possess inferior translational capacity, we designed and developed a high-throughput scalable 3D bioprinted cardiac spheroidal droplet-organoid model with cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts that can be used for drug screening or regenerative engineering applications. This study helped establish the parameters for bioprinting and cross-linking a gelatin-alginate-based bioink into 3D spheroidal droplets. A flattened disk-like structure developed in prior studies from our laboratory was used as a control. The microstructural and mechanical stability of the 3D spheroidal droplets was assessed and was found to be ideal for a cardiac scaffold. Adult human cardiac fibroblasts and AC16 cardiomyocytes were mixed in the bioink and bioprinted. Live-dead assay and flow cytometry analysis revealed robust biocompatibility of the 3D spheroidal droplets that supported the growth and proliferation of the cardiac cells in the long-term cultures. Moreover, the heterocellular gap junctional coupling between the cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts further validated the 3D cardiac spheroidal droplet model.

scholarly journals Time-resolved scanning ion conductance microscopy for three-dimensional tracking of nanoscale cell surface dynamics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel M. Leitao ◽  
Barney Drake ◽  
Katarina Pinjusic ◽  
Xavier Pierrat ◽  
Vytautas Navikas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cellular Structures ◽  
Surface Dynamics ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Ion Conductance ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy ◽  
3D Information

Understanding cellular function requires high-resolution information about cellular structures as well as their evolution over time. The major challenge is to obtain three-dimensional (3D) information at nanometer resolution without affecting the viability of the cells and avoiding interference with the process. Here, we develop a scanning ion conductance microscope (SICM) for high-speed and long term imaging that can resolve spatiotemporally diverse processes on the cell membrane. We tracked dynamic changes in live cell morphology with nanometer details and temporal ranges of sub-second to days, imagining diverse processes ranging from endocytosis, micropinocytosis, and mitosis, to bacterial infection and cell differentiation in cancer cells. This technique enables a detailed look at membrane events and may offer insights into cell-cell interactions for infection, immunology, and cancer research.

scholarly journals Nonmechanical parfocal and autofocus features based on wave propagation distribution in lensfree holographic microscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Budi Dharmawan ◽  
Shinta Mariana ◽  
Gregor Scholz ◽  
Philipp Hörmann ◽  
Torben Schulze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Prorocentrum Minimum ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Holographic Microscopy ◽  
3D Information ◽  
Point Light

AbstractPerforming long-term cell observations is a non-trivial task for conventional optical microscopy, since it is usually not compatible with environments of an incubator and its temperature and humidity requirements. Lensless holographic microscopy, being entirely based on semiconductor chips without lenses and without any moving parts, has proven to be a very interesting alternative to conventional microscopy. Here, we report on the integration of a computational parfocal feature, which operates based on wave propagation distribution analysis, to perform a fast autofocusing process. This unique non-mechanical focusing approach was implemented to keep the imaged object staying in-focus during continuous long-term and real-time recordings. A light-emitting diode (LED) combined with pinhole setup was used to realize a point light source, leading to a resolution down to 2.76 μm. Our approach delivers not only in-focus sharp images of dynamic cells, but also three-dimensional (3D) information on their (x, y, z)-positions. System reliability tests were conducted inside a sealed incubator to monitor cultures of three different biological living cells (i.e., MIN6, neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y), and Prorocentrum minimum). Altogether, this autofocusing framework enables new opportunities for highly integrated microscopic imaging and dynamic tracking of moving objects in harsh environments with large sample areas.

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