IDENTIFIKASI DAN KELIMPAHAN BAKTERI PADA JENIS KARANG Acropora sp. DI REEF FLAT TERUMBU KARANG PULAU PANJANG JEPARA      Identification and Abundance of Bacteria In Acropora sp. at Coral Reef Flat Panjang Island Jepara

ABSTRAK Pulau Panjang di utara Kota Jepara memiliki wilayah terumbu karang dengan jenis karang dominan yaitu Acropora sp. Ekosistem ini merupakan habitat yang mendukung kehidupan biota akuatik di sekitarnya termasuk mikroorganisme yang terdapat di dalamnya. Keberadaan bakteri di dalam koloni karang diperlukan sebagai biota pendukung sediaan nutrisi untuk proses fotosintesis zooxanthellae dalam polip karang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis bakteri dan kelimpahannya pada jenis karang Acropora sp. di reef flat terumbu karang di Pulau Panjang Jepara. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret-April 2016 dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Materi uji adalah supernatan dari Acropora sp. yang telah dicentrifuge selanjutya dilakukan isolasi bakteri, kultur, uji morfologi, dan uji biokimia. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah terdapat 3 jenis bakteri yang teridentifikasi di karang Acropora sp. yaitu Listeria sp., Bacillus sp.[1], Bacillus sp.[2] dan Micrococcus sp. Ketiga genera tersebut termasuk bakteri fakultatif dan berfungsi sebagai bakteri perombak bahan organik. Kelimpahan bakteri di karang Acropora sp. berkisar antara 1,0x104 Cfu/ml hingga 8,4x105 Cfu/ml. Pada stasiun I kelimpahan bakteri sebesar 2,0x104 Cfu/ml hingga 6,2x105Cfu/ml, stasiun II kelimpahan bakteri sebesar 1,0x104 Cfu/ml hingga 8,4x105Cfu/ml, serta pada stasiun III kelimpahan bakteri sebesar1,0x104 Cfu/ml hingga 1,3x105Cfu/ml. Kelimpahan bakteri tertinggi ditemukan pada stasiun II. Jenis bakteri Listeria sp. mendominasi dengan nilai 8,4x105 Cfu/ml sedangkan bakteri Micrococcus sp. memiliki nilai terendah yaitu 1,0x104 Cfu/ml. Kata kunci: Jenis Bakteri; Kelimpahan Bakteri; Identifikasi Bakteri; Acropora sp.; Pulau Panjang ABSTRACT Panjang Island in the north of Jepara has coral reef areas which the dominant coral species is Acropora sp. This ecosystem is the habitat that supports to life for their surrounding aquatic organism, including microorganisms. The existence of bacteria in coral colonies is required to support nutrients availability for zooxanthellae photosynthesis inside coral polyps. The purposes of this study are to determine the type and abundance of bacteria present on Acropora sp. coral species on the reef flat coral reefs in Panjang Island Jepara. This study was conducted in March-April 2016 by using descriptive method. The material of research are supernatant of Acropora Sp after centrifuged and continued to isolation of bacteria, culture, morphology test and biochemical test. The results obtained is there are three species of bacteria that identified in Acropora sp. Those are, Listeria sp., Bacillus sp. [1], Bacillus sp. [2] and Micrococcus sp. All those genera include to facultativebacteria and serves as organic material decomposer bacteria. The abundance of bacteria in the Acropora sp. coral are between 1,0x104 Cfu/ml to 8,4x105 Cfu/ml. At the station I abundance of bacteria was2,0x104 Cfu/mlto 6,2x105Cfu/ml, station II abundance of bacteria was 1,0x104 Cfu/ml to 8,4x105Cfu/m, and at station III abundance of bacteria was 1,0x104 Cfu/ml to 1,3x105Cfu/ml. The highest abundance of bacteria is located at station II.The type of Listeria sp. bacteria dominates the highest value, that is 8,4x105 Cfu/ml while Micrococcus sp. bacteria has the lowest value, that is 1,0x104 Cfu/ml. Keywords: Type of Bacteria; The Abundance of Bacteria; Identification of Bacteria; Acropora sp.; Panjang Island

