scholarly journals Crude oil and refined products transportation from the Caspian region to the European Union

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erjan Akhmedov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Caspian Region ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Transportation Routes ◽  
Supply Main

This article provides in-depth description of the situation with crude oil and refined products transportation from the Caspian Region to the European Union. It describes demand and supply, main transportation routes and modes of transport. The article then addresses existing and potential issues and discusses the ways to resolve them. There are two knowledge gaps associated with the topic of this article: (i) transportation of crude oil and refined products from the Caspian region to the European Union receives limited attention of researchers, and (ii) the majority of related scientific publications consider mainly the aspects of geopolitics and the European energy security, but not the transportation itself. The author attempts to partially close these gaps.

The Southern Gas Corridor infrastructure project – implications for the energy security of the European Union

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-99
Author(s):  
Justyna Misiągiewicz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Caspian Region ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Energy Field ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Infrastructure Project ◽  
The Eu

Nowadays, energy security is a growing concern in state foreignpolicy. Interdependency in the energy field is a very important dimensionof contemporary relations between states and transnational corporations.Energy security is becoming a key issue for the European Union (EU). TheUnion is one of the world’s fastest-growing energy markets and the biggestimporter of energy resources. For the foreseeable future, Europe’s energydependence will probably increase. Facing a shortage of energy, Europe isdependent on imports and the EU member states need to diversify their energysupplies. The Caspian region contains some of the largest undevelopedoil and gas reserves in the world. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, thenewly independent Caspian states became open to foreign investment. Thegrowing energy needs have given the EU a strong interest in developing tieswith energy-producing states in the Caspian region to build the necessarypipeline infrastructure. In this analysis, the pipeline infrastructure that exists orwill be built in the near future will be presented. The analysis will concentrateon routes transporting gas from the Caspian region and the most importantproblems and solutions in designing the midstream energy system in the region.The key aim of the article is to analyse the Southern Gas Corridor (SGC)infrastructure project, which will inevitably contribute to the EU’s energy securityinterest.

scholarly journals RAIL DELIVERIES OF BULK OIL CARGOES FROM THE CASPIAN REGION TO EUROPE

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-173
Author(s):  
Erjan Akhmedov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Rail Transportation ◽  
Caspian Region ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Bulk Oil ◽  
Current Topic ◽  
Transportation Routes ◽  
Freight Market

This article is a study of the current situation with rail deliveries of bulk oil cargoes from the Caspian region to Europe. It addresses the importance of these deliveries for the European energy security, the salient features of rail transportation of crude oil and refined products in this direction, the main transportation routes, and, finally, describes existing and potential problems with rail deliveries of bulk oil cargoes from the Caspian region to Europe and suggests potential resolutions for these problems. In spite of the serious importance of the topic, the overall number of scientific publications related to it is limited. Another problem is that existing scientific literature sources tend to cover general transportation or geopolitical aspects without paying due attention to the rail transportation, logistical problems, related to the current topic, and how to resolve them. The author attempts to fill these knowledge gaps by collecting, processing, and analysing first-hand information from the main market players. The author concludes the article emphasising the importance of the railway transport for deliveries of bulk oil cargoes and pointing out that several important actions are required, namely the actual introduction of a competitive freight market and transition from transport to logistics corridors, support from governments and railway administrations and proactive position of shippers.

scholarly journals The Three Seas Initiative and its Economic and Geopolitical Effect on the European Union and Central and Eastern Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Zbińkowski
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
The Eu

The objective of this paper is a presentation of results of an analysis of the Three Seas Initiative (TSI), whose participating countries (except Austria) treat it as a method of: a) reducing their dependence on crude oil and natural gas imports from Russia, thus increasing their energy security; b) accelerated filling of the persisting civilisation gap between the initiative participants and more developed EU countries owing to the improved quality and maturity of the transport and digital North‑South infrastructure; and c) the actual implementation of the “vision of a Europe whole, free and at peace.” The analysis has assumed the following research hypothesis: The CEE states’ joining the EU has not markedly changed those states’ development, as material differences do still exist in this respect between the new EU states and the old ones, which was verified positively.

European Energy Security

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almas Heshmati ◽  
Shahrouz Abolhosseini
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
The European Union

This chapter reviews relevant literature on the current state and effectiveness of developing renewable energy on energy security in general, and on energy security in the European Union (EU) in particular. The chapter elaborates on primary energy import sources, possible alternatives, and how energy security is affected by the sources of supply. It also gives an analysis of the effects of the Ukrainian crisis, the isolation of Iran on diversification sources, and on European energy security. It examines EU’s energy policy, analyses the best motivation for a new energy policy direction within Europe, and suggests alternative solutions for enhanced energy supply security. The aim is to suggest suitable solutions for energy security in Europe through energy supply diversification. Supply diversification includes alternative energy corridors for reducing dependency on Russia as a supplier and enhancing the power generated by renewable energy sources under the European Union 2020 strategy.

scholarly journals The 'Great Diversification Game': Russia’s Vision of the European Union’s Energy Projects in the Shared Neighbourhood

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-148
Author(s):  
Valentina Feklyunina
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Commonwealth Of Independent States ◽  
Energy Projects ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Transportation Routes ◽  
Former Soviet Republics

This article examines Russia’s vision of the European Union’s energy diversification projects that focus on their ‘shared neighbourhood’. It argues that although the European Union (EU), unlike the USA, is not yet seen as a serious threat to Russian interests in the area, this situation is rapidly changing, with the Kremlin becoming increasingly sensitive about the EU’s plans to diversify energy supply sources and transportation routes by increasing cooperation with other former Soviet Republics within the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). The article highlights how the EU’s energy diversification projects are viewed by Moscow as anti-Russian and details the way in which Russia is responding to this perceived threat, including plans to diversify its own energy exports.

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