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Vertical Distribution Of Hard Corals In Southern Siladen Island

JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX ◽

10.35800/jip.5.1.2017.14972 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 49

Author(s):

John L. Tombokan ◽

Unstain N. W. J. Rembet ◽

Silvester B. Pratasik

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Reef Flat ◽

Coral Species ◽

Life Forms ◽

Hard Coral ◽

Long Line ◽

Abiotic Component ◽

Line Transects ◽

Line Intercept ◽

Reef Condition

This study was aimed at provide information on hard coral distribution in southern Siladen Island. The work was done using SCUBA gear Line Intercept Transect (LIT). Thirty m long-line transects were placed at the reef flat, 5 m depth, 10 m depth, 15 m depth, and 20 m depth. A total of 44 hard coral genera was recorded, and the highest number of genre was found at 5 m depth. Coral species diversity was also high enough at the reef flat (1.032) and 5 m depth (1.28). Coral reef condition at 10 m depth was good enough as well and categorized as productive due to much higher percent of the biotic component than the abiotic component. The dominant life forms consisted of tabulate Acropora and branching corals at the reef flat, encrusting corals, branching corals, and foliose corals at 5 m, encrusting corals at 10 and 20 m depth, and massive corals, encrusting corals, and branching corals at 15 m depth, respectively. Keywords: coral reef, distribution, LIT, vertical zonationl. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyediakan informasi tentang distribusi karang batu di sebelah selatan pulau Siladen. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan alat selam SCUBA dan metode transek intersep garis. Tali transek sepanjang 30 m diletakkan di rataan terumbu, kedalaman 5, 10, 15, dan 20 m. Total 44 genera karang batu ditemukan pada penelitian ini, dan jumlah genera terbanyak ditemukan pada kedalaman 5 m. Keanekaragaman spesies karang juga cukup tinggi di daerah rataan terumbu (1,032) and 5m (1,28). Kondisi terumbu karang pada kedalaman 10 m juga cukup baik dan dikategorikan produktif karena tingginya komponen biotik dibandingkan dengan komponen abiotik. Bentuk pertumbuhan yang dominan masing-masing terdiri dari Acropora meja dan karang bercabang di rataan terumbu karang, karang encrusting, karang bercabang, dan foliose pada kedalaman 5 m, karang encrusting pada kedalaman 10 dan 20m, serta karang masif, karang encrusting dan karang bercabang pada kedalaman 15m. Kata kunci: Terumbu karang, distribusi, Transek Intersep Garis, Zonasi vertikal.

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Impacts of ocean acidification in naturally variable coral reef flat ecosystems

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres ◽

10.1029/2011jc007655 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 117 (C3) ◽

pp. n/a-n/a ◽

Cited By ~ 109

Author(s):

Emily C. Shaw ◽

Ben I. McNeil ◽

Bronte Tilbrook

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Ocean Acidification ◽

Reef Flat

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Ecology of a Caribbean coral reef. The Porites reef-flat biotope: Part II. Plankton community with evidence for depletion

Marine Biology ◽

10.1007/bf00388905 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 1-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 97

Author(s):

P. W. Glynn

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Reef Flat ◽

Plankton Community ◽

Caribbean Coral ◽

Caribbean Coral Reef

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Les rivages des Bermudes et les formes littorales de dissolution du calcaire

Cahiers de géographie du Québec ◽

10.7202/020026ar ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 115-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

François Taillefer

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Coral Reefs ◽

Mechanical Action ◽

Intermediate Position ◽

Striking Feature ◽

Tidal Range ◽

Intermediate Type ◽

North East ◽

The North

The littoral morphology of the Bermudas is an erosional morphology in limestones, the main processes being mechanical action and solution. The temperatures, in January and February, of the waters washing the Bermudas, are low enough to prevent the growing of true coral reefs. Therefore, it is not the morphology of a coral reef. The predominance of wave-cut cliffs is the most striking feature, despite the low and gently rolling topography. There are, however, other types of coasts on the islands, the mangrove being found on many sheltered shores. The writer thus opposes the sheltered shores of the sounds to the ones exposed on the southcoast, while the shores of the north and north-east coasts belong to an intermediate type. The steplike arrangement of the coastal forms of solution of the Bermudas limestones is primarily linked to the amount of the tidal range. These features are similar to those described on the shores of the warm seas, where the tide is negligible or weak. The Bermudas occupy an intermediate position between the regions where reefs are built by corals, and those, to the north, where solution, helped by other processes, occurs without compensation.

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STATUS TERUMBU KARANG DI PERAIRAN PESISIR NEGERI HUKURILA

TRITON : Jurnal Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan ◽

10.30598/tritonvol17issue1page35-45 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 35-45

Author(s):

Dicky Sahetapy ◽

Laura Siahainenia ◽

Debby A J Selanno ◽

Johannes M S Tetelepta ◽

Novianty C Tuhumury

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Coral Reefs ◽

Coastal Waters ◽

Coral Species ◽

Similarity Index ◽

Ecological Index ◽

Stony Coral ◽

The Status ◽

Coral Communities ◽

Line Intercept

Coral reef is one of the important coastal ecosystems that have high biodiversity. This study aims to analyze the composition of the taxa and the distribution of coral species, the ecological index of coral communities and the status of coral reefs. The research was conducted from April-May 2019 in the coastal waters of Hukurila Village, South Leitimur District, Ambon City. Collecting coral data by using the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method. Determination of coral reef condition based on percent data (value) of coral reef cover. During the study, 116 species of stony coral from 49 genera and 16 families were found, which 50 species of them are protected and 23 species of ornamental coral. The similarity index of stony coral species between coral reef locations ranges from 0.52-0.76 or there is the similarity of stony coral species between locations coral reef in the amount of 52-76%. The coral reefs of Hukurila Village have high diversity of coral species, with a low dominance of coral species in the community, and the compatibility of coral species in the community is classified as stable. Acropora corals contributed a low covering percent value (9.98%), while Non-Acropora corals contributed a relatively high percent of covering value (43.56%). The status of coral reefs between locations in the coastal waters of Hukurila Village is in the criteria of good (healthy). ABSTRAK Terumbu karang merupakan salah satu ekosistem pesisir penting yang emiliki kenanekaragaman hayati tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis komposisi taksa dan sebaran spesies karang, indeks ekologi kominitas karang dan status terumbu karang. Penelitian dilakukan dari April-Mei 2019 di perairan pesisir Negeri Hukurila Kecamatan Leitimur Selatan Kota Ambon. Pengumpulan data karang menggunakan metode Line Intercept Transect (LIT). Penentuan kondisi terumbu karang berdasarkan data (nilai) persen penutupan karang batu. Selama penelitian ditemukan 116 spesies karang batu dari 49 genera dan 16 famili, dimana 50 spesies diantaranya dilindungi dan 23 spesies karang hias. Indeks similaritas spesies karang batu antar stasiun terumbu karang berkisar antara 0,52-0,76 atau terdapat kesamaan spesies karang batu antar lokasi terumbu karang sebesar 52-76%. Terumbu karang Negeri Hukurila memiliki diversitas spesies karang tinggi, dengan dominansi spesies karang rendah dalam komunitas, dan keserasian spesies karang dalam komunitas tergolong stabil. Karang Acropora memberi kontribusi nilai persen penutupan rendah (9,98%), sementara karang Non-Acropora memberi kontribusi nilai persen penutupan karang batu relatif tinggi (43,56%). Status terumbu karang antar stasiun terumbu perairan pesisir Negeri Hukurila berada dalam kriteria baik (sehat). Kata kunci: terumbu, karang batu, keragaman spesies, kesamaan, persen penutupan

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Pair formation, home range, and spatial variation in density, size and social status in blotched foxfaceSiganus unimaculatuson an Okinawan coral reef

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.1280 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. e1280 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Atsushi Nanami

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Home Range ◽

Spatial Variation ◽

Reef Flat ◽

Pair Formation ◽

Size Class ◽

Reef Slope ◽

Rocky Reef ◽

Seagrass Bed ◽

Agonistic Display

The present study examined pair formation, spatial pattern of home range and spatial variation in density, size and social status of blotched foxfaceSiganus unimaculatus(family Siganidae) on an Okinawan coral reef. Of 32 pairs sampled for sexing, 31 (96.9%) were heterosexual and showed size-assortative pairing. Developed ovaries were found in April and July, whereas oocytes were immature in August, September and February. Heterosexual pairing was found in both reproductive and non-reproductive periods. Home range size tended to be positively related to fork length (FL). The degree of home range overlap for same size class pairs was smaller than that for different size class pairs. The intraspecific behavior when two pairs approached each other was categorized as ‘attack,’ ‘agonistic display’ and ‘no interactions,’ and the frequency of agonistic behaviors (“attack” or “agonistic display”) was significantly greater than “no interactions.” Underwater observations at a seagrass bed, a rocky reef flat and a sheltered reef slope revealed that the mean FL was significantly smaller at the sheltered reef slope (4–13 cm) than at the rocky reef flat (>13 cm). No individuals were found in the seagrass bed. Most individuals less than 6 cm FL were solitary, whereas most individuals over 7 cm FL were paired. Density was significantly greater on the sheltered reef slope than on the rocky reef flat.

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Carbonate System Parameters of an Algal-dominated Reef along West Maui

10.5194/bg-2018-35 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nancy G. Prouty ◽

Kimberly K. Yates ◽

Nathan Smiley ◽

Chris Gallagher ◽

Olivia Cheriton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Reef Flat ◽

Sampling Period ◽

Total Alkalinity ◽

Carbonate Chemistry ◽

Diurnal Variability ◽

Carbon Chemistry ◽

Sources Of Pollution ◽

Seawater Ph ◽

Chemistry Dynamics

Abstract. Constraining coral reef metabolism and carbon chemistry dynamics are fundamental for understanding and predicting reef vulnerability to rising coastal CO2 concentrations and decreasing seawater pH. However, few studies exist along reefs occupying densely inhabited shorelines with known input from land-based sources of pollution. The shallow coral reefs off Kahekili, West Maui, are exposed to nutrient-enriched, low-pH submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and are particularly vulnerable to the compounding stressors from land-based sources of pollution and lower seawater pH. To constrain the carbonate chemistry system, nutrients and carbonate chemistry were measured along the Kahekili reef flat every 4 h over a 6-d sampling period in March 2016. Abiotic process – primarily SGD fluxes – controlled the carbonate chemistry adjacent to the primary SGD vent site, with nutrient-laden freshwater decreasing pH levels and favoring undersaturated aragonite saturation (Ωarag) conditions. In contrast, diurnal variability in the carbonate chemistry at other sites along the reef flat was driven by reef community metabolism. Superimposed on the diurnal signal was a transition during the second sampling period to a surplus of total alkalinity (TA) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) compared to ocean end-member TA and DIC measurements. A shift from net community production and calcification to net respiration and carbonate dissolution was identified. This transition occurred during a period of increased SGD-driven nutrient loading, lower wave height, and reduced current speeds. This detailed study of carbon chemistry dynamics highlights the need to incorporate local effects of nearshore oceanographic processes into predictions of coral reef vulnerability and resilience.

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